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Like an exquisite sandcastle formed in a harsh desert landscape, Mali is blessed by an extraordinary amount of beauty, wonders, talents and knowledge.

Attractions

Must-see attractions.

Grande Mosquée

Djenné's elegant Grande Mosque was constructed in 1907, though it's based on the design of an older Grande Mosquée that once stood on the site. Famous…

Sankoré Mosque

Timbuktu's three great mosques - all inaccessible to non-Muslims - are nothing much to look at, but serve as reminders of its great past. The youngest of…

Mopti's port is a lively place, where boats from up and down the river unload their cargoes. You'll see slabs of salt from Timbuktu, dried fish, firewood,…

Dyingerey Ber Mosque

Timbuktu has three of the oldest mosques in West Africa. While not as visually stunning as some in Mali, they're still extremely impressive and represent…

Grand Marché

Every Monday, the wide open area in front of the mosque is transformed into the clamorous Monday Market, which has barely changed since the days when…

From the pleasant Fula village of Massina, you can start a trip along the Niger by public pinasse (large canoe). A good first stop is Diafarabé, where…

Centre de Recherches Historiques Ahmed Baba

An amazing collection of ancient manuscripts and books are kept at the Centre de Recherches Historiques Ahmed Baba. Home to (at last count) 23,000 Islamic…

La Dune Rose

Gao's premier tourist attraction is a sunset trip to La Dune Rose, known locally as Koïma, a wonderful sand dune on the right bank of the Niger, visible…

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Feb 16, 2011 • 2 min read

Mali’s Dogon Country can feel like a deliciously African evocation of the remote. Dogon villages have no electricity. Nor are they linked by a single…

Jan 5, 2011 • 2 min read

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Home » Travel Guides » Mali » 15 Best Places to Visit in Mali

15 Best Places to Visit in Mali

Mali is a land of many cultures and creeds; a dash of life and action and heritage and history that’s sandwiched between the rolling Sahel and the endless dunes of the Sahara Desert.

From the salt-caked outposts of Taoudenni in the north to the throbbing market town of Sikasso in the south, the lion-spotted reaches of Boucle de Baoulé in the west to the protected swathes of Ansongo in the east, there’s everything from time-stood-still tribal villages to groaning camel caravans to experience here.

Meanwhile, the capital at Bamako is surely one of the continent’s most enthralling.

Beer bars and local music dives erupt between the traffic-choked streets; bazaars and brilliant markets pop up on the corners.

Oh, and that’s not even mentioning the mystery of Timbuktu! Unfortunately, recent conflicts have all but placed this fascinating country in the heart of West Africa out of bounds for would-be travelers.

Skirmishes and battles and political upheavals continue, and all the while Mali’s great natural and human beauties remain at risk…

Lets explore the best places to visit in Mali :

1. Timbuktu

For many a Berber trader and Bedouin caravan man Timbuktu marked the end of the arduous trek across the shifting sand dunes of the great Sahara.

Evoking mystery and magic and the feel of far-flung exoticism, even the name conjured up images of dusty bazaars where spices and sabres and strange folk trinkets rattled and scented the air.

Today, Timbuktu is hardly the puzzling, perplexing enigma of place it once was; but there are traces of the old days.

Find them between the criss-crossing grids of sand-caked streets; see them in the muddy walls of the Sankore Mosque; or discover them underneath the spiked rises of the Djingareiber.

Gao’s fortunes have ebbed and flowed over the centuries like the ups and downs of a yoyo.

Once the imperial heart of the great Songhai Empire, the town was later almost entirely abandoned in favour of the new capital at aforementioned Timbuktu.

But Gao clung to life from its place in the very midst of the dusty Sahel.

Its tenacious locals maintained their mud-brick, mat-built yurts and life went on.

Today, that makes Gao a great place to glimpse the earthy, ancient character of Mali, while craft markets, the acclaimed Sahel Museum, and 15th-century sepulchres like the Askia Tomb (yep, it’s supposed to look like Egypt’s pyramids!) add a whole host of cultural draws to the mix.

Get the haggling valves and the shopping glands ready for that trip to Bamako: Mali’s largest and most frenetic city, where bazaars touting everything from carved folklore figurines to stacks of pungent spices cluster around the street corners and the sun-baked squares.

The nation’s capital, there’s something undeniably likable about this sprawling metropolis of more than 1.5 million.

It’s got palpable energy and an indelible lived-in feel.

The nightlife pulses to a medley of West African samba; the jazz bars are packed with beer drinkers on the weekends; fried plantains sizzle on grills from neighbourhood to neighbourhood; tuk-tuks purr, and traffic toots!

There are few sites in all of Mali – nay, all of north-west Africa – as impressive as the historic city of Djenné.

Crowned at the center by the adobe rises of one fascinating Great Mosque, it is known for its distinctive mud-brick architecture and long history as a spot on the old caravan routes across the Sahel and Sahara.

Made rich by the passing of minerals and precious metals (and – of course – slaves), the town boomed during the 15th and 16th centuries.

The great worshipping house in its heart stands as testimony to the revered religious center Djenné became (even though it’s a later reconstruction of an older mosque), while the nearby archaeological excavations at Djenné-Djenno have shown the town to be one of the oldest in the entire Niger basin.

Straddling the courses of the Bani River, just a stone’s throw from where that desert-shrouded tributary meets the mighty Niger, Mopti has positioned itself as one of Mali’s most important riparian ports.

But Mopti is also more than just an up-river trading center – it’s also the gateway to the fascinating tribal territories of Dogon, which come peppered with adobe villages and the semi-nomadic folk of the Bandiagara Escarpment.

There are oodles (and we mean oodles) of tour providers in Mopto, offering trips into this wild hinterland for cultural encounters, while boat trips to Timbuktu and sightseeing outings around the marketplaces and grand central mosques are also on the menu.

Small little Ségou is a town of just over 130,000 people.

It was once the beating epicentre of the Bambara Kingdom – a power that ruled over the lands of central Mali until around the turn of the 19th century.

Today, its prowess and capital title are gone, but the city still has a few relics from that glorious time.

Check out the tomb of Biton Mamary Coulibaly, the onetime monarch of the Bambaras, or the bustling port sides, which were once the trading powerhouse of the town.

Ségou is also famed for its wealth of charming French colonial architecture.

This can be found fringing the inner streets in a medley of Parisian facades and romantic governmental houses.

Rising in a wall of ochre-hued stone from the midst of the Sahelian wilds of south-central Mali, the great escarpment of rock known as Mount Hombori is like West Africa’s answer to Australia’s Uluru.

It hulks above the horizon just a short distance from the town of the same name; a place of creaking wagons, winding alleyways and low-rise rock homes inhabited by the welcoming Dogon peoples.

The biggest pull is certainly the great bluff though, and travelers now flock here to join intrepid 4X4 excursions into the sands, or to unearth the fascinating past currently being uncovered by archaeologists in the cave systems that carve their way deep into the mountain’s subterrane.

Sikasso is, and always has been, a mercantile town at heart.

Nestled close to the multi-state join of Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast and Guinea, it’s benefited from a location that’s able to connect Africa’s landlocked heart with the ports that pepper the Atlantic seaboard.

That trading history still pops up today, between the throbbing and frenetic fruit and veg markets that erupt ad hoc on virtually every block right throughout the week.

And Sikasso also has one other claim to fame.

In the late 19th century it was raised to the status of imperial capital; an honour decided on by king Tieba Traoré, whose own mother hailed from the spot.

The rises of Mamelon Hill are the place to go to trace that story.

Delineated by the meanders of the Senegal River, Kayes continues to bustle and thrum to the sound of market traders and salesmen.

In fact, the passage of goods was the very raison d’être (notice the language) for the town, which was first built up by the French in the 1880s to facilitate the movement of produce to and fro from neighbouring West African countries.

Travelers can come and wallow in the lively vibes of the place, seek out little trinkets and multi-coloured fruits and vegetables in the market, and sip coffees in the shadow of pretty Parisian-style builds.

And away from the town there are even more points of interest, like the Félou Falls, the roaring cataracts of the Gouina Falls, and the relics of the formidable Medina Fort.

10. Boucle du Baoulé National Park

Sprawling out over nearly one million hectares in the middle of West Africa’s wildlife-rich Sudano-Guinean zone, the Boucle du Baoulé National Park is unquestionably one of the jewels of the Malian hinterland.

The territory can be found close to the town of Kayes, cut through by rising ridges of Sahelian rocks and peppered with the remains of countless pre-historic troglodyte settlements.

And despite recent troubles scaring away most of the eco-tourists, the fauna has hardly changed.

Expect giraffes and rare simians, gazelles and even the occasional lion!

11. Ansongo

Occupying the western edge of the great nature reserve which shares its name (and the name of the town of Menaka on the far eastern side of the park’s boundaries), Ansongo is perhaps the youngest of all the places on this list.

Far from being one of Mali’s fabled imperial centers, this one was purpose-built back in 1996. The reason? To cultivate the fertile Sahelian plains that roll out to the north, west, east and south.

That means visitors can spot camel herds grazing and sorghum grasses swaying all along the flood plains of the Niger River here.

And when it’s time to hit the aforementioned reserve of Faune D’Ansongo-Menake, you can look forward to gazelles and hippos, crocs and sand cats.

One of the major hot points in the recent factional struggles that have beset Mali, Kidal sits deep in the region of the Azawad – the territory that unilaterally declared independence back in 2012 to trigger some of the bloodiest conflicts the heart of central West Africa has seen in recent years.

However, its lately troubles aside, Kidal remains a place steeped in the traditions of the Tuaregs nomad folk, who still inhabit the vast sand plains of the greater Kidal Region.

And the city showcases their traditions too, in both architecture and craft making.

Oh, and be sure to check out the remnants of the French colonial fortress in the city before departing!

13. Douentza

Encompassed by otherworldly landscapes of carved rock bluffs and dust-devil-scarred plains, the region of Douentza is a great place to get to grips with the wildernesses that characterise the Malian Sahel.

Douentza town sits at the heart of it all, ticking over with its sleepy Berber vibes and small marketplaces.

Another point of great contention during Mali’s recent upheavals, this one has flitted between control of the Azawad liberators, the government and various Islamist groups in the past couple of years.

And while the military struggles continue to simmer, the hinterland here continues to host the traipsing Gourma elephants, who pass this way on their annual migration – what a sight!

14. Bandiagara

Like Mopti before it, Bandiagara is the place to go for cultural encounters with the Dogon folk of the Malian plateaux.

Little more than a trading town with a few humble marketplaces and emporiums touting traditional Dogon trinkets and foodstuffs, the real draws actually lie away from the center here – except for that interesting Toucouleur imperial building on the central drag! We’re talking about the UNESCO-attested reaches of the great Bandiagara Escarpment.

This land of verdant plains and rock-ribbed cliffs is steeped in tribal history.

You’ll see the abandoned hamlets of the Tellem folk, mud-caked mosques carved into the mountains, and some of the most beautiful backcountry in the region!

15. Taoudenni

Taoudenni really is like nothing else in Mali.

Languishing out in the sun-scorched heart of the Sahara Desert, it continues to function for one purpose only: salt mining.

The settlement itself is actually constructed on the dried-up bed of an old saline lake.

Workers come to carve great slabs of salt from the earth, which are then loaded onto some of the last remaining camel caravans in the world and trekked south to Mopti and other trading cities.

There’s also the ruins of an old and infamous prison to see here, built in the 1960s by the onetime ruler Moussa Traoré.

15 Best Places to Visit in Mali:

• Boucle du Baoulé National Park

Top Things to Do in Mali

Places to visit in mali, explore popular experiences, popular cities in mali.

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Mali Travel Guide

Travel & Tourism

Mali is one of the most peaceful nations on the African continent. The country has a great culture, friendly people, and breathtaking landscapes. This West African gem typically entices the more adventurous traveler with its wonderful outdoor excursions.

Mali is home to a great many legendary characters: the Tuareg desert nomads, recognizable by their deep blue garments, the ancient and mystical society of the cliff-dwelling Dogon, and the internationally renowned musicians Salif Keita and Ali Farka Touré. It is a nation that exists in harmony with its shining past and celebrates it by preserving musical, religious, cultural, and culinary traditions.

Mali held its first democratic elections in 1992, in which Alpha Oumar Konaré was peacefully installed as president of the republic. In 2002, Amadou Toumani Touré succeeded Konaré in elections deemed democratic and fair and was reelected in 2007. Touré will continue to lead the Malians until 2012.

What to Do in Mali

1. Bamako:  Mali’s capital is a colorful, throbbing metropolis that’s home to several museums displaying Mali’s rich history and culture, such as the Musée National. Shop in Bamako’s many markets, wander the tree-lined boulevards, and sample both traditional Malian cuisine and international fare. The nightlife and the music scene in Bamako are legendary. This city makes the perfect first stop on your Mali adventure.

2. Mali’s Rivers:  Mali’s largest and longest river is the Niger. The third-longest river in Africa, the Niger plays an important role in Mali’s economy and its population’s mobility. Taking a boat to get from one city to another is not only a great way to explore Mali but also a fine way to get around. It is also possible to hire pirogues or catch a ferry on the Bani and Sénégal rivers.

3. Djenné:  Visit the oldest known city in sub-Saharan Africa and one of the most important centers of Islamic education in Mali. It’s home to the largest mud-built structure in the world, the Great Mosque. It is easy to find a guide to show you around the Old Town; in fact, one will probably approach you as soon as you arrive. However, we recommend hiring a guide with Mali’s tourism bureau in advance. Arrange to visit the mud-dyed tapestry workshops of Djenné, where these beautiful traditional works of art can be purchased.

4. Dogon Country:  The Dogon people have lived along the 250-kilometer Bandiagara Escarpment for thousands of years, once in houses carved out of the rocks. Today they live mostly in small villages on the plateau beneath the cliffs. There are no cars in the Dogon, and the only way to get around is by hiking or hitching a ride on a donkey-drawn cart. Learn about the Dogon through their mask dances and wooden sculptures, and fall asleep on the tops of adobe houses under a dark sky spattered with stars.

5. Fatima’s Hand:  Located in the Hombori Mountains is Fatima’s Hand, a natural rock formation perfect for rock climbing. For those who like to climb outdoors, this is one of the best and most beautiful places in Mali to visit.

6. Boucle de Baoule National Park:  Given that much of Mali’s wildlife has disappeared under the hands of poachers, an animal safari will be hard to come by. But if you want to experience wildlife, the Boucle de Baoule National Park is your destination. The park covers 800,000 hectares of protected land where visitors can observe a myriad of birds and, if they’re lucky, even some lions. Also of interest in the park are ancient Malinke tombs and rock art.

7. Segou:  The second-largest city in Mali and capital of the former Bambara kingdom, Segou sits on the Niger River, in the agricultural heart of the country. Among its highlights are the town’s famous pottery, the Niono mosque, and the colonial architecture of the city’s administrative buildings. We also recommend taking short pirogue rides on the Niger to neighboring villages.

8. Mopti:  This city is often referred to as the Venice of Africa because of its busy river port, built hundreds of years ago. Originally a small fishing village, Mopti is now a major trade center. The Moroccan-Sudanese architecture of some of Mopti’s neighborhoods, as well as the main mosque, is worth checking out. Enjoy the bustle of port life, and visit the Marché des Souvenirs for trinket shopping.

9. Sahara Desert Excursion:  Have you always dreamed of riding a camel through the Sahara desert and camping in the dunes under cold, starry skies? The Sahara stretches over much of northern Mali, and desert excursions with experienced guides can be arranged from Timbuktu or Kidal. These excursions have lately been discouraged due to activity by Islamic extremist groups, but do your research thoroughly beforehand.

10. Timbuktu:  Founded in the 12th century, Timbuktu is a city in the north of Mali. In 1988 it became a World Heritage Site, but Timbuktu has always been considered a special place. Also known as “the mysterious city,” Timbuktu has long enticed foreign travelers. Visit the Djinguereber mosque, and admire the mix of Berber, Andalusian, and Egyptian architecture of this city.

11. Bandiagara Escarpment : Is an escarpment in the Dogon country of Mali. The sandstone cliff rises about 500 meters above the lower sandy flats to the south. It has a length of approximately 150 kilometers. The Cliffs of Bandiagara are a sandstone chain ranging from south to northeast over 200 km and extending to the Grandamia massif. The end of the massif is marked by the Hombori Tondo, Mali’s highest peak at 1,115 meters.

12. Tomb of Askia : Located in Gao, its believed to be the burial place of Askia Mohammad I, one of the Songhai Empire’s most prolific emperors. It was built at the end of the fifteenth century and is designated as a UNESCO World Heritage Site. UNESCO describes the tomb as a fine example of the monumental mud-building traditions of the West African Sahel.

13. Mount Hombori : Located in the Mopti region of modern day Mali, Mount Hombori is a magical place. A vast slab of desert rock, the mountain is over 1,000 metres tall and forms a plateau above the town of Hombori far below. It attracts a constant stream of hikers, climbers and sightseers, thanks to its road link with the airport in Mopti. Visitors can also see the mountain’s fascinating caves, which are one of Mali’s most important archaeological sites. Inhabited for over 2,000 years, these caves are providing an invaluable window into the distant past of the country and the Sahara region.

Though Mali is, by Western standards, hot all year round, it does have three seasons. February through June is dry and hot, especially in March through May. The rainy season lasts from June through November, with more humid and milder weather. November through February is cool and dry; we recommend that period for travelers who struggle with high temperatures.

Getting In and Around

Visas:  Most foreigners visiting Mali need a visa, and all need proof of yellow fever vaccination. One can apply for visas of various durations. Fees vary depending on country of citizenship. Check out the  complete visa requirements for Mali .

For those entering Mali from a bordering country, short-term tourist visas can be purchased at the border. Be sure to photocopy the first three pages of your passport, including the page containing your visa, and keep the photocopies separate from your passport in case it should be lost or stolen.

Transportation:  It is possible to rent a car or a four-by-four to get around Mali, though we recommend hiring a driver along with your vehicle. Outside of urban areas, roads are often unpaved or in poor condition.

A number of bus companies operate throughout Mali, most with hubs in Bamako. Buses traveling to small towns often do not run on set schedules, and they depart when they are full; make sure your schedule is flexible! Otherwise, buses to bigger cities are generally on time. Most roads in Mali are unpaved, so whether you are driving or being driven, be prepared for a bumpy ride.

It is also possible to travel by boat to and from cities along the Niger, Bani, and Sénégal rivers. The largest company running ferries up and down the Niger River between Bamako and Mopti is called COMANAV. You can catch the boats at various ports. This mode of transportation, while scenic, is extremely slow.

Mobile Phones:  Even if you have an international plan on your mobile phone, making local calls or calls back home can be very expensive. If you plan on needing or using a phone while traveling, we’d recommend renting a SIM card or buying a prepaid mobile phone and adding minutes as needed.

Safety and Security

Concerned about your safety as you plan to travel to Mali? We at Africa.com, together with our friends, family, and colleagues, travel extensively throughout the continent. Here are the resources we consult when thinking of our safety in Mali:

•  UK Government Mali Travel Advice Guidance

Africa.com comment: Very timely and frequently updated. Perspective assumes that you ARE going to travel to Mali, and seeks to give you good guidance so that you understand the risks and are well informed.

• U.S. State Department Travel Advisory on Mali

Africa.com comment: Can sometimes be considered overly conservative and discourage travel altogether to destinations that many reasonable people find acceptably secure. On the other hand, they have the resources of the CIA to inform them, so they know things that the rest of us don’t know. See what they have to say about Mali.

Local Advice

1. Mali is the largest country in West Africa, slightly less than twice the size of Texas and roughly five times the size of Great Britain. It is divided into eight regions that are further divided into circles, which are subdivided into arrondissements. The autonomous District of Bamako is the home of Mali’s capital, Bamako.

2. The currency in Mali is the CFA franc, which is also used throughout the rest of French-speaking West Africa. The symbol for the West African CFA franc is XOF.

3. Mali is a predominantly Muslim country (90 percent of the population follows Islam). Alcohol is still widely available and consumed, though, as are cigarettes. It is important not to wear revealing clothing, especially when visiting a mosque or religious site.

4. The official language in Mali is French. Bambara is spoken by 80 percent of Malians and is often used for trade and administrative purposes. It is difficult to find English speakers in Mali, so we recommend learning a few basic French or Bambara phrases to get by.

5. The type of food available to travelers varies depending on where you go in Mali. In Bamako, one can find anything from pizza places to Vietnamese restaurants. Standard fare throughout the rest of the country includes freshly baked baguettes (a vestige of French colonialism), millet in all shapes and forms (but most commonly served as a paste called tô), rice, meats such as goat and beef, peanut sauces, and capitaine, a freshwater fish found in the Niger River. Outside of Bamako and other major tourist destinations, most restaurants will offer only one or two dishes, often made from the ingredients mentioned above.

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Plan Your Trip to Mali: Best of Mali Tourism

Essential Mali

Mali Is Great For

Eat & drink.

• 1.1 Southern Mali
• 1.2 Northern Mali
• 3 Other destinations
• 4.1 History
• 4.2 Climate
• 4.4 Holidays
• 5.1 Visa requirements
• 5.2 By plane
• 5.3 By train
• 5.6 By boat
• 6.2 By taxi brousse
• 6.3 By taxi
• 6.4 By private car
• 6.5 By plane
• 6.6 By boat
• 6.7 By train
• 10.2 Shopping
• 16 Stay safe
• 17.1 Vaccinations
• 17.2 Malaria
• 17.3 Food and water

A landlocked country in the Sahel , Mali remains one of the poorest countries in the world, but it has wonderful musicians and some incredible sights, including four UNESCO World Heritage sites and the historic city of Timbuktu .

Southern Mali

Northern Mali

• 12.645833 -7.992222 1 Bamako — the booming capital and largest city by far, fastest growing city in Africa, with a good claim to be the music capital of West Africa.
• 16.266667 -0.05 2 Gao — small city on the Niger in the far east of the country, one time capital of the Songhai Empire, and home to the Tomb of Askia.
• 14.449694 -11.43675 3 Kayes — Mali's westernmost big city, by the border with Senegal , and best known for being the hottest continuously inhabited location in Africa .
• 18.433333 1.4 4 Kidal — a remote Tuareg city, with notoriety as a centre of the Tuareg rebel movement and for Al Qaeda activity.
• 14.4873 -4.1896 5 Mopti — a city across three islands in the middle of the Niger; gateway to Dogon Country .
• 13.45 -6.266667 6 Ségou — Mali's third largest city and one-time capital of the Bamana Empire.
• 11.316667 -5.666667 7 Sikasso — Mali's second largest city and one-time capital of the Kénédougou Empire.
• 16.773333 -2.999444 8 Timbuktu — the legendary Saharan city of gold, trans-Saharan trade, and Islamic scholarship is nowadays a (fairly commercialized) centre of Tuareg culture.

Other destinations

• 19.116667 1.75 1 Adrar des Ifoghas — a sandstone plateau in the Sahara home to rock paintings, salt mines operated for centuries, and a surprising array of wildlife.
• 13.9 -4.55 2 Djenné — once a religious and commercial centre to rival Timbuktu, this small town of multi-storey mud buildings is quite a sight. It has declared a World Heritage site by UNESCO. Seeing Djenné from a rooftop offers an intriguing and unusual landscape, with its soft texture, rounded lines and melancholic colouring. It also features the largest mosque in the world made completely out of mud, which is restored every year by the community after the rainy season.
• The Niger Inland Delta where the Niger splits into many rivers across a broad floodplain, which forms a giant lake on the edge of the desert during the rainy season.

The Sudanese Republic and Senegal became independent of France on 22 Sept 1960 as the Mali Federation. Senegal withdrew after only a few months, and the Sudanese Republic was renamed Mali. The country was then governed by dictatorships until 1991. In 1992 the country's first democratic presidential elections were held.

Just under half the population is less than 15 years old. The great majority of Malians are Muslim, some also practice indigenous beliefs, and a tiny number are Christian. Around 10% of the population is nomadic. Most Malians work in agriculture and fishing.

Mali was once part of three famed West African empires which controlled trans-Saharan trade in gold, salt, slaves, and other precious commodities. These Sahelian kingdoms had neither rigid geopolitical boundaries nor rigid ethnic identities. The earliest of these empires was the Ghana Empire which expanded throughout West Africa from the 8th century until 1078.

The Mali Empire later formed on the upper Niger, and reached the height of power in the 14th century. Under the Mali Empire, the ancient cities of Djenné and Timbuktu were centres of both trade and Islamic learning. Mansa Musa, who ruled in the early 14th century, is regarded as the wealthiest person in history (est. $400 billion adjusted for inflation!) owing to the Malian Empire's production of gold & salt. He used this wealth to build some of the impressive mosques still to be found around the country. The empire later declined, and was being supplanted by the Songhai Empire. The Songhai people originated in current northwestern Nigeria . In the late 14th century, the Songhai gradually gained independence from the Mali Empire and expanded until eventual collapse largely due to a Moroccan invasion in 1591. The fall of the Songhai Empire marked the end of the region's role as a trading crossroads. Following the establishment of sea routes by European powers, the trans-Saharan trade routes lost significance.

In the colonial era, Mali fell under the control of the French beginning in the late 19th century. By 1905, most of the area was under firm French control as a part of French Sudan. In early 1959, Mali (then the Sudanese Republic) and Senegal united to become the Mali Federation and gained independence from France on June 20, 1960. Senegal withdrew from the federation in August 1960, which allowed the Sudanese Republic to form the independent nation of Mali on September 22, 1960.

The country's climate ranges from tropical savannah (trees and grass, with tree density increasing as one travels south) in the south to arid desert in the north, with the Sahel in between. Much of the country receives negligible rainfall; droughts are frequent. Late May or early June (depending on how north one is) to mid or late October or early November is the rainy season. During this time, flooding of the Niger River is common, creating the Inner Niger Delta. After the rainy season is a cooler period when many plants are still green; this is from early November to around early February. From mid February until the rains start in May or June is the hot, dry, period, with daytime temperatures reaching maximum in March and April. This time of year is hot and extremely parched.

Mali consists of diverse Sub-Saharan ethnic groups sharing similar, historic, cultural and religious traditions. Various Mandé ethnicities (e.g., Bambara, Khassonké, Mandinka and Soninké) constitute more than half of Mali's population. Other significant ethnic groups include the Fula, Tuaregs and Moors, known as Azawagh Arabs.

• New Year's Day (January 1)
• Army Day (January 20)
• Martyrs Day (March 26)
• Easter Monday
• Eid al Fitr (Islamic religious observance)
• Independence Day (September 22)
• Christmas Day (December 25)

Visa requirements

Mali is not a country you can just waltz into. There are few visa-free arrangements in place, and thus, almost everyone requires a visa to visit the country .

Visas are not required for citizens of Algeria , Andorra , Benin , Burkina Faso , Cameroon , Cape Verde , Chad , Côte d'Ivoire , Indonesia , Gambia , Ghana , Guinea , Guinea-Bissau , Liberia , Macau , Mauritania , Monaco , Morocco , Niger , Nigeria , Senegal , Sierra Leone , Togo and Tunisia .

If you require a visa to visit the country, you must possess a valid passport and you must submit the following: visa application forms, passport photos, a travel itinerary, flight tickets, and an invitation letter from a Malian organisation or individual (a hotel reservation will normally suffice for a tourist visa).

Visa fees tend to be expensive . For US citizens, it costs $131 to get a Malian visa (regardless of the type). Other citizens of other countries may have to pay even more money to get a Malian visa, so keep an eye out. As a general rule of thumb, the longer you intend to stay, the more expensive the visa will be.

At the Malian Embassy in Dakar , Senegal, a 30-day visa costs CFA25,000 (2018).

Air France flies daily non-stop from Paris Charles de Gaulle to Bamako (and return). Royal Air Maroc is a little cheaper than Air France and has daily flights from Europe and New York via Casablanca in Morocco . There are also smaller companies, such as Point Afrique , who fly cheaply to & from Mali in the busy tourist season. Air France and RAM arrive and depart in the middle of the night - so even if you are planning a budget trip it may be worth splurging for a nice hotel the first night where you can make real reservations and maybe even get picked up at the airport. TAP Portugal also flies daily from Lisbon.

Many African and pan-African airlines fly into Mali , for example: Ethiopian Airlines, Air Mauritania, Tunisair , Afriqiyah Airways and numerous others. Some of these airlines also have feature connections to Mopti.

The airport is about 20 minutes drive from the centre of Bamako . There are fixed rates for taxis to different parts of town: to find them, cross the roadway in front of the airport and go the right-hand end of the block of kiosks. You will see a group of taxi drivers and a board with prices. In Aug 2007, the price was CFA7,500.

However, if you know the local language enough, you might be able to bargain the official price down to CFA4,000 or even CFA3,000, especially if you arrive during the day. Make sure you board an official taxi though (see the Stay Safe section below). There is even well-hidden restaurant: follow the exit road past the barrier, and it is on the right, surrounded by trees, about 50 m from the terminal building. They're very friendly and serve basic but filling and tasty snacks. For getting back to the airport from Bamako, try negotiating hard and you may get a rate significantly cheaper than the set rates for the airport to Bamako.

If you fly Royal Air Maroc, beware that Casablanca Airport is notorious for opening checked-in bags and removing valuables. Also luggage can arrive late.

As is common with many other airports, there will be people trying to push you into unauthorised taxis and to change money, and some are even allowed into the airport terminal itself. Avoid them.

The only rail line, between Bamako and Dakar , has not operated since the summer of 2009. For more info .

There are several ways to get to Mali by car.

The most popular routes are from Senegal (especially since the Dakar-Bamako trains stopped) and Burkina Faso. The road from Gao to Niamey has been paved and a bridge is being built in Gao so the entire journey from Niamey to Bamako can be completed on paved (if not remote) roads.

There are also decent land crossings from Mauritania (paved) & Guinea. The Ivorian crossing leads into a region of northern Cote d'Ivoire controlled by rebels and, while fairly safe, will lead you through countless roadblocks and "officials" demanding bribes; if travelling to southern Cote d'Ivoire, you're better off travelling through Burkina Faso & Ghana.

There is a remote desert crossing with Algeria near Tessalit, but it is dangerous (prone to banditry and used for smuggling) and remote. It may be closed to tourists; even if not, the Algerian side is dangerous (banditry and al Qaeda extremists!) and requires a military escort.

It is possible to reach Mali by bus directly from a variety of African cities. These include, but are not limited to, Dakar , Ouagadougou , Abidjan , Niamey & Accra .

There is public transport almost all the way from Europe to Mali be it buses or bush-taxis. The only exception is from Dakhla, Western Sahara, to Noudhibou, Mauritania where you can easily get a ride with a Mauritanian trader.

Mali has two large rivers that are navigable at least part of the year, both of which cross into neighbouring countries, although only the Niger has much in the way of pirogues.

• The Senegal River crosses into Mali from Guinea in the south and follows a northwest course into Senegal .
• The Niger crosses into, appropriately enough, Niger . Large boats are only active August-November and do not continue far past the border, but small pirogues regularly ply between Gao and Niamey with many stops along the way.

The main cities along the paved road into the north are connected via bus (Bamako, Segou, San, Mopti, Gao). A separate paved loop runs through the south (Bamako, Bougouni, Sikasso, Koutiala, Segou) There are many different companies with different schedules but they all have more or less the same prices. Normally a ride to Mopti (600km, half the way up), endures approximately nine hours; a ride to Gao at least 12. All times are very rough, however, and few bus companies will even give you an estimated arrival time as different drivers drive different speeds and it is not improbable that the bus breaks down and needs a repair or stops to help another bus. It is usually possible to make a reservation several days before, recommended during the tourist season, though one rarely has a problem just showing up 30-60 minutes before the bus leaves. More reliable companies include Bittar, Bani and Banimonotie (Sikasso region) among others.

Bus companies:

• Bittar Transportation

By taxi brousse

To get around one can take the "Taxi - Brousse", the bush taxis. They are the main connection between towns which aren't connected via bus. They are very slow and they sometimes break down or stop to help other broken down taxis. So sometimes the ride takes longer than expected. Unlike the buses, these rarely run on a set schedule, so you generally just need to show up at the station (in a larger town) or sit by the roadside (in smaller villages) and wait for the next to come along - locals may be able to give you some idea what to expect.

In any larger city, taxis will be plentiful and are usually an easy way for the tourist to get where they are going without trying to figure out the local public transport system (if one even exists). Be prepared to bargain, as they will generally try to overcharge you - in Bamako CFA1,000 should get you anywhere in the city during the day (or up to CFA1,500 at night), while crossing the river will be CFA1,500-2,000. Also, tell the driver clearly if you do not know the location of the place you want to go, as they are rarely forthcoming about admitting that they don't know it and will often expect you to give directions, especially if it is not a popular or common destination.

By private car

A good option for a larger group or travellers who value comfort over economy is to rent a private car. A 4x4 is strongly recommended if you will be leaving the main highways (this includes the trip to Timbuktu). There are very few asphalt roads, and they are all single-carriageway outside towns, though most are in good condition. One leads into the North of the country (Bamako, Segou, San, Mopti, Gao), another branches off after Segou to cross the Niger at the Markala dam and goes as far as Niono, while another goes from Bamako to Sikasso and on into Ivory Coast. There are private people who rent out their 4x4 cars for a ride (in which case make sure you've got insurance and a carnet de passage , and plenty of petrol), but generally renting a car means renting a car and driver. This is strongly recommended as Malian roads and drivers can be unpredictable and the vehicles unreliable (better to have the driver figure out what that loud rattle is or why the engine started smoking!).

Travel within Bamako can be difficult for the business traveller and leisure tourist alike. One of the best options is to rent a car with a chauffeur. This can be done on a by-day basis and is an enormous help for someone that is new to the city. When trying to visit numerous places in one day, it becomes difficult to rely on the local taxi system. The chauffeur is a local resident and will know most of the names of the places that you need to go. There is no hassle in finding a parking spot as the chauffeur can wait for you while you attend to the business at hand.

For the tourist, this option can be your solution to seeing the city of Bamako in a care-free manner. Trips out of the city are available as well, although the fare can be somewhat higher than intra-city rates. Gas is an additional cost to the renter. A distinguished man by the name of Aldiouma (pronounced al-Jew-ma) Togo runs a classy operation is open to negotiation for rates. Usually around CFA25,000-30,000 per day for intra-city use. Slightly less than double that fee for extra-city travel. His info: Aldiouma Togo: Cell: +223 642-6500 Home: +223 222-1624 [email protected]

It is possible to travel across Mali by plane, as numerous companies have sprung up. It is possible to fly (usually from Bamako) to cities such as: Mopti, Timbuktu, Kayes, Yelimané, Gao, Kidal, Sadiola, and others.

The planes, typically, are Czech turboprops (LET-410s) and small Russian jetliners (Yakovlev YAK-40s). Air travel in Mali is fast but, compared to a bus ride, expensive. It is not, however, foolproof - often you are at the mercy of the carrier, who may choose not to fly on a certain day if too few passengers show up! You can generally get tickets at the airport before flights, however the best bet is to book a ticket in advance.

Société Transport Aerienne (STA) and Société Avion Express (SAE) are the two most popular, and most reliable, carriers.

It is possible to travel around Mali by boat, however this is very seasonal. The most common option, only really possible in the wet season, is a barge to/from Timbuktu. There are also very small boats, "pirogues" in French, which are available to be hired almost anywhere - they are essentially large canoes. When the big boats are not running you can still charter a pinasse (like a big, motorised pirogue). Or use one of the public pinasses. These will run for another 3 months or so before the water levels being too low for them as well. You can navigate the river all the way from near Bamako to Gao, though the level drops more rapidly in the portion between Bamako and Mopti.

Rail services in Mali are limited to a twice- or thrice-weekly train between Bamako and Kayes .

In a constitutional reform in 2023, French was demoted from its official language status, but it remains the lingua franca for communication between interethnic groups. Bambara (or Bamanankan in the language itself), along with numerous other African languages (Peulh/Fula, Dogon, and Tamashek, the language of the Tuareg people), are spoken by 80% of the population. Few people speak French outside bigger towns, and even Bambara gets rare in some regions. Very few people speak English. A Songhai phrasebook is available on the French Wikivoyage .

The Great Mosque of Djenné , built in 1907, is made completely of mud, and it has five stories and three towers. Every spring the people replaster the Mosque. Regrettably, entrance to non-Muslims is not allowed. Apparently this prohibition is a consequence of a fashion photo-shoot held by Vogue inside the mosque in 1996, which was regarded by the locals as "pornographic".

Sites and cultural landscapes making up the Mali Empire can be seen in different parts of the country.

• Cruise the Niger River on a traditional pirogue.

The currency of the country is the West African CFA franc , denoted CFA (ISO currency code: XOF ). It's also used by seven other West African countries. It is interchangeable at par with the Central African CFA franc (XAF), which is used by six countries. Both currencies are fixed at a rate of 1 euro = 655.957 CFA francs.

The West African CFA franc is envisioned to be reformed into the "eco" as the unified currency of all West African countries (the CFA is mainly used by former French colonies in the region). As of 2023, the change is planned for 2027.

There are plenty of crafts in Mali. Various ethnic groups have their own, trademark masks. There are some great musical instruments; blankets; bogolas (a type of blanket); silver jewellery, and leather goods. The Touareg people, in particular, produce attractive silver and leather goods, including jewellery, daggers, spears, swords and boxes. Local music also makes good souvenirs.

All Ecobank ATMs in Mali take Mastercard and Visa card for cash withdrawal. A list of locations is shown on their web site .

The most universal Malian dish is rice with sauce, often peanut "tiga diga na," tomato/onion/oil or leaf/okra based which is usually served some fish or meat if purchased or prepared for guests. "To", a gelatinous corn or millet food served with sauce, is another Malian classic, though more a village food than something most tourists would encounter. In the north, couscous is also quite common.

In the largest cities, decent "western" restaurants can be found, charging near western prices. Bamako even has good Chinese, Vietnamese, Italian, Lebanese and more. In smaller places, the standard Malian restaurant serves chicken or beef with fries and/or salad - usually edible and affordable, but boring and not particularly Malian. The better places in the more touristy areas may also have some local specialities. "Street food" is a lot more fun (and super cheap) - breakfast will be omelet sandwiches, lunch is usually rice with a couple sauces to choose from, and dinner presents many options including beans, spaghetti cooked in oil and a little tomato, potatoes, fried rice, chicken, meatballs, beef kebabs, fish, and salad. You can find little tables along the roadsides and near transport centers.

Snacks you may find for sale include little cakes (especially in bus stations), various fried doughs (either sweet or with hot sauce), peanuts, roasted corn if in season, sesame sticks, and frozen juices in little plastic sacks. Fresh fruit is widely available and always delicious. Some of the best are mangoes, papaya, watermelon, guavas, bananas and oranges - the particular selection depends on the season.

Of course, as in any tropical, underdeveloped country, food borne disease is a major concern for the traveller. The main culprits for diarrhea are untreated water (especially in rural areas) and fruits and vegetables which have not been peeled or soaked in bleach water - salads (even in fancy restaurants!) are likely to cause problems. Food, especially meat, should be thoroughly cooked; this is likely more an issue with Western food in restaurants than with Malian foods which are usually cooked for hours. Drink bottled water, and consult a doctor about bringing an antibiotic like cipro to treat diarrhea that is severe or does not improve over a couple days.

Treat tap water with suspicion. It is often so heavily chlorinated that one suspects few bugs could possibly survive in it. But short-term visitors will be safer with bottled water. There are several cheap local brands, but be warned that they are only drunk by foreigners and wealthy Malians: don't rely on finding bottled water in shops patronised by "ordinary" Malians. Soft drinks such as Coca-Cola or Fanta are more widely available and safe . Street vendors sell water and home-made ginger and berry drinks in little plastic bags. They are often iced which makes them very refreshing in the heat. Generally, you shouldn't drink these without treating them first.

However, one which is called "bissap" in French and "dabileni" ("red hybiscus") in Bambara, is made from hibiscus flowers that are boiled during preparation, and so generally is safe to drink. It is a particularly delicious non-alcoholic drink you shouldn't miss. In Bamako, it is possible to purchase at most corner stores treated water in small plastic bags for CFA50; these are much cheaper, and of course more environmentally friendly, than bottles. The bags are marked with a brand name; be careful not to mistake them for the tap water that is sold in unmarked plastic bags by street vendors. Also widely sold in this way is sweet milk and yoghurt, which are normally clean because the bags are industrially filled. Fresh milk can also be bought from buckets at the roadside in some villages, although it should always be thoroughly boiled before drinking as it can carry tuberculosis bacteria (often Malians do this before selling, but it is safer to do it yourself or at least ask).

There are various types of accommodation options of various prices and qualities. You will pay USD60-100 per night (and up) for a what would be a decent to nice hotel by western standards. At the other end of the spectrum you can pay about USD5-10 per night for a bed or mattress, usually with mosquito net and sheets, in a room or on the roof. Such places will usually have toilets and showers in a shared facility (think camp site camping with less gear). All tourist areas have hotels or auberges and many places will also have homestays. Sleeping on the roof terrace, if available, is not only the cheapest option but also usually the coolest and gives you the pleasure of sleeping under the stars, which are incredibly bright outside of Bamako because there is so little light pollution. However, use a mosquito net and be prepared to wake to prayer call at 05:00.

Mali has numerous musical instruments you can learn. In particular it is a popular place to learn how to play various drums (bongo, djembe,...)

Mali is one of the poorest countries in the world. The average worker's annual salary is approximately US$1,500. However, seasonal variations lead to regular temporary unemployment of agricultural workers.

Mali is politically unstable and therefore lawlessness is wide spread. In June 2012, Mali was hit by a political crisis and a civil war, which temporarily split the country into two parts: the north being named as "Azawad" and being controlled by a group of Islamist rebels, whilst the south experienced a military junta. Travelling in Timbuktu and Gao provinces is particularly extremely dangerous, and as of July 2012, the Islamist rebel groups have ordered all shrines which are considered to involve idolatry to be destroyed. The U.S., Canada and UK travel advisories have since continued to advise against all travel to Mali at this time .

The train between Bamako and Kayes is notorious for theft: if taking the train, you should exercise extreme caution, carry a pocket flashlight, and keep your belongings with you and valuables directly on your person at all times.

You also have a good chance of encountering the police. They are generally mostly concerned with directing traffic and fining people for improper papers, so you have little to fear from them, but always at least carry a copy of your passport and visa (and preferably the original if keep it secure).

Carrying only a driving license is not sufficient and might lead to a ride to the police office unless you bribe your way out. Notice that the police in Bamako often stop taxis, although this can be somewhat avoided by never putting more than four passengers in the car and by taking only "official" cabs (the ones with the red plates only : in Bamako, a car with white plates is not an official taxi even if it has a taxi sign on top, regardless of what the driver may tell you).

The northeast half of Mali (everything north and east of Mopti Province) is simply not safe for travel, as the murky alliance of Al Qaeda and Tuareg rebel groups have been targeting foreigners for kidnappings . Unfortunately, in late 2011, these kidnappings occurred in other parts of the country as well (including the capital), and tourist-kidnapping by terrorists is a real concern.

Although homosexuality is legal in Mali, an investigation by the Pew Global Attitudes Project in 2007 showed that 98% of Malians surveyed believe that homosexuality is a way of life that should be rejected - a rate similar to Kenya and Egypt. LGBT travellers should be careful with public displays of affection.

Some political restlessness as of July 2020 stemming from the overturning of results of parliamentary polls for 31 seats by the Constitutional Court that resulted in candidates from President Keita's party getting re-elected; there have been protests in the city of Bamako.

Stay healthy

Vaccinations.

Although it is rarely enforced, you are required to have an international vaccination card showing immunization against yellow fever . It is also recommended to get Hepatitis A, Hepatitis B, typhoid, and meningitis vaccinations. You may also consider getting a polio vaccination due to the outbreak of polio in Northern Nigeria that has spread around the region.

Mali is highly endemic for malaria, including s. falciparum malaria, the most acute variety. All travellers should plan to take a malaria prophylaxis throughout their time in Mali (mephloquine and Malarone are the most common). The other main precautions are to use insect repellent in the evenings and to sleep under a mosquito net in all but the fancy, sealed, air-conditioned hotels. This will significantly lower your exposure to malaria as the mosquitoes that carry the parasite are only active at night, but you would want to take these precautions even without the risk of malaria simply to avoid being covered in itchy mosquito bites! You will almost never see or be bothered by mosquitoes during the day.

Food and water

The rule "cook it peel it or forget it" should be followed. Also water should only be drunk out of sealed bottles or after it is sterilized through boiling or chemical utensils. The food is another issue. It's sometimes difficult to know if it's cooked long enough. Also, to Westerners, the unusual spices are sometimes the cause for sickness, especially diarrhea. Also expect little stones or bits of grit in the meal, especially the local couscous (this doesn't mean it's unsafe though, as it has been cooked long and thoroughly). For the traveller the main danger is diarrhea. For mild diarrhea you should be sure to get lots of rest, drink lots of clean water and eat soft plain foods. If the diarrhea is severe or lasts several days, be prepared to take antibiotics. During the illness the body will lose a lot of water and salt. Coca Cola (sugar and water) and pretzel sticks (salt) are available everywhere and can help with recovery. There are also instant powders that have the necessary glucose and salts available to purchase.

Greeting people is very important. You should get familiar with the greetings in French or, better, in Bambara. Vendors should be treated in a proper way, even when you buy just fruit or bread. It is very important to show a general interest in the other person, so ask about family, work, children, and so on. The answer is simple: "Ça va" (It's all right). The interlocutor should not answer in a negative way.

• "Bonjour. ça va?" (Good morning. Are you all right)?
• "Et votre famille?" (And your family?)
• "Et vos enfants?" (And your children?)
• "Et votre travail?" (And your job?).

The history of French colonial rule, and subsequent French domination even following independence, is a sensitive topic. Anti-French sentiment has been rising since the late 2010s, though it is generally the French government and French corporations, not individual French tourists, who are the subject of public anger. On the other other hand, pro-Russian sentiments have also been on the rise, and many Malians are grateful to the Russians for their help in expelling the French military from Mali.

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Everything you need to know before to travel to Mali

Untouched, volatile, yet incredibly rewarding, traveling to Mali promises a raw and adventurous experience.

I traveled to Mali in the summer of 2022 as part of a road trip from Burkina Faso to Mali. It was my first experience traveling to a truly volatile country, and I was extremely cautious about understanding the risks and minimizing them. Given the lack of available information online, navigating Mali required relying on guides and social media forums to access the most up-to-date information.

Indeed, traveling to Mali can be unpredictable, and circumstances can change rapidly. However, with proper planning, the associated risks can be significantly reduced, allowing you to enjoy the best that this country has to offer.

In this guide, I want to provide you with a detailed account of how I planned my trip to Mali and give you tips and advice on how you can plan your own adventure to this destination.

Before the trip

Visas, Mali’s political situation, and securing a reliable guide were the primary concerns during trip planning. Mali is currently among the top five most dangerous countries, yet there’s remarkably little information available about the situation on the ground. Both the UK Foreign Office and the US State Department advise against all travel within the country, and there are only a few embassies available in case of emergencies. As a traveler, you must be prepared to accept these risks and understand the potential consequences of being in a country like Mali during a period of insurgency.

Nevertheless, Facebook groups like “ Africa Backpackers” and “West Africa Travellers” served as valuable sources of information for gauging the country’s volatility at any given time. Additionally, the news channel Al Jazeera was a reliable source that helped me better comprehend the risks I was undertaking and kept me updated on significant developments.

NOTE: It’s important to understand that Mali doesn’t have to be inherently dangerous, but the level of risk you’re willing to accept ultimately depends on your personal choices. Some travelers may seek social media likes and followers by sharing videos of their journeys to places like Timbuktu and northern Mali, but it’s a risk that may not be worth taking.

Visas and getting in

In contrast to other West African nations where obtaining a visa can be quite a hassle, the process for securing a Malian visa is refreshingly straightforward. Mali has approximately 40 diplomatic missions worldwide, and each one of them accepts visa applications. I obtained my Mali visa from the Mali Embassy in Berlin . The required documents included a standard visa application, an invitation letter (or proof of hotel accommodation), a passport photo, and a fee of 80 EUR . The entire process took just 7 days.

Additional Info: While my visa application took a week, Joan Torres from Against the Compass managed to acquire his visa in just 10 minutes in Nouakchott. He wrote an excellent guide about traveling in Mali last year, which you can find at this link.

For those applying from Europe, Mali has embassies in the following cities:

When it comes to entering the country, Mali offers several connections from key African and European cities. In 2023, there are daily flights from Paris (CDG), which is the preferred option for travelers arriving from America. Turkish Airlines and Ethiopian Airlines provide the most affordable and flexible connections to Bamako for those coming from Europe.

If you’re looking for a full list of all flight connections arriving in Bamako, you can use FlightRadar. This platform provides real-time information on departing flights and destinations.

For additional essential information about taxis, getting around in Bamako, and currency exchange, the WikiTravel page for Mali offers the most up-to-date guidance.

For travelers interested in overland journeys to Mali, the borders to Senegal, Guinea, Cote d’Ivoire, and Burkina Faso are open. I crossed overland from Burkina Faso, and the process was considered “easy” – for African border standards. Still, crossing overland can feel quite unusual. The border between Burkina Faso and Mali consists of a small house with five soldiers and minimal traffic. Additionally, the Malian border officer initially refused to accept my visa and requested an additional tourism permit, which does not exist. Ultimately, we realized we could either wait for 3-4 hours until he allowed us to proceed or pay a 20 USD bribe to move forward. Unfortunately, such situations are common in Africa.

If you plan to travel by car from Burkina Faso, the requirements are quite standard, including insurance for the ECOWAS region and a Carnet de Passage . However, for more precise information, you can consult various Facebook groups focused on overlanding in Africa or visit WikiOverland for additional details.

Getting around

Given the ever-changing situation in Mali, we embarked on our journey with the understanding that plans could shift rapidly. Thus, our top priority was to secure a reliable guide whom we could trust at any given time.

For this trip, I traveled with Marlon Read , a Dutch man who has lived in Burkina Faso for over 25 years. Marlon primarily works as a driver for photographers and journalists in the region. He has an  extensive list of contacts at borders, police checkpoints, and embassies throughout the area. Since that journey in Mali, Marlon has become my go-to driver for any West African expedition. You can reach out to him through his website, Thiosane Travel.

With Marlon as our guide, the responsibility of determining safe and accessible regions fell to him. Unlike other guides who may prioritize quick cash, Marlon possessed good knowledge of the region and understood precisely how far he should take tourists.

Insider Tip: It’s important to note that traveling in Mali can be expensive. Private guides typically charge an average of 300 USD per day solely for transportation. However, we chose this option due to its flexibility and the uniqueness of our itinerary. We booked Marlon for a 15-day period.

Lupine Travel and Against the Compass offer one-week tours to Mali starting at 1800 EUR for those seeking a more budget-friendly alternative. – It is slightly cheaper than traveling independently, but you will travel in a larger group and with less flexibility.

Traveling to Mali with a drone?

I faced no issues whatsoever. The only situation worth noting occurred in the town of Djenne, where I had hoped to fly my drone over the famous Djenne mosque. However, due to ongoing terrorism threats in the city, the local police station advised against it. They were concerned that the sight of a drone, something unfamiliar to the local population, might cause unnecessary panic.

Read more: Everything You Need To Know Before Traveling To South Sudan

My 7-day itinerary in Mali

Given the volatile situation in northern Mali, our journey was focused on exploring the southern part of the country. It’s crucial to keep in mind that any itinerary offered by tour companies at the moment won’t venture into this northern region. If you encounter tours that include destinations like Timbuktu or any locations north of Mopti, be aware that you’re significantly increasing the risk of kidnapping during your trip.

Our journey began by crossing overland from Bobo-Dioulasso in Burkina Faso into Mali. We traveled from Bobo directly to Djenne, where we got a special permission to stay for two nights and experience the bustling and captivating Djenne Thursday Market (a personal highlight of the entire trip). This decision was made at the very last moment, and we were forewarned that we might have to leave the city without notice if unforeseen dangers arrived.

Read more: Which are the coolest travel experiences in Mali

NOTE: We were informed that my friend and I were the first tourists to stay in Djenne for more than one night since 2017. Unfortunately, I was later informed by Marlon that Djenne is currently closed to travelers, and even Lupine Travel tours c annot confirm visits to Djenne.

From Djenne, our journey took us to the cities of Segou and San , with each city being our base for one night. Along the way, we made stops at various villages, allowing us to independently explore their remarkable mud architecture and get deeper into the Fulani culture .

After Segou, we arrived in Bamako , Mali’s capital, where we transitioned back to urban life.

Read more: Best things to do in Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso

What to See in Bamako:

• Bamako Grand Market
• National Museum of Mali
• Bamako Artisan Market
• Bamako Grand Mosque
• The Niger River Promenade
• The Bamako Regional Museum
• Craft Village of Kirina
• Pub Quiz at the Sleeping Camel (every 2 weeks on Saturday)

While in Bamako, we went on a few day trips. One took us to Siby , a town renowned for its incredible rock formations and excellent climbing opportunities. We also visited the Siby waterfall, considered one of the most beautiful waterfalls in Mali.

In the coming weeks, I’ll be providing a more detailed guide to each of these locations.

NOTE: For those with money to spare, Lupine Travel offers a day trip to Timbuktu from Bamako (without an overnight stay). The trip costs approximately 2500 EUR and typically includes you and a small group of rich travelers taking a charter flight to Timbuktu in the morning and returning in the afternoon.

Read more: What are the most bizarre experiences in Burkina Faso

Connectivity Around the Country

The infrastructure in Mali can be challenging. While the main highways are generally in good condition, venturing off these roads often leads to dirt paths in disrepair. Additionally, many villages lack electricity, and in places like Djenne, power cuts from 6PM to 6AM can be particularly inconvenient, especially in the sweltering heat.

To stay connected and powered up, it’s crucial to charge your electronic devices whenever possible. Carrying a reliable power bank is advisable, especially if you anticipate prolonged power outages.

While WIFI connectivity is nearly non-existent in many areas, Mali surprisingly boasts a robust 4G signal. You can easily obtain a SIM card from Orange for less than 5 USD, providing you with sufficient data to use your laptop and access the internet.

Read more: How to plan a trip to Niger

Mali in a Nutshell

• Be prepared to allocate a significant portion of your budget to logistics. Reputable guides often charge higher fees due to their understanding of the country’s situation and their ability to navigate potential challenges.
• On the bright side, accommodation and food costs are generally very affordable throughout Mali, allowing travelers to budget around 20-30 USD per day.
• While a VPN may not be essential, it’s a good idea to have one on hand. Most social media platforms work seamlessly in Mali. However, in the event of a government-mandated media shutdown, having a free VPN app installed on your phone can be a valuable precaution.
• Mali is highly endemic for one of the most dangerous types of Malaria. Some travelers opt not to use anti-malaria pills but prefer to carry them as a precautionary measure. Additionally, using mosquito repellent during your trips can help minimize the risk of infection.
• EcoBank is your most reliable source for taking money. Most banks won’t work with European/American credit cards and you can spend a day trying to get cash. My best and final tip in this article is to bring as much cash as possible (I usually carry 500 EUR and 500 USD). You can also pay for everything you can beforehand.

Read more: Best things to do in Niamey, Niger

MY FAVORITE NATIONAL PARKS

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Bamako Travel Guide: Top 20 Things to Do in Bamako, Mali

Bamako, the pulsating heart of Mali, unfolds along the majestic Niger River, offering a kaleidoscope of experiences that defy expectations. It’s a city where every sunrise illuminates a vibrant mosaic of cultures, histories, and daily life played out against a backdrop of natural beauty and urban dynamism.

A Melting Pot of Markets and Melodies

The grand marché: a bazaar of dreams.

The Grand Marché, Bamako’s bustling epicenter, is not just a market; it’s an adventure. Here, narrow aisles brim with vibrant textiles, aromatic spices, and intricate crafts, each stall narrating its own story of Malian heritage and craftsmanship. The air is thick with the languages of West Africa, a testament to Bamako’s role as a cultural crossroads.

Echoes of Mali’s Musical Soul

In Bamako, music is the lifeblood, a force that permeates the city’s veins. Jazz clubs, tucked away in lively streets, offer a fusion of African rhythms and Western melodies, while traditional griot performances connect the present with the echoes of the past. The city doesn’t just celebrate its musical heritage; it lives it, breathes it.

Journey Through Time and Art

The national museum: a gateway to the past.

Nestled in Bamako’s heart, the National Museum of Mali is a sanctuary of history and culture. Ancient artifacts stand alongside contemporary art, weaving a narrative of Mali’s rich past and vibrant present. The museum’s gardens are a serene escape, where sculptures merge with nature, inviting reflection.

Architectural Harmony

Bamako’s architecture is a visual symphony of styles, from the mud-brick grandeur of the Grande Mosquée to the colonial elegance of the Quartier du Fleuve. The cityscape is a canvas, reflecting Mali’s journey through epochs, each building and monument a note in its harmonious melody.

Culinary Crossroads

The streets of Bamako are a culinary mosaic, where the aromas of street food stalls mingle with the scents of open-air markets. From the hearty flavors of tigadegena (peanut sauce) to the freshness of mafe (meat stew), Bamako’s cuisine invites exploration. It’s a place where food tells the story of a people, rich in diversity and bound by tradition.

Embracing the Niger River

The Niger River, a lifeline, winds through Bamako, shaping its landscape and rhythms. Cruises at dusk offer views of fishermen silhouetted against the setting sun, a timeless scene. The riverbanks come alive with the chatter of markets and the laughter of children playing, a testament to the enduring spirit of the city and its people.

Bamako, with its relentless energy, cultural richness, and historical depth, offers a journey that challenges perceptions and enchants the soul. It’s a city where every corner tells a story, waiting to be discovered, lived, and remembered.

Bamako City Guide: A Brief History Of Bamako, Mali

Nestled along the banks of the Niger River, Bamako, Mali’s bustling capital, tells a story that spans centuries. From its humble beginnings as a seasonal settlement to its rise as a thriving metropolis, Bamako’s history is a fascinating tale of resilience, culture, and transformation. Let’s take a closer look at the layers of history that have shaped this vibrant city.

The Early Days

A seasonal haven.

Originally, Bamako served as a safe haven for traders and travelers. Its strategic location by the Niger River made it a perfect stopover. Markets sprang up. Bamako became a melting pot of cultures and goods.

Village to City

What started as a small village grew exponentially. By the late 19th century, French colonial influence began to shape its destiny. Bamako was on the brink of transformation.

Colonial Crossroads

The french footprint.

In 1883, Bamako came under French control. It quickly evolved into a significant administrative center, railways were constructed, and infrastructures improved. The city’s fabric began to change.

Toward Independence

Despite colonial rule, the spirit of Bamako’s people remained unbroken. The city became a hotspot for anti-colonial movements. By 1960, Mali gained independence, and Bamako was at its heart. The city breathed freedom.

Post-Independence Boom

Capital of a new nation.

With independence came the title of capital for Bamako. It symbolized a new beginning. Development surged. Populations grew. Bamako was shaping into the metropolis we know today.

Cultural Renaissance

Post-independence Bamako experienced a cultural renaissance. Music, art, and literature flourished. The city became known for its vibrant arts scene, echoing Mali’s rich heritage.

Bamako Today

A modern metropolis.

Today, Bamako is a city of contrasts. Skyscrapers tower over traditional mud-brick homes. Bustling markets coexist with modern shopping centers. It’s a place where history and modernity intertwine.

Heart of Mali

Despite its rapid growth, Bamako retains its soul. The Niger River, lifeblood of the city, continues to nurture its lands and people. Festivals, music, and dance remain integral to its identity.

Bamako’s story is one of resilience and growth, a testament to the strength and spirit of its people. From its days as a trading post to its status as a capital city, Bamako has retained its warmth and welcoming nature.

Bamako Top Attractions and Best Places to Visit in Mali

Bamako has had a history of human habitation that stretches well back into pre-historic times. However, colonial times elevated this humble settlement’s importance considerably, as the French made Bamako the capital of French Sudan in the 19th century.

Independence has led to slow and halting progress in Mali since its inception in the mid-20th century, as authoritarian rule, corruption, and terrorism have all done their part to keep the country poor.

However, Bamako contains most of the conveniences which make it a good base, so plan to spend a couple days here on either side of your trip.

Soon after your arrival, check out the Musee National de Bamako . Containing archaeological and anthropological artifacts that tell the story of this nation, this institution is a must for those looking to gain an initial understanding of what Mali is all about.

More Attractions

Throughout its hallways, you’ll find examples of traditional dress, ritualistic items, musical instruments, and other pieces that people have used to live life through previous generations.

Outside, there are scale models of some of this country’s most famous mosques, such as the Grand Mosque of Djenné and the Djingareiber Mosque in Timbuktu, so if you are unable to travel to these parts of Mali, you’ll get an idea of their brilliance by checking out these sculptures.

Mali is a country that is 98% Muslim, but in Bamako, you’ll find the Sacred Heart Cathedral , the most significant Christian structure in this country. While it is a modest church compared to other Christian buildings found elsewhere in the world, the experience of attending mass here is well worth your time, as it is conducted with a rich African flavour.

As mentioned previously, Mali is a majority Muslim country. Within the capital, the Grand Mosque of Bamako is the finest example of an Islamic house of worship. Unlike the mud brick mosques found elsewhere, which follow a Sahelian style of architecture, this mosque was funded and built by the Saudi Arabian government in the 1970s.

As such, it compares more favourably to buildings found in the Middle East versus those seen throughout Bamako and Mali.

Other Cultural Attractions: Trip to Bamako, Mali

Like many other cities in West Africa, Bamako is long on urban chaos and light on green space. The construction of the Parc National du Mali was done to help change this trend, as its completion in 2010 gave residents a place with grass and trees to compliment the concrete plazas, sprawling buildings and clogged streets that did nothing to induce relaxation.

Occupying 17 hectares of land in the middle of Bamako opposite the National Museum, it is home to an arboretum, gardens, public exercise equipment, playgrounds, and trails which do their best to help you forget that you are in the midst of a busy West African city.

Other Attractions

Those wanting to get a look at everyday life in Mali’s capital will want to make a trip out to Bamako Market . Busy from sunrise to sunset with activity ranging from food to hardware shopping, there is also the opportunity for visitors to pick up handicrafts during their time here. While there are many things to choose from here, be aware that vendors will try to quote an outrageous price at first, so keep this in mind when haggling.

Further, keep your wits about you while moving through the market, as there are skilled pickpockets that work the crowds on a regular basis – they know a mark when they see one, so stay alert and you’ll be fine.

Before leaving Bamako for the Malian hinterland, head up Point G Hill to get a great view of the city and the surrounding area. You’ll be privy to a view that will reveal a surprisingly green dot of urbanity amid an arid landscape that defines much of Mali. If you are an avid photographer, you cannot afford to miss this vantage point while you are in Bamako.

Top 20 Things To Do in Bamako, Mali For Visitors

Here are the top 20 things to do in Bamako, Mali:

1. Visit the National Museum of Mali

The National Museum of Mali is a cultural treasure trove that showcases the country’s rich archaeological and ethnographic heritage. The museum features exhibits on Mali’s ancient civilizations, including the famous Timbuktu manuscripts, traditional textiles, and artifacts from the Mali Empire. The museum’s beautiful gardens offer a peaceful retreat from the city’s hustle and bustle. It’s a must-visit for anyone interested in understanding Mali’s diverse cultures and history.

2. Explore the Bamako Grand Mosque

The Bamako Grand Mosque is a significant religious and architectural landmark in the city. Built in the 1970s, it features a blend of traditional Sudano-Sahelian and modern architectural styles. The mosque is especially lively during prayer times and Islamic festivals. While non-Muslim visitors may not enter the prayer hall, the exterior and the surrounding area are worth exploring for their vibrant atmosphere.

3. Stroll Through Bamako Botanical Gardens

The Bamako Botanical Gardens offer a tranquil escape with their lush landscapes and diverse plant species. These gardens are not only a place for relaxation but also serve as an educational resource on local flora. The gardens host cultural events and exhibitions, making it a lively spot for locals and tourists. It’s a perfect place for a leisurely walk, picnic, or simply to enjoy a moment of peace amidst nature.

4. Shop at the Marché de Medina

The Marché de Medina is Bamako’s bustling market where you can find everything from fresh produce to traditional Malian textiles and handicrafts. It’s a vibrant hub of activity where bargaining is part of the experience. The market offers an authentic glimpse into daily life in Bamako and is an excellent place to shop for souvenirs. Exploring the market is an adventure in itself, offering sensory overload with its colors, sounds, and smells.

5. Enjoy the Views from Point G Hill

Point G Hill provides panoramic views of Bamako and the Niger River. The hill is also home to ancient rock paintings and a hospital built by the French colonial administration. It’s a popular spot for both locals and tourists, especially at sunset when the city lights begin to sparkle. The climb up is relatively easy and rewards visitors with breathtaking vistas.

6. Experience the Bamako Artisan Market

The Bamako Artisan Market is a haven for art lovers and collectors, offering a wide range of Malian crafts, including jewelry, leather goods, and sculptures. The market is a great place to meet local artists and craftsmen and learn about the techniques and materials used in their work. Haggling over prices is expected and part of the fun. Visitors can find unique pieces that reflect Mali’s rich artistic traditions.

7. Take a Boat Trip on the Niger River

A boat trip on the Niger River is a peaceful way to see Bamako from a different perspective. Various operators offer cruises, from simple pirogues to more elaborate tour boats. Along the way, you’ll see fishermen at work, children playing by the riverbanks, and the lush greenery that lines the river. Sunset cruises are particularly magical, offering stunning views of the sky changing colors over the water.

8. Visit the Bamako Cathedral

Bamako Cathedral is a striking landmark with its bright yellow façade and impressive architecture. The cathedral stands as a symbol of the city’s religious diversity and tolerance. Inside, the peaceful ambiance provides a stark contrast to the busy streets outside. The cathedral hosts regular services and is open to visitors who wish to explore its interior and learn about its history.

9. Attend the Festival Acoustik Bamako

The Festival Acoustik Bamako is an annual music event that showcases a mix of traditional Malian music and international genres. It’s a fantastic opportunity to experience the vibrant music scene of Mali, known as the birthplace of the blues. The festival attracts renowned musicians from around the world and fosters cultural exchange. Attendees can enjoy live performances in various venues across the city.

10. Explore the Bamako Zoo

The Bamako Zoo is home to a variety of animal species, many of which are native to Africa. The zoo is committed to conservation and education, making it a great place for families to learn about wildlife. The enclosures are designed to mimic the animals’ natural habitats as closely as possible. The zoo also features a small botanical garden, adding to its appeal.

11. Dine at a Riverside Restaurant

Bamako’s location along the Niger River means there are several riverside restaurants offering delicious local and international cuisine with scenic views. Dining by the river, especially in the evening, provides a memorable experience with the city lights reflecting on the water. It’s the perfect setting for a romantic dinner or a relaxed meal with friends. The fresh fish dishes are a must-try.

12. Discover the Martyrs’ Monument

The Martyrs’ Monument is a significant historical site dedicated to the Malians who lost their lives in the struggle against dictatorship. The monument is an impressive architectural structure, symbolizing Mali’s journey towards democracy and freedom. Visitors can learn about the country’s recent history and the importance of democracy. The site offers panoramic views of the city, making it a popular spot for photography.

13. Relax at Parc National du Mali

The Parc National du Mali, a large urban park, offers a blend of natural landscapes and modern recreational facilities. The park features walking trails, playgrounds, a sports complex, and beautifully landscaped gardens. It’s an oasis of greenery where visitors can escape the city’s heat and noise. The park frequently hosts cultural events and concerts, adding to its vibrant atmosphere.

14. Admire Contemporary Art at the Muso Kunda Museum

The Muso Kunda Museum is dedicated to women’s art and cultural contributions in Mali. It features contemporary art exhibitions, traditional crafts, and historical displays that highlight the role of women in Malian society. The museum also serves as a cultural center, offering workshops and events. It’s a unique institution that provides insight into the challenges and achievements of Malian women.

15. Learn at the Mali Digital Innovation Center

The Mali Digital Innovation Center is at the forefront of technology and innovation in the country. Visitors can learn about the latest technological advancements in Africa and how they are being applied to solve local issues. The center hosts exhibitions, workshops, and talks on various topics related to digital technology. It’s an inspiring place for anyone interested in the future of technology in Africa.

16. Participate in a Cooking Class

Joining a local cooking class is an excellent way to dive into Malian cuisine and culture. Participants can learn how to prepare traditional dishes such as jollof rice, tiga diga na, and Mali’s famous peanut sauce. Cooking classes often include a market tour to select fresh ingredients. It’s a hands-on experience that ends with enjoying the delicious meals you’ve helped prepare.

17. Enjoy Live Music at a Local Club

Bamako is known for its lively music scene, with numerous clubs and bars offering live performances. From traditional Malian music to modern Afrobeat and jazz, there’s something for every music lover. It’s an opportunity to experience the city’s vibrant nightlife and possibly discover new favorite artists. The warmth and energy of Bamako’s music venues make for an unforgettable night out.

18. Visit the Somono Fishermen’s Village

The Somono Fishermen’s Village on the banks of the Niger River offers a glimpse into the traditional lifestyle of Mali’s fishing communities. Visitors can observe the fishermen’s daily activities, learn about their traditional fishing techniques, and even take a pirogue (small boat) tour. The village is a living museum of Malian culture and provides a unique perspective on the importance of the river to local livelihoods.

19. Explore the Bamako Crafts Market

The Bamako Crafts Market is a bustling marketplace where artisans sell handmade goods, including textiles, jewelry, pottery, and woodcarvings. It’s an excellent place to find unique souvenirs and support local craftsmanship. The market also offers a chance to interact with the artisans and learn about their craft. Each purchase helps sustain traditional arts and provides a meaningful connection to Malian culture.

20. Participate in the Bamako International Marathon

The Bamako International Marathon is an annual event that attracts runners from all over the world. Participants can choose between various distances, making it accessible to runners of all levels. The marathon route offers scenic views of the city and its landmarks, creating a memorable experience. It’s a great way to challenge yourself while experiencing the camaraderie and spirit of the local and international running community.

What To Eat and Drink in Bamako, Mali

From hearty stews to refreshing beverages, Bamako’s food scene is a delightful exploration of flavors, spices, and traditions. Here’s your guide to the must-try dishes and drinks in this bustling city.

Must-Try Dishes

1. tigadegena (peanut sauce).

Often referred to as Mali’s national dish, Tigadegena is a rich, flavorful peanut sauce made with ground peanuts, tomatoes, and spices, usually served with rice and meat or vegetables. It’s a comforting dish that perfectly encapsulates the hearty essence of Malian cuisine.

A staple in Malian households, Tô is a thick porridge made from millet or sorghum flour. It’s traditionally served with sauces or stews, offering a subtle taste that beautifully complements the robust flavors of its accompaniments.

Fonio is a type of millet with a nutty flavor and is considered one of the oldest cereals in West Africa. In Bamako, it’s often cooked like rice or couscous and can be found accompanying various dishes, celebrated for its health benefits and delicious taste.

This hearty stew is made with meat (commonly chicken or beef), vegetables, and a base of tomato and peanut butter, creating a rich and comforting dish. Maafe is a testament to the depth of flavor that characterizes West African cuisine and is a must-try for any visitor.

5. Fried Plantains

A popular snack or side dish, fried plantains are sweet, savory, and utterly addictive. They’re often enjoyed alongside main meals or as a street food delicacy, showcasing the simplicity and deliciousness of Malian cooking.

Refreshing Drinks

6. dabileni.

Dabileni, or hibiscus tea, is a refreshing, slightly tart beverage made from hibiscus flowers. Served cold with sugar, it’s not only delicious but also provides relief from Bamako’s heat.

7. Zoomkoom

This traditional beverage is made from millet flour, ginger, lemon, and sugar, offering a sweet and spicy taste that’s both energizing and refreshing. Zoomkoom is often consumed during festivities and celebrations.

8. Green Tea with Mint

Green tea, especially when flavored with mint, is a popular drink in Bamako, reflecting the influence of North African tea culture. It’s usually prepared with a generous amount of sugar and served in small glasses, symbolizing hospitality and community.

9. Baobab Juice

Made from the fruit of the baobab tree, this juice is a treasure trove of vitamins and tastes uniquely tangy and sweet. It’s a common sight in local markets and a delicious way to stay hydrated.

10. Local Beers

For those looking to unwind, Bamako offers a range of local beers to sample. Brews like Castel and Flag are widely available and offer a taste of Mali’s brewing scene.

Top Restaurants In Bamako, Mali

Here’s a list of top restaurants in Bamako, Mali, where you can enjoy a memorable dining experience, from traditional Malian dishes to global gastronomic delights.

1. Restaurant Le Loft

Le Loft stands out for its fusion cuisine, blending French culinary techniques with local flavors. Situated in the Hippodrome area, this chic restaurant offers a modern dining experience with a menu that changes seasonally, ensuring fresh and innovative dishes. Its elegant atmosphere makes it perfect for a special night out.

2. San Toro

Specializing in authentic Malian cuisine, San Toro offers a warm and inviting atmosphere where guests can enjoy traditional dishes like tigadegena and maafe. The restaurant also features live music on certain nights, providing a lively dining experience that captures the spirit of Bamako.

3. Appaloosa Restaurant

Known for its diverse menu that caters to international tastes, Appaloosa is a favorite among expats and tourists. From juicy burgers to savory Mexican dishes, this restaurant ensures quality and flavor in every bite. Its central location and casual ambiance make it an ideal spot for a relaxed meal with friends or family.

4. La Terrasse

La Terrasse boasts a rooftop setting that offers stunning views of Bamako, making it a perfect choice for dining under the stars. The menu includes a mix of Mediterranean and West African dishes, prepared with fresh, local ingredients. It’s a great place to enjoy a sunset cocktail followed by a delicious dinner.

5. Soukhothai

Offering a taste of Thailand in the heart of Mali, Soukhothai is celebrated for its authentic Thai cuisine. The restaurant’s tranquil setting, complete with traditional Thai décor, complements the flavorful dishes crafted by its skilled chefs. It’s a culinary escape that’s both exotic and refreshing.

6. Zorba le Grec

For those craving Mediterranean flavors, Zorba le Grec serves up delicious Greek and Lebanese dishes. Its friendly atmosphere and hearty portions have made it a staple in Bamako’s dining scene. The restaurant also offers outdoor seating, ideal for enjoying a meal in the cooler evening air.

7. Le Bistrot

Le Bistrot is a French-style restaurant that offers a cozy dining experience with a menu featuring classic French dishes alongside Malian favorites. The intimate setting and attention to detail in every dish make it a popular choice for both lunch and dinner.

8. Bamako By Night

As the name suggests, Bamako By Night is a vibrant spot that comes alive in the evening. Serving a variety of international dishes, the restaurant is also known for its live music and entertainment, providing a full dining experience that goes beyond just food.

9. Blabla Bar & Restaurant

Blabla Bar & Restaurant is where local cuisine meets a relaxed, friendly atmosphere. With an emphasis on fresh, local produce, the menu offers a range of dishes that capture the essence of Malian cooking. The restaurant’s laid-back vibe makes it a great place to unwind after a day of exploring.

10. The Badalodge Restaurant

Located by the river, The Badalodge Restaurant offers a picturesque dining setting along with a menu that highlights the best of Malian and international cuisine. Diners can enjoy their meals in thatched-roof huts overlooking the water, making for a truly serene and memorable dining experience.

Tours For Visitors To Bamako, Mali

Bamako Accommodations Guide: Hotels, Guesthouses and Hostels

Here’s a comprehensive guide to where to stay in Bamako, ensuring you find the perfect base for exploring this vibrant city.

Luxury Hotels

1. radisson blu hotel bamako.

Offering elegance and top-notch amenities, the Radisson Blu is known for its exceptional service, modern rooms, and tranquil pool area. It’s an oasis of comfort in the heart of Bamako, ideal for those seeking luxury and convenience.

2. Laico Hôtel El Farouk Bamako

Situated on the banks of the Niger River, Laico Hôtel El Farouk provides guests with stunning views, spacious accommodations, and a refreshing outdoor pool. The hotel’s restaurants serve a variety of international cuisine, catering to all tastes.

Mid-Range Hotels

3. hotel le rabelais.

Hotel Le Rabelais offers a cozy and welcoming atmosphere, with a beautiful garden setting and a pool. It’s renowned for its friendly staff, delicious breakfast, and comfortable rooms, making it a great value choice for travelers.

4. Azalai Hotel Salam

Located near the city center, Azalai Hotel Salam features comfortable accommodations, an outdoor swimming pool, and multiple dining options. It’s a preferred choice for business and leisure travelers alike, offering a blend of convenience and comfort.

Budget Accommodations

5. the sleeping camel.

The Sleeping Camel is a favorite among backpackers and budget travelers, known for its laid-back atmosphere, helpful staff, and comfortable, affordable rooms. It also serves as a hub for travelers looking to exchange tips and stories.

6. Auberge Djamilla

A cozy guesthouse that feels more like staying with family, Auberge Djamilla offers simple, clean rooms at affordable prices. The guesthouse is praised for its warm hospitality and home-cooked meals, providing a genuine Malian experience.

Guesthouses and B&Bs

7. badalodge hotel & restaurant.

Nestled along the Niger River, Badalodge offers tranquil accommodations in a picturesque setting. Guests can enjoy traditional Malian architecture, an outdoor pool, and dining by the river, making it a peaceful retreat from the city’s hustle.

8. La Venise Malienne

This charming bed and breakfast provides a home away from home experience with its comfortable rooms, personalized service, and a quiet location. La Venise Malienne stands out for its beautiful garden and terrace where guests can relax.

9. Hostel Teriya

Offering dormitory and private room options, Hostel Teriya caters to backpackers and travelers on a tight budget. It’s a great place to meet other travelers, with communal areas designed for socializing and sharing travel experiences.

10. Campement Kangaba

On the outskirts of Bamako, Campement Kangaba offers a unique accommodation experience in traditional Malian huts, providing a blend of culture, nature, and comfort. It’s an ideal choice for those looking to experience Mali’s natural beauty while staying within reach of the city.

Day Trips From Bamako, Mali

The surrounding regions boast natural beauty, historical sites, and cultural richness waiting to be discovered. Here are ten day trips from Bamako that promise enriching experiences beyond the capital’s hustle.

Just an hour’s drive from Bamako, Siby offers a tranquil escape with its stunning landscapes, including the majestic Arch of Kamandjan. Hiking opportunities abound, leading to waterfalls and ancient rock paintings. The area is also known for its artisanal community, where visitors can purchase handmade souvenirs. Siby provides a perfect blend of natural beauty and cultural exploration.

2. Mande Mountains

The Mande Mountains, west of Bamako, are steeped in history and spiritual significance. They offer hiking trails that reveal traditional Dogon villages and sacred sites. The views from the mountains are breathtaking, overlooking the Niger River and lush valleys. A visit here offers insight into the traditional lifestyles and beliefs of the Malian people.

A trip to Kangaba immerses visitors in the heart of the Manding Empire’s history. The town is home to the Kamablon, a sacred hut where traditional ceremonies are still performed. Visitors can also explore the ruins of the ancient city of Kangaba, a UNESCO World Heritage site. The town is known for its craft market, showcasing traditional Malian textiles and pottery.

Once the capital of the Bambara Empire, Ségou, situated along the Niger River, is known for its colonial architecture and vibrant pottery markets. A boat trip on the Niger offers a unique perspective of the city and visits to nearby fishing villages. The annual Festival sur le Niger here attracts musicians and artists from across West Africa. Ségou’s laid-back atmosphere provides a stark contrast to Bamako’s energy.

Though more than a day’s journey from Bamako, Djenné is worth the effort for its iconic Great Mosque, the world’s largest mud-brick structure, and a UNESCO World Heritage site. The town’s ancient architecture and Monday market, one of the most vibrant in West Africa, offer a deep dive into Mali’s heritage. Guided tours can help unravel the rich history of Djenné, once a hub for traders and scholars. It’s a photographer’s dream, with its traditional buildings and bustling streets.

6. Bandiagara Escarpment

The Bandiagara Escarpment, home to the Dogon people, is another longer trip but offers an unparalleled cultural experience. Guided treks along the escarpment reveal ancient cliff dwellings, granaries, and sacred altars. The Dogon villages are known for their unique cultural practices, astronomy knowledge, and masked dances. Though more suited for an overnight trip, it’s an unforgettable experience that showcases Mali’s diversity.

Sikasso, Mali’s second-largest city, offers a look into the country’s colonial past and its struggle for independence. The Sikasso fortress, Tata, built to protect the city from invaders, and the Mamelon, the residence of the last king of Sikasso, are must-visit sites. The city is also surrounded by fertile lands, making it a center for agriculture. Markets here overflow with fresh produce, offering a taste of Mali’s bounty.

Halfway between Bamako and Ségou, Bla offers a peaceful stopover with its beautiful mosque and bustling market. The town is a great place to experience everyday life in Mali away from the tourist routes. It’s also known for its music festivals, which celebrate Mali’s rich musical traditions. Bla provides a glimpse into the heart of Mali, where traditions are kept alive by its people.

Niono is an agricultural hub known for its vast rice fields, part of the Office du Niger irrigation project. The area around Niono allows visitors to understand Mali’s agricultural practices and the challenges of desertification. Birdwatchers will enjoy the Inner Niger Delta, where many species can be observed. It’s a testament to Mali’s efforts to harness and respect its natural resources.

10. Parc National du Mali, Bamako

For those preferring not to venture far from the capital, the Parc National du Mali in Bamako offers a lush oasis. This well-maintained park features walking trails, a botanical garden, and a zoo. It’s a perfect spot for families, offering a peaceful retreat within the city. The park also hosts concerts and cultural events, adding to Bamako’s vibrant social scene.

Bamako Transportation Guide

Here’s a detailed travel guide to getting around in Bamako.

Yellow taxis are a ubiquitous sight in Bamako and one of the most convenient ways to get around the city. They can be hailed on the street or ordered through your hotel. Negotiating the fare in advance is standard practice, as meters are rarely used. Taxis offer a direct, albeit sometimes pricier, mode of transportation to your destination.

2. Sotramas

Sotramas are brightly painted minibuses that serve as Bamako’s primary public transport. They follow specific routes but don’t have fixed stops, so passengers can hop on and off anywhere along the route. Riding a Sotrama is an affordable way to travel, though it can be crowded and confusing for first-time visitors. Locals are usually helpful in guiding tourists to the right Sotrama.

3. Motorcycle Taxis

For quicker trips around Bamako, motorcycle taxis offer an agile alternative to navigate through traffic. They’re ideal for solo travelers and provide a more exhilarating way to see the city. As with car taxis, agree on the fare before starting your journey. Helmets may not always be provided, so exercise caution.

4. Rental Cars

Renting a car, with or without a driver, gives visitors the freedom to explore Bamako and its surroundings at their own pace. Several rental agencies operate in the city, offering a range of vehicles. Opting for a rental with a driver can be particularly beneficial, as local drivers are familiar with the traffic patterns and routes.

5. Bicycles

Biking is an eco-friendly way to explore Bamako, especially in less congested areas and for short distances. Some hotels and hostels offer bike rentals to their guests. It’s a great way to experience the city from a different perspective, though the bustling traffic and hot climate can be challenging.

Walking is a viable option in Bamako’s more central areas, where many attractions, markets, and restaurants are within reasonable distances from each other. It allows for a leisurely exploration of the city’s vibrant streets and markets. Always be mindful of traffic and pedestrian safety, as sidewalks can be inconsistent.

For a scenic route, consider taking a boat trip on the Niger River. While not a common mode of daily transport, boats offer leisurely tours and a unique perspective of Bamako from the water. It’s a tranquil way to escape the city’s hustle and immerse yourself in the natural beauty of the Niger River.

8. Private Hire

Hiring a private vehicle with a driver for the day is a stress-free way to navigate Bamako, especially for visitors unfamiliar with the city or those wanting to visit multiple sites in one day. While more expensive, it offers comfort, security, and the flexibility to customize your itinerary.

9. App-Based Ride Services

Though not as prevalent as in some other global cities, app-based ride services are slowly making their way into Bamako. They offer an alternative to traditional taxis with the convenience of booking rides through your smartphone. Availability and options may vary, so it’s worth checking the latest information during your stay.

10. Inter-city Buses

For day trips or travel to other parts of Mali, inter-city buses provide connections between Bamako and major cities. These buses range from basic to more comfortable coaches, catering to different budgets and preferences. It’s an affordable way to explore beyond the capital.

Where To Visit After Your Trip To Bamako?

After soaking in the vibrant life of Bamako, Mali’s capital, the country unfurls a myriad of destinations that promise even deeper explorations into its rich tapestry of cultures, landscapes, and history. Here’s where your adventure can lead you next:

Home to the iconic Great Mosque, made entirely of mud-brick and considered the largest of its kind in the world, Djenné is a UNESCO World Heritage site. The city’s ancient architecture and Monday market, bustling with traders and artisans, offer a vivid glimpse into Mali’s past and present. Djenné’s archaeological sites reveal the history of a once-thriving trade center. It’s a photographer’s paradise, especially during the mosque’s annual replastering festival.

Dubbed the “Venice of Mali” for its location at the confluence of the Niger and Bani rivers, Mopti is a bustling port and a gateway to the Dogon Country. Its lively fishing port, vibrant markets, and the beautiful Great Mosque of Mopti are must-visits. Boat trips from Mopti offer a unique perspective on life along Mali’s waterways. The city serves as an excellent base for excursions into the Dogon Country and the Bandiagara Escarpment.

3. Dogon Country

The Dogon Country, with its dramatic cliffside villages and unique cultural traditions, offers an unparalleled cultural and hiking experience. The region’s indigenous Dogon people are known for their elaborate masks, wooden sculptures, and astronomical knowledge. Trekking through the Bandiagara Escarpment reveals ancient dwellings, granaries, and sacred sites. It’s an immersive journey into a way of life that has maintained its traditions for centuries.

4. Timbuktu

Once considered the most remote place on earth, Timbuktu is legendary for its historic libraries and mosques, remnants of its golden age as a center of Islamic learning and trade. The city’s three great mosques, Djingareyber, Sankore, and Sidi Yahia, testify to its storied past. Though travel to Timbuktu is challenging, it remains a symbol of adventure and exploration. Visitors are advised to check travel advisories due to regional security concerns.

This historic city on the Niger River boasts colonial architecture, ancient mud-brick buildings, and the famous Bobo mask dances. Ségou’s relaxed atmosphere is perfect for exploring its art and pottery centers, where traditional techniques are still in use. The annual Festival sur le Niger here showcases Mali’s rich musical heritage. A visit to Ségoukoro, the old capital, offers insights into the Bambara kingdom’s history.

Sikasso, surrounded by fertile lands, is known for its resistance against colonial forces under the leadership of King Tieba Traore. The Tata of Sikasso, a large fortress wall, and the Mamelon, the king’s palace, are significant historical sites. The city’s market is one of the largest in Mali, offering a variety of local produce and crafts. Sikasso’s pleasant climate and waterfalls in the surrounding areas also make it a refreshing stop.

On the eastern edge of Mali, Gao stands on the Niger River, with the Tomb of Askia, a UNESCO World Heritage site, as its crown jewel. The city’s history as a prosperous trading center is visible in its architecture and museum. Gao serves as a base for exploring the vastness of the Sahara and the unique culture of the Songhai people. The nearby dunes of Koïma offer breathtaking sunset views.

8. Bandiagara

Bandiagara is the gateway to the Dogon Country, offering a blend of breathtaking landscapes and deep cultural immersion. The town itself provides basic amenities and acts as a starting point for treks into the Dogon villages. Local guides are available to lead visitors on multi-day treks along the escarpment, providing valuable cultural insights. The area’s biodiversity is as impressive as its cultural heritage.

Known as the “pressure cooker of Africa” for its intense heat, Kayes is intriguing for its colonial history and natural attractions, including the spectacular Gouina Falls and the Selingue Dam. The city’s architecture reflects its colonial past, while the surrounding areas offer opportunities for hiking and bird watching. Kayes is also the starting point for journeys into the Senegal River’s rich ecosystems. The region’s geological formations, like the Fort de Médine, add to its allure.

10. Manantali

Manantali is famed for its dam and lake, which have created a large reservoir offering water sports and fishing. The area is also a haven for bird watchers, with numerous species congregating around the water. Excursions on the lake provide a peaceful retreat from the desert’s harshness. The Manantali Dam is an engineering marvel, crucial for the region’s electricity and agriculture.

Bamako Travel Guide: Final Thoughts

Bamako is a city that truly encapsulates the essence of West Africa. With its bustling streets, vibrant markets, rich cultural heritage, and stunning natural beauty, it offers visitors a truly unforgettable travel experience .

From exploring the city’s museums and historic landmarks, to taking a boat tour of the Niger River, to venturing out to explore the surrounding countryside, Bamako has something for everyone. The city’s diverse range of accommodations, dining options, and transportation choices make it a convenient and comfortable destination for travelers of all budgets and preferences.

Whether you’re interested in immersing yourself in the local culture, trying new foods, or simply enjoying the warm and welcoming atmosphere of the city, Bamako is a destination that is sure to leave a lasting impression. It is a city that is bursting with life, energy, and excitement, and one that is truly worth exploring.

Ode To Bamako

In Bamako’s streets so full of life, A city full of sounds and sights, The markets bustle with energy, And colors fill the air so brightly.

From the Grand Mosque to the Museum’s halls, The city’s past and present enthralls, With music, art, and history, A culture rich and deep in mystery.

Take a boat down the Niger’s flow, And see the city’s beauty glow, Or venture out to the countryside, And see Mali’s natural pride.

Enjoy the taste of local fare, And savor spices in the air, With warmth and welcome all around, In Bamako’s heart, true joy is found.

So come and see this city’s soul, Let Bamako’s spirit make you whole, For in this land of vibrant hues, Travelers find new ways to view.

Join one of our tours in Mali!

Despite an unfortunate situation that isolated absolute world wonders such as Dogon Country or Timbuktu, Mali is still out there, Malians carry on with their lives and, with proper help and planning, many of its gorgeous sites can be visited.

Mali is fabulous, one of the best countries in all of Africa, filled not only with culture and nature but also some of the most stunning buildings in the world, like the Grand Mosque of Djenné.

We plan to schedule several expeditions this year, but we can also design any sort of private adventure tour in Mali!

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Need to know for your Mali tour

How to get a visa.

You can apply at your nearest embassy, but we can also get you a Letter of Invitation and collect your visa upon arrival.

Is it safe?

The south is safe but anywhere north of Djenné is a big no go .

Which nationalities can join our Mali tours?

Almost any nationality can join our tours for Mali.

Our scheduled group tours for Mali

We’ve temporarily suspended all our upcoming Mali expeditions

Somaliland Expedition

Join us in our first expedition to the breakaway territory of Somaliland

All our Mali Group Tours include

Airport transfer

Accommodation

Private transportation and driver around Mali

Breakfast and lunch

English-speaking knowledgeable Malian guide

Tour leader

Entrance fees to the places listed in the itinerary

Private tailored tours for Mali

Do you want to travel solo, or with a group of friends?

With our local team in Mali, we can also organize any sort of private, tailored adventure.

However, note that we don’t organize Mali tours that include Timbuktu, Mopti or Dogon country.

Tell us your dates

When do you want to travel to MALI

Which places do you want to visit

We will design the perfect itinerary based on your needs

How will you apply for your visa

Via embassy or using our LOI?

Sample itinerary for our Mali tours

Here’s the standard 8-day tour we offer on most of our expeditions.

Day 1 – Arrival in Bamako

• Day 1 is the arrival day in the capital of Mali, a day which we will spend picking you up from the airport, as well as welcoming you, checking into the hotel, and having a few beers.
• In the evening, we will all have a welcoming dinner, so we can start to know each other, while we talk about the upcoming adventure.
• Overnight in Bamako.

Day 2 – Full day exploring Bamako

• I like Bamako because it is as vibrant as chaotic, and home to kind-hearted Malians who will use any excuse to play some music and dance along the bustling streets.
• Being a relatively new city compared to all the historical sites found in Mali, Bamako lacks architectural gems as such but, from a cultural point of view, you will definitely love getting lost in the market lanes, checking out the vegetable gardens along the Niger River, or just strolling down the streets while dodging the endless scooters.
• In Bamako, we will visit the medicinal market, the artisan market, the grand mosque, and the sand collectors.
• In the evening, we will look for a place with Malian music.

Day 3 – Siby

• Siby is an area 50km south of Bamako that belongs to the Manding Mountains, a highland area from southern Mali which stretches all the way to Guinea Conakry, and home to the Malinke people , one of the main ethnic groups in West Africa.
• The area around Siby is a pretty scenic area for trekking, with vertiginous cliffs and peculiar rock formations like the arch of Kamadjan.
• We will explore some of its natural wonders, as well as check out the mango plantations. February is the mango season in Mali, and all mangos come from here so, if you like mangos, know that in Siby you have all-you-can-eat mangos.
• Siby is also home to unspoiled villages barely visited by travelers, and we will be checking out a few.
• Overnight in Siby.

Day 4 – Ségou

• Early morning, we will head for Ségou, a laid-back town with a particularly chilled-out atmosphere, sitting on the shores of the Niger River, and a real highlight of this trip.
• On our arrival, we will have our main meal, check out the local market, and then we will take a boat to sail across the Niger River.
• I remember there was a pretty cool bar by the river in Ségou so that we can finish our day there.
• Overnight in Ségou.

Day 5 – Full day in Ségou

• There are so many things to do in this area, including an authentic textile workshop which we will visit, and villages like Koro, which we will visit as well.

Day 6 – San

• In the morning, we will take things slowly and then head to San, a small Malian city located around 3 hours from Ségou, and home to one of the most famous mud mosques in the country, after those in Djenné and Timbuktu.
• This is also our base for visiting Djenné.
• We will have lunch, visit the mosque, and enjoy the local life.
• Overnight in San.

Day 7 – Djenné and back to Bamako

• Very early in the morning, we will drive to Djenné.
• Once an important commercial center that competed directly with Timbuktu along the trans-Saharan route, Djenné was also considered to be one of the most cosmopolitan towns in all of Africa but, unlike Timbuktu, Djenné went into decline much quicker, in the 16th century, and what used to be one of the most important centers for Islamic scholarship, is today nothing more than an agricultural, rural town.
• Nonetheless, Djenné is absolutely photogenic, since the well-preserved town is entirely built of mud, typically a mix of sand, water, and cow dung, making it very pleasant to your eyes.
• In Djenné, we will visit the mosque, as well as Quranic schools and of course, we will get lost among its lanes.
• After lunch, we will head for Bamako.

Day 8 – Departure

On the last day, we will take care of your airport transfer.

Join a tour for Mali: FAQ

There are two ways of getting a visa:

• Via embassy: Many embassies can issue you a visa but note that they all have different rules and prices. Some embassies will issue your visa in only one day, while others take 2 or 3 days. Prices vary too, but they tend to cost up to 70€.
• On arrival: Our team in Mali can get you a visa pre-approval, so you don’t need to collect it at the embassy but directly at the airport. The price of this service (with visa fees included) is 100€.

Which nationalities can join this tour?

Pretty much all nationalities.

What’s the best way to reach Bamako?

The tour starts in Bamako, which has an international airport.

The most common connections to Bamako are via Paris (Air France), Morocco (Royal Air Maroc), Istanbul (Turkish Airlines) or Tunis (Tunis Air). Dakar is a common stopover too.

Some areas in Mali can be dangerous but the riskiest areas are concentrated north of Mopti and in the Dogon country, and we are not going anywhere near there.

We can offer you a visit to Djenné on a day trip from San.

Can I visit Timbuktu, Dogon Country, or Mopti?

Timbuktu can be visited by boat or charter plane, but not by road. However, given the risk involved, we don’t offer this service.

Dogon is currently off-limits.

Mopti is doable too but again, given the risk involved, we don’t take people there.

Do you recommend a specific travel insurance?

Either you are joining one of our trips, or you are traveling by yourself, you might want to look for proper travel insurance. Against the Compass has been a partner with IATI for several years already, recommending it to all readers, as well as covering all Joan Torres’ personal trips.

We like it because It covers all the countries where the FCDO advises against all travel, it offers budget plans and covers all sorts of adventure activities.

Against the Compass readers can benefit from a 5% discount .

Get a quote here to claim your discount

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8 Things To Do in Mali [Best Places to Visit in Mali – West Africa]

You’ve probably heard the name Timbuktu at least once in your life. And if you’re like me, there’s a big chance that you did so through a song. But where is Timbuktu, anyway?

This is where Mali comes in, a Saharan country in West Africa where Timbuktu is. It’s a land-locked state with Algeria, Mauritiana, Niger, Burkina Faso, Ivory Coast, Guinea and Senegal around it. Mali was formerly part of the three West African empires that controlled this region of the continent. It was then taken over by the French around the 19th century and gained its independence in the 1960s.

Unfortunately, traveling to present-day Mali isn’t so ideal lately as violence is prevalent in the country with even civilians getting seriously injured over terrorist attacks. There are still a few tour operators in the country, however, who still assist visitors who want to explore the country through the scope might be a bit restricted.

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Below, I’ll be listing some of the best things you can only experience in Mali which, hopefully, we can all get to experience once the situation has gotten better.

Table of Contents

Key Cities in Mali

Bamako – This is the country’s capital and was considered as one of the fastest-growing cities in the world. This is where most of the administrative activities in Mali happen and are also where some of the most important buildings in today’s Mali are situated.

This city can trace back its origins to the Palaeolithic era as evidence of settlements as early as this time can be found in some areas of Bamako. This is highly likely due to the proximity of the city to the Niger River Valley where they were able to grow an abundant food supply and trade as well.

Mopti – Another popular city in Mali is Mopti, which is said to have the highest concentration of the country’s natural resources. It is also known to be the country’s most valuable port as well as a huge commercial center.

Tourists are attracted to Mopti for its attractions like the Grand Mosque and the Pays Dogon.

Timbuktu – This popular ancient city is home to some of the country’s most valuable possessions as it was an Islamic scholarship center for many years. Timbuktu takes pride in its manuscripts were teachings of Islam, mathematics, law, science and more where listed.

Aside from its historical significance, Timbuktu also served as a trade route for invaders before the country was colonized by France.

At present, Timbuktu is among UNESCO’s World Heritage Sites.

Djenné – Another important city in the history of Mali is Djenné, a city in the Inland Niger Delta region. Old Djenné is one of the oldest towns in this part of Africa and has been inhabited since 250 B.C

Djenné also served as an important market center and link to the trans-Saharan gold trade back in the days.

Aside from its economic purposes, Djenné was also an integral part of the propagation of Islam in the country. Until now, you’ll still see some of the historic Islamic structures in the city.

What To Do in Mali

1. witness the amazing mali architecture for yourself.

If you do a quick online search about Mali, you’ll notice how its buildings look nothing like what you’ll typically see anywhere! Mali buildings are often made following the traditional adobe architecture, giving them their distinct orange hues. Some of the most notable structures are the Grande Mosquée in Djenné which is known to be the world’s largest mud-brick building and the mosque of Musa I in the town of Gao.

2. Get to know more about life along the Niger River

Mali is home to various ethnic groups, some of which chose the Niger river as their settlement as it is a good source of livelihood for them.

Mopti and Djenné are both settlements around the Niger River where people of different ethnic groups still live. Go ahead and visit any of these two to get an authentic experience interacting with Mali locals.

There’s even a music festival being held around the river where Mali’s best performers gather now and then.

3. Visit Timbuktu

Probably the most famous destination in Mali, this town was once thought of as a city made of gold. It wasn’t, of course, but gold was often traded in its streets together with salt, spices, and dyes. Get to know this mysterious destination more by visiting its important mosques, structures made of mud, and even spending time with the Tuareg people (people who have been here since old times) by spending the night at their camp.

4. Explore the desert

As part of the Saharan region, Mali has its fair share of warm-colored desert land which you might be curious to explore. If you want, you can go ahead and visit the Pink Dune which is the highest spot along the Niger River. This looks especially beautiful during sunset as it turns into a beautiful shade of pink. To get there, you might need to hire a boat that will take you across the Niger river before you can go hiking up the mountain of sand.

5. Get in touch with nature

  View this post on Instagram   A post shared by Beautifulafrica (@beautiful.africa) on Oct 11, 2016 at 12:49am PDT

Of course, no African trip will be complete if you don’t get to experience their wildlife for yourself. Boucle du Baoulé National Park is a western Malian area where traces of prehistoric rock art and tombs can be found. Along with these, you’ll find local animals like giraffe, elephant, buffalo, hippo and a few more in their typical surroundings here.

6. Go shopping for local products

Ségou, a city in south-central Mali, is located on the banks of the River Niger and is home to some very creative people. Not only do they make beautiful pottery, but they also produce the bogolan cloth which is dyed with fermented mud. Go ahead and visit so you can get to know more about Mali’s local art scene.

7. Enjoy the capital!

As Bamako is the country’s modern city, expect to find several interesting places and things that you can visit or do while you’re there. There will be markets, botanical gardens, museums, and even craft centers.  If you want to see Malian artifacts, Musée National is a good destination for you. This is where you’ll find interesting ethnographic items from Mali’s ethnic groups.

Feeling a bit adventurous? Fetish Stalls might not be for the faint of heart, but if you can endure seeing skulls, skin, bones, dried animals or any of that sort, then it’s an interesting venue to explore.

8. Join the Festival of the Desert

  View this post on Instagram   A post shared by Alice Mutasa (@alami1906) on Jul 7, 2019 at 5:32am PDT

It’s been a while since it was last celebrated in Timbuktu. But if it ever comes back to Mali again and the situations are more stable than they are at present, this is something you definitely shouldn’t miss!

The Festival Au Desert was inspired by the Touaregs’ tradition of coming together for an annual meeting called Takoubelt which allows them to reconnect with one another, reconcile, and exchange thoughts. Here, you’ll find amazing Malian artists coming together to celebrate art, music, dance, literature and more. 

It’s also a way to celebrate the “La Famme de la Paix” which is the ceremony thousands of firearms are burned and transformed into a monument. It symbolized the peaceful ending to a rebellion that lasted for years in Timbuktu.

Frequently Asked Questions About Traveling to Mali

1. How do I get to Mali?

There are a few airlines operating flights to Mali regularly. You can get on a connecting flight to Bamako through Paris or Casablanca.

2. Do I need a visa to go to Mali?

If you are a citizen of any of these countries, you can go to Mali without a visa:

If you have a diplomatic and service passport from any of these countries, you can visit Mali for 90 days without a visa:

Cuba Russia Rwanda China (public affairs passport) South Africa (diplomatic, service and official passports)

Citizens of these countries can go to Mali with a visa on arrival:

Kenya Rwanda

3. How long is the tourist visa application process? 

It takes around 10 working days for a Malian Embassy to process your tourist visa.

4. How long is a Malian tourist visa valid for?

You can apply for a 1-month single-entry visa or a 3-month and 6-month multiple visas.

5. Is Mali safe for tourists?

Unfortunately, the situation in some of Mali’s regions isn’t so safe for visitors at the moment due to terrorist activities.

If you would like to travel to Mali, it’s best to check your country’s travel advisory first and plan to make sure you don’t get to places that are considered off-limits.

Also, if you want to visit, it’s always advisable to get a local tour operator to make sure you’re only going around places you are allowed to.

6. How do I go around Mali?

Public transportation like taxis and trains are accessible when in Mali.

7. Will I need a translator in Mali?

You probably will, unless you speak a little bit of French which is one of their official languages.

8. When is the best time to visit Mali?

The best time to visit is during the drier seasons of the year which go from October to January. You’ll also want to avoid the harmattan wind which comes from the Sahara from January to May.

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How to visit Timbuktu, the legendary city of Mali

Timbuktu / Photo by jalvarezg

Do you consider yourself an adventurous tourist? Then a visit to Timbuktu’s remote, half-mythical African city proves that the real savor of a trip comes from the journey itself, not necessarily from the leading destination. Let’s see how to visit Timbuktu !

In the heart of Mali, a landlocked African nation in the west of the continent, there is a delta. An expanse of water impossible to imagine could exist here, adorned with ribbon-like islands, unfolds before your eyes: it is the Niger River.

On its northern bank is a city, beyond which the first dunes of the vast Sahara desert recede in sandy waves towards the horizon. The full moon dominates the landscape to the west – a yellow ball sinking into a heat of scrub and sand. In the east, the sun dapples the sky with its reddish shadow. As the mud and brick buildings begin to glow in the dawn light, Timbuktu comes to life. Read more about visiting the Great Mosque of Djenne , in Mali.

Legendary Timbuktu remains in the Western imagination as a settlement somewhere outside the atlas, clinging to the Sahara desert, although the reality is somewhat different. Visiting it no longer requires the iron will of explorers and companions who are part of the native Tuareg tribes, able to traverse the desert just by ‘reading’ the texture of the sand. It’s not an easy journey, but that’s the beauty of it.

Mali and its capital, Bamako

For most tourists, the journey to Timbuktu begins on the tarmac of Mali’s only international airport, located a few kilometers south of the country’s capital,  Bamako . To describe Bamako as an example of a vast settlement in a developing nation, you must consider both its positive and negative elements.

The capital has no tall buildings and is a polluted city. The air is a cocktail of West African red dust, exhaust fumes, and burning waste. Spend just one morning around the main boulevard, and you’ll feel like you’ve inhaled a box of crayons. But in a city that covers 252 square kilometers and is cut in two by the Niger River, motor vehicles are necessary.

In any case, what the city offers in quantities as significant as the pollution is the buzz, color, and an incredible variety of bars and clubs where you can listen to some of the best live music on the continent. Also worth mentioning here is Songoniko bus station, the terminus for buses. From here, they depart every day to the port city, the first leg of the journey having Timbuktu as its final destination.

It is worth mentioning that nothing happens according to the bus schedule. The buses depart only if they are full of clients, which means their height doubles due to the roof loaded with pieces of luggage, motorbikes, and bags of food, and the corridor inside fills up with animals and local passengers. The 460 kilometers journey – this is the distance to Mopti – theoretically takes 8 hours. But from the very beginning, you should know that you will spend about two days on the road!

It’s all about keeping your optimism and preparing for what’s ahead.  Mopti , a tough town on the south bank of the Niger River, is about halfway to Timbuktu, and from here, you have two options to continue your journey.

The most convenient choice is to book a place in one of the many 4×4 vehicles. With such a car, you can easily reach Douentza, a small, poor settlement, where the asphalt ends and a day-long journey begin on a dusty road that will shake your bones to the max. It all culminates in an unforgettable trip across Niger, where herders regularly drive their cattle on the metal ramps of a small ferry, the animals squeezing as best they can through the passenger-filled land cruisers.

Those will take you to the north bank of the river, to Korioume, the settlement near Timbuktu, linked to it by a 10-kilometer-long macadam road, covered at the end of an extremely long day (that is, of course, if you don’t miss the last ferry leaving at sunset).

For more romantic travelers, Mopti offers the chance to travel the rest of the way by boat, spending the next 2 or 3 days passing through the uniquely beautiful Niger Delta and spending the nights on deck or camping by the water around the fire.

When the water level is high enough, around July to December, you can cross by one of the large steam ferries that regularly cross the river. During the dry season, you’ll have to cross the river by  pinasa  or pirogue, small private boats that carry goods and passengers together.

Once onboard, it’s easy to get into the rhythm of the smooth river journey. 

Watch fishermen on the coastal, casting their nets into the silvery waters, try your luck at spotting a hippo or two in Lake Debo and float past Naifunke, the hometown of legendary blues guitarist Ali Farka Toure. What better way than this to reach your destination?

Timbuktu, once the land of gold

Modern-day Timbuktu had changed somewhat from its prosperous 15th-century days when its reputation as one of Africa’s most prosperous trading posts gave rise to a legend that the town was formed in a land with plenty of gold. Today, the ramshackle markets and roadside stalls seem to sell all the same things, namely sour oranges and phone cards.

However, Timbuktu still has much to offer its visitors besides the honor of getting here. A UNESCO World Heritage Site, the ancient city boasts ancient mosques built of mud and brick, a collection of buildings that, at first glance, appear to be the work of long-extinct species of giant ants.

Of the three mosques, Djingareyber, built-in 1325, is the oldest and is open to the public, while the Sankori mosque once housed the city’s university, one of the world’s largest learning institutions dating back to the Middle Ages.

There are also a few modest but reasonable hotels, hostels, and restaurants here – the Boctou Hotel, with its restaurant and terrace being perhaps the most popular.

But what makes Timbuktu unique is not its brick and mud buildings or its inhabitants. The magic comes from the simple fact that this settlement really exists and the thrill you get from the thought that you might actually get there, and once you get there, you feel like every other place in the world is far, too far away.

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Travel advisory july 31, 2023, mali - level 4: do not travel.

Reissued with obsolete COVID-19 page links removed.

Do not travel to Mali due to crime, terrorism, and kidnapping .  

Country Summary: Violent crime, such as kidnapping and armed robbery, is common in Mali. Violent crime is a particular concern during local holidays and seasonal events in Bamako, its suburbs, and Mali’s southern regions.  Roadblocks and random police checkpoints are commonplace throughout the country, especially at night.

Terrorist and armed groups continue plotting kidnappings and attacks in Mali.  They may attack with little or no warning, targeting night clubs, hotels, restaurants, places of worship, international diplomatic missions, and other locations frequented by foreigners.  Attacks may target Malian government offices and infrastructure, in addition to locations frequented by Westerners.  

The U.S. government is unable to provide emergency services to U.S. citizens throughout much of Mali as U.S. government employee travel outside Bamako is restricted due to security concerns.

Due to risks to civil aviation operating within or in the vicinity of Mali, the Federal Aviation Administration (FAA) has issued a Notice to Air Missions (NOTAM).  For more information U.S. citizens should consult the Federal Aviation Administration’s Prohibitions, Restrictions and Notices .

Read the country information page for additional information on travel to Mali.

If you decide to travel to Mali:

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Tourism in Mali is focused primarily on its cultural sites, which sets it apart from other African countries with large tourism sector known for their natural features.

Mali is the most endowed in World Heritage sites in Africa. The mosques Djingary Ber and Sankore in Timbuktu, The mosque of Djenne, Dogon Country, the Tomb of Askia in Gao and Jaaral and Degal in Diafarabe and Dialloube were all recognized by the international community through inclusion in UNESCO World Heritage.

These prestigious cultural sites added to beautiful landscapes, vibrant and colorful neighborhoods and villages and the central Niger Delta with its earthen architecture and its Ramsar sites that host each year thousands of water birds, the Sahara desert whose beauty, in some places, the excitement grows as you travel across the country.

By its geographical position, its history and culture, Mali is a tourism and crafts-oriented country. However, the greatest wealth in Mali’s tourism industry is Malians themselves. Their hospitality, warmness and openness to all visitors in other words, the diatiguiya makes each visit to Mali a memorable one.  Diatiguiya  is not only defined by the extra attention paid to the visitor, but also the quality of sharing and listening.

Mali has a rich cultural background and the country celebrates various Festivals throughout the year in different regions: cultural festivals, music festivals, religious festivals, during which discussion forums are organized with the participation of foreigners from all continents.

The sub-sector of tourism (hotels, restaurants) is booming.

Accommodations:  ( List of Hotels) :

Bamako Hotel l’Amitié – Bamako, Bamako, Mali Phone: +223 21-4395 Fax: +223 21-4385

Grand Hotel l-Bamako Phone:    +223 222-2492 Fax:    +223 222-2601

SIGHTS & ATTRACTIONS

Bamako, the capital city is the melting pot of the various ethnic groups of the country. Shady, pleasant and welcoming, Bamako is one of the most traditional African capitals. Sights: -National Museum: Collection of tools, masks statues, as well as lithographic material from the -prehistoric cave of point G.

-Women’s Museum-Muso Kounda: art and handicrafts by women

-La maison des artisans: Handicrafts center

-Scenic view from Koulouba

-Zoo and surrounding 17 hectares

-Prehistoric caves

-Marche Rose

-Boucle du Baoule National Park

-Bafing Faunal Reserve

Capital of the first administrative region, Kayes was also the capital of the French Sudan during the colonial era. Located on the Senegal River and bordered by the Tambaoura mountains, Kayes still has many European style buildings and Boulevards. In Kayes, one can visit the Fort of Medine, the Baoulé National Park, the Bafing Fauna reserve; bask in numerous lakes and waterfalls

Capital of the ancient kingdom of Kenedougou, Sikasso is the economic heart of the country, thanks to the cotton and other agricultural production. It’s the only region that stays green year around. Lush landscapes and historical sites are not to be missed.

Capital of the former Bambara kingdom, Segou is the second largest city and the fourth administrative region of Mali. The city of the Balanzan trees (Acacia Albida) has well preserved its Sudanese colonial architecture. It is also known for its pottery and cloth markets

Mopti, » the Malian Venice » is the capital of the fifth region. This island has one of the busiest port on the Niger River, It is the region of tourism ‘ par excellence’. The region is a melting pot, made up of various ethnic groups which live in harmony with one another. Common languages of the area include Fulani, Bambara, Dogon, Songhoi and Bozo. Some exciting sites are: – Musée des perles – Grande Mosquée : religious building – Marché

Djenné, the oldest known city in sub-Saharan Africa is situated on the floodlands of the Niger and Bani rivers. The city is the jewel of the Niger River, and is home to the World’s largest mudbrick mosque design by the famous architect Ibn Batouta. The mosque is refinished annually during a city-wide celebration in April. While in Djenné, one should visit the vibrant Monday market, the wells of Nana Wangara built by the Moroccans in the 16th century, the Grande Mosquee, and the old town.

The Dogon country

The Dogon are best known for their mythology, their mask dances, wooden sculpture and their architecture. Located in the Mopti region, the Dogon country offers spectacular cliffs, breathtaking views, vast plains and mystical cosmology. The scenic Dogon villages are built on the sides of the cliffs. The well-preserved culture and villages of the Dogon people is a must-see for any visitor to Mali.

Is a wonderful city in the northern part of Mali. This city has a great historical significance because it was founded back in the 12th century. Also known as the ‘mysterious city’ Timbuktu is the capital of the sixth administrative region of Mali. In the year 1988 it was given the honor of a world heritage site. Long a legendary destination for adventurers, Timbuktu was finally reached on April 20, 1828 by the French explorer Rene Caillé who said: ‘When I entered this mysterious city…. I was overwhelmed by an indescribable feeling of satisfaction. I had never felt such a feeling in my life and my joy was extreme.” Timbuktu continues to entice travelers from across the world, who come, eager to uncover its mysteries and discover its cultural heritage. Among others: -The Ahmed Baba Center: an institute for higher Islamic studies with a collection of many books from the 14th century. -Family libraries: containing precious manuscripts handed down over generations. Timbuktu is home of the largest and oldest ancient manuscript collection -Sankoré University is housed within the Sankoré mosque, and is one of the oldest universities in the world. Sankoré was founded in 989 by the chief judge of Timbuktu, and became a significant seat of learning in the Muslim world, particularly under the reign of Mansa Musa and then the Askia Dynasty (1493-1591). Students came from around the world, and in the 12th century Sankoré had an attendance of 25,000 students (in a city of only 100,000 people). The University was known for its high standards and admission requirements. While its achievements in higher education are important to Islamic civilization, they are perhaps even more important as a source of pride to humanity.

-Djinguereber Mosque: built in clay, the mosque Djinguereber is one of three major mosques in Timbuktu built between the twelfth and fifteenth century, then the most opulent of the city.

-The old city: The city’s ancient monuments take you back to its glorious past. The mosques, a fusion of Berber, Andalusian and Egyptian architecture, are masterpieces made almost entirely of mud brick -The Azalaï caravans: watch passing camel caravans arriving from the northern salt mines of taoudenit – The lake Horo wetland, a natural reserve.

Gao was the capital of the powerful Songhai empire in the 15th and 16th centuries. Gao lies 1,200 km northeast of Bamako and was the last Malian port before Niger. The Tuaregs and Songhai inhabitants of Gao are known for their gourmet, their hospitality and famous Touareg jewelry.

Kidal is pure Sahara, with its chains of beautiful mountains. The “blue men” of the desert, the dance of the camels, the rich handicrafts of the Touareg people and the 12th century cave paintings of tadamaket all add to the charm of this mysterious place. People live there from livestock and handicrafts production.

For more info: Office Malien du Tourisme:  www.omatho.com

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