when should a pre trip inspection be completed

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The Pre-Trip Inspection: A Practical Guide For the Truck Driver

Updated February 24th, 2022

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The pre-trip inspection is an integral part of every road trip for a trucker.

It’s probably the most disliked and most often overlooked part of the job of the professional truck driver in the trucking industry.

This inspection is meant to be a thorough check of the truck, trailer and load.

The check is to ensure that everything is in correct working order, prior to the truck and driver, departing on a trip.

Any damage or issues found during the pre-trip inspection which needs attention, must be addressed before departure.

CDL Test Pre-Trip Inspection

 If you just came through the process of getting your CDL, you can breathe a sigh of relief.

You don’t have to check all 500 or so items that you had to memorize for the test every single day.

Out on the road, a thorough pre trip shouldn’t take more than 10 to 15 minutes.

DVIRs – Daily Vehicle Inspection Report

According to federal law ( FMCSR Section 396.11 ), every day, a driver must submit a Daily Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR) for each power unit he operates. Multiple trailers can go in one report.

DVIRs are either paper or electronic.

Not every trucking company (ahem) enforces this policy, so some truck drivers can go months or years without submitting a DVIR.

Minimum DOT Pre-Trip Inspection Requirements

• Service brakes including trailer brake connections
• Parking brake
• Steering mechanism
• Lighting devices and reflectors
• Windshield wipers
• Rear vision mirrors
• Coupling devices
• Wheels and rims
• Emergency equipment

Your trucking company’s DVIR might be more thorough.

This is a thorough Q&A on DVIRs which you can refer to.

Inspecting a New Truck

When you are assigned a new truck (either daily or just once), there are a few additional things you need to check for on the pre-trip inspection.

Truck Compliance

• Cab card and book – This is a book containing the registration, inspection, permits, cab cards, IFTA paperwork, and any other important papers for the truck. Make sure it is in the truck and all the paperwork is up to date.
• Inspection sticker – This is outside the truck. Find it and make sure the truck is not overdue.
• IFTA stickers – These are the fuel tax compliance stickers. They are on both sides of the truck. Make sure the current year is displayed.
• Elog device – Most trucks are required to have a working elog device.
• Required permits – These are in the cab card book. The most common permits are Heavy Motor Vehicle Trip Permit (Oregon) and the Weight Distance Tax Permit (New Mexico).
• New York HUT sticker – This is usually on the front of your truck. It’s a type of permit.
• License plate – Make sure the license plates on the front and back of the truck match.
• FMCSA Safety Regulations and Hazardous Materials book – These will be given to you by your company. They must stay in your truck within arms reach from the driver’s seat.
• Paper logbook – If your e-log stops working, you must log your hours in a paper logbook, which must be kept in your truck.
• Medical card – You must keep your current medical card in your truck. Always have your CDL on you as well.
• Orange triangles – You must have 3 triangles for when you break down.
• Fire extinguisher – Must be charged and secured to the truck. No rolling around on the floor.
• Extra fuses – If your truck doesn’t use circuit breakers, you must have spare fuses.
• Load bars and/or straps
• Extra oil, coolant, and windshield washer fluid
• Line antifreeze and diesel anti-gel
• Chains and bungees
• Gladhand seals
• Hammer, wrench, wire cutters, cable cutters, knife with glass-breaker

The Class A Pre-Trip Inspection Process

Unless I have to bobtail to pick up my trailer, I inspect my truck and trailer together.

The best way to memorize a thorough pre trip is to do it the same way each time.

Your process will look different from mine, but as long as you are consistent, you will be less likely to miss anything.

I do the inspection first thing each morning as well as every time I swap trailers.

Paperwork and Trailer

• Check the paperwork. It should be the first thing checked when you get to your truck.
• Match the trailer number to your paperwork. If your trailer has a seal, make sure it matches too.
• Unsealed trailer. If your trailer does not have a seal, open it and confirm the product matches the bills. If you are picking up an empty trailer, open it and make sure it’s actually empty.
• Confirm your destination. Ensure the destination is the same as on your trip sheet or load assignment. If there is a discrepancy, call your dispatcher.

I personally like to start with checking under the hood of the rig. Not everyone does, but I do.

Under the Hood of the Truck

I walk around the front of the truck, making sure all the lights work. Then I open the hood.

• Fluid levels – Check all fluids: coolant, oil, power steering fluid, and windshield washer fluid. Make sure caps are tight for the rad, oil filler, power steering fluid and the dip-stick is seated properly.
• Alternator, water pump, power steering pump –Make sure these are in good working order, and the belts are not worn or have too much slack.
• Observe at the engine block.  Check for leaks, fluid running down the side of the engine. Check for wear, cracking or fraying. Inspect fan belts for proper tension and signs of wear.
• Hoses – Check all hoses for leaks, cracks, and tears.
• Wiring – Check wiring for wear.
• Steering linkage – Check linkage for worn or missing parts.
• Tires – Tires should be properly inflated and have decent tread. If there are flat spots on the tire, it needs to be replaced.
• Hub seal – Make sure it’s not leaking and wiped with oil if transparent.
• Brakes – Brake chambers should not be out of round and should be free of grease. Shoes should not be worn down too much.
• Slack adjusters – Pull slack adjuster. If it travels more than an inch, it needs to be adjusted.
• Suspension – Shocks should be in good condition, and not covered in grease or oil.

Back of the Truck

Next, I check the back of my truck because it’s easier to check this before hooking to a trailer.

• Tires – Tires should be properly inflated and have decent tread. If the tires have flat spots, the tire needs to be replaced.
• Suspension – Shocks and airbags should be in good condition, and not covered in grease or oil.
• Drive shaft – Driveshaft should be undamaged and free of grease. Make sure there is no debris in the u-joints.
• Frame – The frame should not have any welds and not cracked or significantly rusted.
• Fifth wheel – The fifth wheel should be properly greased and not broken.
• Fuel tanks – Fuel tanks should not be leaking.
• Stairs and catwalk – Stairs and catwalk should be free of debris and not broken.

Tires should be checked with a tire gauge.

Tip . This is especially if you are slip seating. Tire thumpers aren’t very accurate. If you use a tire thumper, still check with a tire gauge from time to time.

Drives and tandems should be inflated to 100-110 psi and have a minimum tread or 2/32in. Steer tires should be inflated to 110-120 psi and have a minimum tread of 4/32in.

Tires under 50 psi should be replaced, as they can’t retain enough air pressure.

Flat spots can occur from dragging tandems in the winter or when trying to slide the tandems. Tires with flat spots should be replaced.

Check tires for damage, nails, and punctures.

Next, I jump in my cab and start my truck.

• Gauges – Make sure air, oil, and water temperature gauges rise to normal levels.
• Mirrors – Adjust mirrors before moving your truck.
• Windshield wipers – Make sure they work and sit flat against the windshield.
• Horn – Make sure the city and air horns both work.
• Heat and A/C – Check to see if heat and/or air conditioning is working.
• Seat belt – Seat belt should not be frayed and should move freely.

Coupling and Air Lines

This is what could happen if you don’t do the tug test.

The pre-trip inspection is a pretty important thing to do.

Learn your pre-trip procedure and do it when required.

This is why you should always do a tug test when picking up a trailer. The passenger side of the front of the trailer is resting on the frame of the truck and NOT hooked up to the 5th wheel.

The front left corner of the trailer is supported by retracted landing gear only. (Not good!)

The truck driver in this photo (hopefully) learned how critical a pre-trip is. Don’t end up in a pickle like this guy.

Next, I hook up to my trailer.

• Tug test – I back under my trailer until I hear a click, and then immediately do a tug test.

A tug test tests both your coupling and your brakes. If you pull away from your trailer, you aren’t hooked properly.

If you pull your trailer with you, your trailer brakes are out of adjustment. Be absolutely sure to write it up and have it corrected before departure.

• 4 Ways + Headlights. I also turn on my four-way flashers and headlights.
• Airlines and pigtails – Next, hook up airlines and pigtails (electrical connection). Inspect to make sure they aren’t leaking or ripped.
• Visual check of Fifth wheel – Look at the fifth wheel arm under the trailer to make sure it is coupled. The arm should be in.
• Landing gear – Raise the landing gear and check for damage.

Next, I check the bulkhead (front of the trailer).

• Wall – Make sure the wall is not damaged.
• Inspection sticker – Check the DOT inspection sticker to make sure it’s not out of date.
• Registration paperwork – Check the front trailer box to make sure the registration is good.
• Reefer unit – If you are pulling a reefer, select the pre trip function on the unit and run it. It should be completed by the time you are finished your pre trip inspection.

Next step for the pre-trip inspection is to check the side of the trailer and the tandems.

• Lights – Lights should be on and flashing.
• Suspension – springs or airbags should be in good condition, and not covered in oil or grease.
• Tandem pins – Tandem pins should be locked in position, and slider arm should be in its cradle.
• Cables – Make sure the tandem cables aren’t dragging on the ground.
• Underbelly – Make sure there are no damaged beams under the trailer. Check the entire length.
• Mudflaps – Mud flaps should not be torn and hanging.

Back of Trailer

Next, I check the back of the trailer.

• Doors – Doors and hinges should not be damaged.
• Door latches – Doors should be closed and secured.
• Seal – Seal should be intact and match paperwork.
• DOT bumper – DOT bumper should not be damaged
• License plate – Check for the license plate. They tend to wear out and fall off.

Passenger Side

Next, I check the passenger side.

• Brakes – Brake chambers should not be out of round and should be free of grease.
• Suspension – Springs or airbags should be in good condition, and not covered in grease or oil.
• Mudflaps – Mud flaps should not be torn.

Ready to Roll

Finally, I jump in my truck and double check my paperwork and destination.

I release my air brakes, roll forward, and push the service brake.

If everything is good, I’m ready to roll.

Post-Trip Inspection

When I’m done for the day, and every time I swap trailers, I do a post-trip inspection. If I am swapping trailers, I do a pre-trip on the new trailer as well.

A post-trip includes:

• lowering the landing gear
• removing the airlines
• uncoupling, and walking around the trailer checking tires, lights, seal, and mudflaps

Then I finish my paperwork and go home.

Slip Seating

If you slip seat (meaning you are in a different truck each shift), your pre- trip check should be more thorough than if you are permanently assigned a truck.

This also applies to the first inspection after being assigned a truck.

Please be courteous and write up any problems or issues found, so the next driver of the vehicle doesn’t have to deal with it.

Side Note: Clean out your truck and throw away any trash. Common courtesy goes a long way in trucking, between drivers.

Pre-Trip Inspection F.A.Q.

Most breakdowns can be avoided with proper preventative measures, such as daily inspections.

Thorough inspections should be done at the start of each shift. Inspections of trailers should be done every time you swap trailers.

Each driver should do a thorough pre-trip every time they swap drivers.

It should take about 10-15 minutes to perform a pre trip inspection.

The DOT. Make sure you stay in compliance so you don’t end up with hefty fines and an out of service.

The best way to memorize your pre trip inspection routine, is to do it the same way every time. That way you’re less likely to miss something. If you have questions, ask your safety team at your company.

Fluids in the engine, engine hoses and wires, brakes and suspension, mudflaps, trailer registration and inspection paperwork, and license plates.

A Few Trip Planning Tips

• Buy and learn to read a trucker’s atlas. It’s useful to plan routes and avoid restricted roads. I find this road atlas a necessity as a professional truck driver.
• Buy a decent trucking GPS , but don’t rely on it 100%. Use common sense.
• Don’t use the GPS in your elog device. It will put you in a lake.

Please note that minimum requirements for the inspection are established by the FMCSA.

But these may vary by state, trucking company, truck type, and trailer type.

It is your duty as a professional truck driver to perform a thorough pre-trip inspection before each trip and before you drive.

You’ll save yourself from headaches, fines and unnecessary accidents.

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Complete pre-trip inspection checklist for truck drivers

By The Schneider Guy

Estimated reading time: 4 minutes  

As a truck driver, performing a CDL pre-trip inspection is one of the most common and repeated tasks you will complete. Pre-trip inspections help truck drivers ensure their tractor and trailer are safe to operat e before hitting the road.  

Keep reading to learn what a p re -trip inspection is and what should be on a p re -trip inspection checklist .      

What is a pre-trip inspection?  

A pre-trip inspection includes checking over the tractor and trailer a truck driver will be operating . A pre-trip should be completed before the operation of a vehicle :  

• At the beginning of a driver’s shift.
• Any time a new trailer is picked up.
• After a 10-hour break.

A thorough inspection usually takes anywhere from 30 minutes to one hour and should be logged as on-duty, not driving (line 4) .

How to complete a CDL pre-trip inspection  

CDL pre-trip inspection checklist   

1. passenger-side engine:   .

• Air filter housing: Secure mounting, cover in place.
• Windshield washer fluid reservoir: No leaks, proper fluid level.
• Turbocharger: No oil or exhaust leaks.
• Engine air ductwork: No cuts, clamps secured.
• Alternator: Mounting secured, no broken or loose wire.
• Accessory drive belt: Not cracked or frayed.
• Air conditioner compressor: Secure m ounting .

2. Front brakes (covers all five brake components):   

• Brake drum: No cracks.
• Brake lining: No cracks or damage.
• Slack adjuster: Proper angle to the brake chamber, clevis and cotter pin intact.
• Brake air line: No bulges or cuts, fitting tight .
• Brake chamber: Mounting bolts secured, band clamp secured.

3. Front wheel:   

• Tire: ABCs (abrasions, bulges, cuts), pressure = 120 PSI, tread depth = 4/32 min ( DOT ) .
• Wheel: Not cracked or bent.
• Hub oil: Not leaking, at proper level – if it’s a sealed unit, can’t check level.
• Oil seal (outer): Not leaking.
• Valve cap: Not missing.
• Lug nuts: None missing, no streaks or shiny areas, none loose.

4. Driver side of engine:   

• Radiator brace: No cracks or missing bolts.
• Radiator: Not leaking, secure mounting.
• Water pump: No cracks, not loose or leaking.
• Fuel water separator/filter: Not leaking, secure mounting.
• Pitman arm/drag link: Not cracked, castle nut secured with cotter pin.
• Steering gear box: Secure to frame, not leaking.
• Power steering reservoir: Secure mounting , no leaks, proper level.
• Dipstick: Right level, secured after check.
• Steering shaft: Secure, not loose or damaged.
• Fuel pump: No cracks, not loose or damaged.
• Oil filler cap: Secure, no cracks.
• Engine coolant reservoir: No leaks, proper fluid level.

5. Steer axle suspension:   

• U-bolts: No cracks, no loose or missing nuts.
• Leak spring: No cracks, not loose or shifting.
• Tie rod: Secured with castle nuts and cotter pins.
• Shock absorber: Secure mounting, not leaking oil.
• Axle: Not cracked.

6. Rear suspension:   

• Spring mount: No cracks, secure mounting.
• Tire: ABCs (abrasions, bulges, cuts), pressure = 110 PSI, tread depth = 2/32 min ( DOT ) .
• Airbag (bellows): Fully inflated, secure mounting, not ruptured.

7. Side of cab:   

• Mirrors: Secure m ounting , no broken glass.
• Doors: No damage, glass not broken, hinges secured, opens and closes well.
• Lights and turn signals: Working, not cracked.
• Steps: Mounted, secured to skirting.
• Battery box: Secure m ounting , cover latched.
• DEF cap: Cap secured.
• Fuel cap/tank: Gasket in place, vent in place, chain secures the cap to the tank.
• Side skirting: No damage, panels secure.
• Side box: Secured, safety triangles present.
• Side of sleeper berth: No body damage.
• Sleeper berth window: No cracks.

8. Rear of cab:   

• Electrical cord: No bare wire, no corrosion, check the plug at the end of the cord.
• Air line: Not tangled or worn, rubber grommets not worn, fittings tight.
• Cab shock absorber: Secure mounting, not leaking oil.
• Cab airbag (bellows): Not ruptured, securely mounted.

9. Driveshaft/rear frame:   

• Driveshaft: Not cracked.
• Universal joint: Not cracked, not missing bolts, no shiny areas.
• Differential: Not leaking oil.
• Frame: Straight, no non-factory welds.

10. Fifth wheel area:   

• Pivot pin: Keeper pin and cotter key intact.
• Slider lock pins: Fully engaged.
• Release arm: Not bent.
• Slider rail: No broken welds or missing bolts.
• Slider stop blocks: Welds not broken, not missing bolts.
• 5th wheel platform: Well-greased, tilted down.

11. Front of trailer:   

• Top rail: No cracks or collision damage.
• Clearance lights: Not broken, working properly.
• Registration: Not missing, readable.
• Document box: Not missing or loose.
• Air line /glad hands: No bulges or cuts in air lines, rubber grommets not damaged on glad hands.
• Electric hook up: No broken pins, cover intact.
• PM sticker: Current, legible.
• Height sticker: Legible, legal for route.
• Placard holder: Not broken or missing rivets.
• Tracking device: No cracks or collision damage.

12. Side of trailer:   

• Top rail: Not cracked, no collision damage.
• Clearance light: Not broken, operational.
• Bottom light: Not cracked, no collision damage, no missing bolts.
• Landing gear: Legs straight, no broken welds in bracing, sand pads secured and clean handle in cradle.
• Reflector tape: Clean.
• Side panels: No holes or cuts, no missing rivets.

13. Rear of trailer:   

• Latches: Secured, not damaged.
• Lights: Not broken or missing, operational.
• Splash guard: Brackets and guard secured.
• License plate: Secure and clean, light is working.
• Bumper: Not damaged, no broken welds.
• Door hooks: Not loose, no missing bolts.
• Hinges: Not cracked, no missing bolts on both sides.
• Door seals: No separation, no rubber tubing sticking out.

14. Trailer suspension:   

• Air line: No bulges or cuts, fittings are tight and not rubbing.
• Axle: Not bent or broken.
• Clevis pin/cotter key: Not missing.
• Slack adjuster: Proper angle, clevis pin and cotter pin intact.
• Brake linings: Minimum of ¼ inch thick, not cracked.
• Brake drum: Not cracked.
• Tire: (ABCs), tread depth = 2/32 , air pressure = 110 PSI.
• Spring: Not broken, not shifted.
• Spring mount: No broken welds.
• U bolts: Not loose, not cracked.
• Torque rod: Secure mounting, bushings intact.
• Spring brake chamber: Secure m ounting , band clamp secure.

15. Gauges/inside the truck:   

• Fuel: Matches visual when looking in the tank.
• Def level: Maintain a minimum of one light bar.
• Oil pressure: 25-50 PSI.
• Speedometer: 0-60 MPH.
• Air pressure: 90-120 PSI.

Please note that the list above is just an example. It is important to remember the type of driver you are, the company you work for and the type of truck you drive can impact your CDL pre-trip inspection . Be sure to consult your company guidelines or speak with your leader for more information on your post-trip inspection requirements.  

Get more great driving tips and guides.

Schneider Guy loves the "Big Orange." He's passionate about the trucking industry and connecting people to rewarding careers within it. He's been the eyes and ears of our company since our founding in 1935, and he's excited to interact with prospective and current Schneider associates through "A Slice of Orange."

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Pre-Trip Inspection: An Essential Guide for Commercial Drivers

Why are pre trip inspections essential, and how can they make a difference in the daily lives of truck drivers? With safety, regulatory compliance, and preventative maintenance on the line, pre trip inspections are a crucial aspect of ensuring smooth and efficient operations on the road. In this blog post, we dive into the critical components of pre trip inspection and provide valuable tips and resources to help drivers stay ahead of potential hazards and costly repairs.

• Pre-trip inspections are essential for promoting safety, compliance, and cost savings while on the road.
• The pre-trip inspection process should take approximately 10–15 minutes and include items such as braking systems, steering & suspension systems, emergency equipment & engine compartment.
• Establishing a routine for pre-trip inspections with sufficient time to check all components is key to ensuring vehicle safety and regulatory compliance. Accurate records must also be kept.

The Importance of Pre-Trip Inspections

• Lessen accident risks
• Comply with regulations
• Maintain the vehicle’s condition
• Avert expensive repairs and downtime

Frequent inspections, such as periodic inspection, are important for maintaining safety and preventing costly issues.

The benefits of conducting pre-trip inspections include:

• Ensuring safety and compliance with regulations like DOT inspections
• Preventing fines, penalties, and potential harm to the driver’s or company’s reputation
• Acting as preventative maintenance, catching minor issues before they escalate
• Saving time, reducing repair costs, and minimizing downtime

Safety Concerns

Ensuring the vehicle’s safety is of paramount importance when conducting pre-trip inspections. A thorough examination of various components is necessary, including:

• Fire extinguishers
• Brake lights

This enables drivers to spot potential hazards and affirm the vehicle’s operational readiness, ultimately reducing the risk of accidents, in line with the goals of the Commercial Vehicle Safety Alliance.

However, the consequences of neglecting a thorough pre-trip inspection can be severe. Overlooking potential hazards may render the vehicle unfit for operation, increasing the risk of collisions. An inspection focused solely on the vehicle can spot these hazards and confirm the vehicle’s safety, underlining the significance of a thorough pre-trip inspection.

Regulatory Compliance

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration mandates pre-trip inspections as part of DOT inspections for commercial motor vehicles, requiring drivers to acknowledge and certify that appropriate repairs have been made before commencing a trip. Non-compliance with pre-trip inspection regulations can result in fines, penalties, and harm to a driver’s or company’s reputation. Conducting periodic inspections can help maintain compliance and ensure the vehicle’s safety.

A Driver Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR) is an essential tool to guarantee regulatory adherence. Watching a pre-trip inspection video can help drivers understand the process and ensure they follow the correct procedures, further emphasizing the need for thorough pre-trip inspections.

Preventative Maintenance

Preventative maintenance is an essential aspect of vehicle upkeep, aiming to prolong the lifespan of corporate assets, equipment, and infrastructure. By inspecting, cleaning, lubricating, adjusting, and replacing parts as necessary, drivers can detect minor issues before they escalate into major problems, saving time and money on repairs and reducing downtime.

The advantages of preventative maintenance include enhanced safety, increased efficiency, and minimized downtime. By incorporating pre-trip inspections into a regular maintenance routine, drivers can ensure their vehicles remain in optimal condition and avoid unexpected breakdowns or costly repairs.

Pre-Trip Inspection Process

Conducting pre-trip inspections at the start of each shift and each time a trailer swap occurs is integral. Such regularity aids in upholding the vehicle’s safety, roadworthiness, and regulatory compliance while also acting as preventative maintenance. The average inspection should last between 10-15 minutes, allowing enough time for a thorough examination of all components.

Engine Compartment

Inspecting the engine compartment is a critical part of the pre-trip inspection process. Drivers should examine the engine for leaks, fluid levels, belts, hoses, and other critical components to ensure optimal performance and prevent breakdowns. This includes checking the water pump, power steering pump, and alternator for any signs of leakage, fraying of belts, and ensuring that all components are securely mounted.

Additionally, drivers should verify the location of the dipstick and the appropriate oil level, as well as inspect the coolant system for proper levels, hose conditions, and secure mounting at both ends. By carefully examining each part of the engine compartment, drivers can maintain their vehicle’s performance and avoid unexpected issues on the road.

Exterior and Tires

A thorough inspection of the vehicle’s exterior and tires is crucial for ensuring its safety and roadworthiness. This includes checking the lights, reflectors, fuel tank, battery, and tires for any damage or wear that could impact safety or performance. Tires should be inspected for adequate tread, cuts, bubbles, or gouges, and to make sure there are no foreign objects, such as stones or large debris, between the wheels and no space between tires and rims.

Moreover, it is vital to check and maintain the appropriate air pressure in the tires to ensure optimal performance and prevent tire-related accidents. By carefully inspecting the exterior and tires, drivers can guarantee a safer and more efficient driving experience.

cabin and Controls

The cabin and controls of a commercial vehicle play a crucial role in the driver’s safety and comfort on the road. During a pre-trip inspection, drivers should examine the cabin for proper functioning of:

• other essential equipment

They should also ensure the availability of emergency equipment.

In addition to checking seatbelts, mirrors, seat position, steering wheel, pedals, windshield, lights, turn signals, ABS lights, gauges, windshield wipers, and horns, it’s essential to verify that all required emergency equipment, such as fire extinguishers, warning devices, and first aid kits, are present and in good working condition.

By thoroughly inspecting the cabin and controls, drivers can ensure a safe and comfortable driving experience.

Essential Items on a Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

In addition to the aforementioned items, a pre-trip inspection checklist should also include the engine compartment, exterior and tires, and cabin and controls, as previously discussed. Combining all these components in a well-structured checklist ensures a thorough and effective pre-trip inspection that promotes safety and compliance.

Braking System

The braking system is a vital component of any vehicle, and a thorough inspection is necessary to ensure proper functionality and safety. During a pre-trip inspection, drivers should examine all components of the braking system, including air brakes, parking brakes, and hydraulic systems.

Specifically, drivers should inspect the following parts of the service brake system for any signs of wear or damage:

• Brake chamber
• Slack adjuster

By carefully examining each part, drivers can guarantee the vehicle’s safe operation and prevent potential accidents due to brake failure.

Steering and Suspension

A vehicle’s steering and suspension systems play a significant role in ensuring proper handling and a smooth ride. During a pre-trip inspection, drivers should inspect the steering components, suspension system, and wheel alignment to guarantee the vehicle’s optimal performance.

Specifically, drivers should examine the following components of the steering and suspension systems:

• Ball joints
• Tie rod ends
• Strut mounts or shock towers
• Steering effort for both manual and power systems

By thoroughly inspecting these components, drivers can maintain the vehicle’s handling capabilities and provide a comfortable driving experience.

Emergency Equipment

Ensuring the presence and proper functioning of emergency equipment is a crucial part of a pre-trip inspection. Drivers should verify that all required emergency equipment, such as fire extinguishers, warning devices, and first aid kits, are present and in good working condition.

In addition to these items, drivers should also be familiar with the location and operation of any other emergency equipment required by law or their specific company. By confirming the availability and functionality of emergency equipment, drivers can be prepared for unforeseen situations and enhance the overall safety of their vehicle.

Digital Tools and Resources for Pre-Trip Inspections

• Mobile apps that provide checklists and guides for conducting pre-trip inspections
• Online videos and tutorials that demonstrate best practices for inspecting different parts of the truck
• Websites and forums where drivers can stay updated with the latest regulations and requirements for pre-trip inspections

By leveraging these digital tools, truck drivers can enhance their knowledge and efficiency when it comes to pre-trip inspections.

These digital resources not only simplify the pre-trip inspection process but also help drivers maintain compliance with regulations and support preventative maintenance efforts. By leveraging technology, drivers can enhance their pre-trip inspections and promote safety and efficiency on the road.

Mobile Apps

Mobile apps designed for pre-trip inspections can greatly benefit truck drivers by creating checklists, tracking progress, and storing records digitally for easy access and compliance. Some popular mobile apps for pre-trip inspections include iAuditor, Whip Around DVIR software, Teletrac Navman Pre-trip Checklist tool, and Titan GPS Digital Pre-trip Inspection.

By utilizing these apps, drivers can:

• Generate checklists tailored to their specific vehicle and requirements
• Monitor their progress throughout the inspection
• Maintain digital records for future reference and compliance purposes

This not only simplifies the driver only inspection process but also ensures that drivers are following a thorough and effective routine.

Online Videos and Tutorials

Online videos and tutorials serve as valuable resources for truck drivers looking to enhance their pre-trip inspection skills and knowledge. By accessing these resources, drivers can learn best practices for conducting pre-trip inspections and stay updated on regulations and requirements.

Drivers can find online resources on websites, YouTube channels, and other digital platforms that provide informative and instructional content on pre-trip inspections. By staying informed and utilizing these resources, drivers can ensure they are conducting thorough and effective pre-trip inspections that promote safety and compliance.

Tips for a Successful Pre-Trip Inspection

To ensure a thorough and effective pre-trip inspection, truck drivers should establish a routine, take their time, and keep accurate records. Following these tips allows drivers to boost safety, comply with regulations, and bolster preventative maintenance efforts.

Adopting a consistent routine for pre-trip inspections helps ensure that all components are checked and nothing is overlooked. Here are some tips to follow:

• Allow sufficient time for a thorough inspection, typically between 15-30 minutes, to prevent missed issues and potential safety hazards.
• Check all essential components, including tires, brakes, lights, mirrors, and fluid levels.
• Keep detailed records of the inspections, including any issues identified and actions taken.

Regularly review and update your inspection checklist to ensure it covers all necessary items. By following these tips and maintaining a consistent pre-trip inspection routine, you can demonstrate compliance and support preventative maintenance efforts.

Establish a Routine

Developing a consistent routine for conducting pre-trip inspections is crucial for ensuring all components are checked and nothing is overlooked. Adhering to a systematic process lets drivers ensure the vehicle’s safety, roadworthiness, and regulatory compliance.

Some recommended components to include in a pre-trip inspection routine are:

• The engine compartment
• Exterior and tires
• Cabin and controls
• Braking system
• Steering and suspension
• Emergency equipment

By incorporating all of these components into a well-structured routine, drivers can guarantee a thorough and effective pre-trip inspection.

Take Your Time

Allowing sufficient time for a thorough pre-trip inspection is essential to prevent missed issues and potential safety hazards. An average inspection should last between 15-30 minutes, giving drivers enough time to examine all components in detail and ensure the vehicle’s safety and roadworthiness.

Allocating time for pre-trip inspections helps drivers reduce the risk of missing critical issues and affirm the vehicle’s operational readiness. Remember, a thorough vehicle only inspection is not only essential for safety but also for compliance with regulations and preventing costly repairs down the line.

Keep Accurate Records

Maintaining detailed records of pre-trip inspections is essential for demonstrating compliance with regulations and supporting preventative maintenance efforts. Drivers should document any issues identified during the inspection, along with the actions taken to address them.

Maintaining accurate records enables drivers to easily refer back to past inspections and monitor the vehicle’s maintenance history. This not only helps ensure compliance with regulations but also supports proactive maintenance initiatives that can prevent major issues and costly repairs.

In Conclusion

Pre-trip inspections are an essential aspect of ensuring safety, compliance, and preventative maintenance for truck drivers. By following a systematic process, utilizing digital tools and resources, and implementing practical tips, drivers can guarantee thorough and effective inspections that promote safety and efficiency on the road. Remember, a well-executed pre-trip inspection not only minimizes risks but also contributes to a smoother and more enjoyable driving experience.

Frequently Asked Questions

Which of these items should be checked in a pre-trip inspection.

A pre-trip inspection should include thorough safety inspections of the coupling system, vehicle lights, engine compartment, tires and brakes, chassis, fuel tanks, and an in-cab inspection, and must be logged in your logbook as “on duty not driving.” This inspection should be done before every trip to ensure the safety of the driver and other motorists. It is important to check the coupling system for any signs of wear or damage, as well as the vehicle lights, engine compartment, tires and brakes, chassis, and fuel tanks. Additionally, an in-cab inspection should be conducted to ensure that all safety requirements are met.

What is the first step in the pre-trip inspection?

The first step of the pre-trip inspection is to check under the hood, starting at the front of the vehicle and inspecting the various components of the truck’s engine compartment. Begin by checking the oil level, coolant level, and power steering fluid level. Make sure all hoses and belts are in good condition and that all fluid levels are at the proper levels. Check the battery terminals and cables for corrosion and make sure the battery is connected and functioning.

What are the ABSC in a pre-trip inspection?

Pre-trip inspections involve inspecting all parts of a truck and trailer for abrasion, bruises, cuts, bent, broken or cracked parts, and ensuring all air and liquid-holding parts are not leaking. It’s recommended to do the inspection in order, starting with the truck and then the trailer, touching each part and working from the top down and from the center out while wearing gloves.

Which is not checked during an exterior pre-trip inspection?

The reservoir sight glass of the coolant level is not checked during an exterior pre-trip inspection, whereas the oil pressure gauge, wiper arms and blades, horn and heater/defroster should all be checked.

What does DOT mean in inspection?

DOT stands for U.S. Department of Transportation and a DOT inspection is conducted to ensure that commercial motor vehicles are up to standards and safe for public use.

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Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist for Truckers

July 28, 2023.

Table of Contents

The most important element of a truck driver’s daily routine is the pre-trip inspection. Pairing a comprehensive pre-trip inspection with a regular preventative truck maintenance schedule is key to ensuring your safety and the safety of others on the road . To give you an idea of how essential the pre-trip inspection is, consider that drivers are required by law to record at least one inspection per day.

Finding and fixing mechanical defects early is essential to functioning as a safe operator.

What is a Pre-trip Inspection?

The pre-trip inspection is the process of thoroughly examining the truck before starting a new journey. It ensures the safety of the driver and the others sharing the road with them by identifying and addressing mechanical issues early on, so truckers can prevent unexpected breakdowns, delays, and potential accidents. 

Drivers must record at least one pre-trip inspection per day. Learning the process is crucial for obtaining a commercial driver's license (CDL) and continuing a successful career in the industry. 

Benefits of a Truck Pre-Trip Inspection

Aside from being a requirement, here are some benefits of conducting a thorough pre-trip inspection:

• Safety is prioritized by the early identification of potential mechanical issues, ensuring a secure journey for truck drivers and others on the road.
• Early detection and resolution of mechanical problems during this essential routine lead to reduced delays and costly repairs.
• Regulatory compliance is showcased as pre-trip inspections are a legal requirement, reflecting professionalism and commitment to safety.
• Smooth schedules are maintained as pre-trip inspections help prevent unexpected breakdowns and disruptions.
• Early issue identification and timely repairs achieve cost savings and prolonged vehicle lifespan.
• Improved fuel efficiency results from ensuring components like tires and engines are in top condition.
• Trust and professionalism are earned by conducting regular inspections, leaving a positive impression on clients, employers, and regulators.
• Reduced on-road accidents are promoted by verifying lights and brakes are in optimal condition.
• Boosted driver confidence is achieved by confirming the truck's peak condition, enabling worry-free journeys.

This powerful routine keeps us safe, compliant, and efficient on our trucking journey.

15-minute Pre-trip Inspection Checklist

A properly conducted pre-trip inspection is a core proficiency evaluated during the CDL exam. The most efficient way to prepare for the pre-trip inspection exam is to use a checklist. Practice using the checklist several times a day until you have the process memorized and have mastered this important truck driver skill . It will serve you well in helping you obtain your CDL and will continue to benefit you throughout your career.

It may seem overwhelming and difficult at first , but with practice, the pre-trip inspection will become a habit. To help you, we’ve prepared this pre-trip inspection guide.

A good starting point is the FMCSA and its regulations concerning the pre-trip inspection. Different companies have produced their pre-trip inspection checklists, so it’s a good idea to consult your company’s guidance and compare it with the FMCSA regulations to ensure you are conducting a compliant inspection. 

Some common elements you will encounter on most checklists include:

1. Tire Inspection

Every 10 ° F change in air temperature can make vehicle, truck, and light truck tires lose one psi pressure. A tire with low pressure has a negative effect on the distance needed to stop and miles per gallon of gas.

Ensure no foreign objects are between the wheels and no space between tires and rims. Evaluate the tires for sufficient tread depth and look for cuts, bubbles, or gouges. 

Insufficient treads increase the likelihood of losing control from hydroplaning or sliding on standing water, snow, or ice. This is an especially important detail when preparing to drive your truck in winter weather conditions.

2. Lights and Reflectors Check

Verify the proper functioning of exterior lights, turn signals, warning lights, and clean lenses for maximum visibility. Ensure reflectors are free of dirt or debris and intact without cracks or missing pieces.

3. Brake Examination

Assess the brake system both inside the cab and externally. Verify proper brake adjustment with the slack adjuster, inspect brake linings for the appropriate thickness, and ensure air lines are free from damage, leaks, and properly sealed. This includes checking air brakes, parking brakes, and hydraulic braking systems.

4. Engine Inspection

Check the engine compartment for various components, such as the radiator, air compressor, steering gearbox, water pump, belts, hoses, and wiring.

5. Fuel Tank and Battery Check

Visually examine the fuel tank and battery area to ensure no cracks or leaks. Verify the battery levels for sufficient power and proper charging.

6. Fluid Inspection

Inspect fluids under the truck for signs of leaks, including fuel, oil, coolant, power steering fluid, brake fluid, and windshield washer fluid. Check fluid levels and assess the condition of hoses, belts, and wires for safe operation. Pay special attention to the oil pressure gauge for proper functionality.

7. Windshield 

Chipped, cracked, or deteriorated glass weakens the final barrier that prevents the driver from being thrown during an accident and can inhibit clear road visibility. Also worn-out wipers will reduce visibility when driving in the rain or snow.

8. Emergency Kit

Road flares, triangles, and a fire extinguisher are the emergency equipment necessary to safeguard the vehicle and the driver should an accident or breakdown occur and must not be missing or broken. The fire extinguisher must be easily accessible, with a current inspection, and maintain the appropriate PSI. 

9. Mirrors with Swivel Mounts

Frozen or loose mirrors prevent the driver from properly adjusting them to cover blind spots. It can create a greater risk of hitting the side or colliding when turning.

10. Coupling System Assessment

Examine the coupling system, paying close attention to the kingpin and sliding fifth wheel locking pin. Check the condition of air lines, apron, electrical connections, gap, glad hands, locking jaws, mounting bolt, platform, release arm, and a skid plate that connects the trailer to the cab.

11. Cabin InspectionTemperature

Inside the cabin, check the seat belts for wear or fray and ensure a snug fit. Assess the operation and functionality of inside and outside mirrors, seat position, steering wheel, pedals, windshield, wipers, horns, lights, and gauges. Make sure all alerting systems, including ABS lights, are working correctly.

Verify the temperature, controls that are not working properly can produce physical stress, fatigue, and distraction while driving.

12. Trailer Examination

Conduct a thorough inspection of the trailer for mechanical defects that might hinder secure mounting to the tractor. Look for holes, cracks, breaks, bends, or missing rivets in the headboard, frame, release pins, cross members, release handles, locking pins, doors, and hinges.

13. Back of the Truck Inspection

Before hooking up to a trailer, check the back of the truck for properly inflated tires with decent tread, undamaged brake chambers, intact shocks and airbags, a clean driveshaft without debris in the u-joints, a sturdy and unbroken frame, well-greased fifth wheel, and leak-free fuel tanks. Also, inspect stairs and catwalks for cleanliness and integrity.

A thorough pre-trip inspection should take approximately 15 to 30 minutes to complete.

How to Properly Report a Pre-trip Inspection?

‍ According to current guidelines by the FMCSA , at least one inspection must be logged in your hours of service each day. Previously, drivers were also required to fill out a pre-trip inspection report each day. However, recent changes in the guidelines now only require you to fill out an inspection report for the purpose of recording a defect found during your inspection. If you have uncovered no defects, you are no longer required to fill out the inspection report. 

Companies such as JJ Keller produce market inspection reports that you can keep on board your truck in the event you need to fill one out. Additionally, you can, in a pinch, use these reports as a checklist if you are still unfamiliar with the pre-trip inspection process. 

Regardless of how long you’ve been working as a truck driver or how many other trucker safety tips you follow, the pre-trip inspection will serve you well to keep you safe as you go about your day. Discovering critical defects early can be the difference between making it to your next stop and ending up broken down on the side of the road , or even worse, involved in a preventable accident.

Download Your Free Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist for Trucks

Frequently Asked Questions

How often should i perform a pre-trip inspection.

It should be conducted before every journey, ensuring the vehicle's safety and readiness for the road.

How long does a pre-trip inspection typically take to complete?

It usually takes 15 to 30 minutes to complete, depending on the complexity of the vehicle and the driver's familiarity with the checklist.

Can I skip a pre-trip inspection if I'm in a rush?

Never skip a pre-trip inspection. Not only is the inspection a legal requirement, but also it is essential for your safety and the safety of others on the road.

Can I keep a pre-filled inspection report for daily use?

While it might seem convenient, it is not recommended. The pre-trip inspection report is meant to reflect the vehicle's actual condition. Using a pre-filled report without physical inspection may lead to inaccuracies and compromise safety.

Can I delegate the pre-trip inspection?

The pre-trip inspection is the driver's responsibility to operate the vehicle. While others can assist, the driver remains accountable for ensuring it is conducted correctly.

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A step-by-step guide to conducting effective pre-trip inspections.

Whether you're a seasoned trucker or considering a career on the road, understanding the importance of pre-trip inspections is crucial. These inspections serve as your vehicle's health check before hitting the road, ensuring safety, efficiency, and compliance. I n this guide, we'll walk you through the step-by-step process of conducting effective pre-trip inspections, helping short haul drivers stay on top of their game. Let's dive in!

The Key to a Successful Journey 

In the fast-paced world of short haul transportation, time is of the essence. Pre-trip inspections are your ticket to a smoother journey. This essential practice involves thoroughly checking your truck, trailer, and load for any potential issues that might jeopardize your trip. By dedicating time to a pre-trip inspection, you're setting the stage for efficient operations and, most importantly, a safe trip.

A Closer Look: The Pre-Trip Inspection Guide

Step 1: Essential Tools

Equip yourself with the necessary tools to conduct a thorough inspection, including a flashlight, tire pressure gauge, and reflective triangles.

Step 2: Visual Check

Begin by visually inspecting your vehicle for damages, leaks, or anomalies. Pay attention to tire condition, lights, mirrors, and overall vehicle appearance.

Step 3: Tire Check

Assess tire inflation, tread depth, and any signs of damage. Uneven wear can hint at potential alignment or suspension issues.

Step 4: Lights Examination

Inspect all lights, including headlights, taillights, turn signals, and brake lights. Promptly replace any burnt-out bulbs for optimal visibility.

Step 5: Fluid Level Verification

Check fluid levels like oil, coolant, and windshield washer fluid. Adequate levels are essential for smooth vehicle operation.

Step 6: Brake Test

Test your brakes for responsiveness and uniformity. Listen for unusual sounds or vibrations, and ensure the parking brake functions correctly.

Step 7: Mirror Assessment

Adjust mirrors for optimal visibility, minimizing blind spots. Keep them clean and properly positioned.

Step 8: Safety Gear Evaluation

Ensure safety equipment, such as fire extinguishers and reflective triangles, is present and in good condition.

Step 9: Documenting Findings

Take down any observed issues, damages, or irregularities in your notepad. These notes serve as a reference for addressing maintenance needs.

Pre-trip inspections are a must for short haul drivers, offering a blend of safety and efficiency. By committing to this routine practice, you're not only safeguarding your journey but also minimizing unexpected breakdowns that could disrupt your schedule.

What if there was an easier way to manage these inspections? 

Traditionally, pre-trip inspections involved paper checklists that were prone to errors and often lost or damaged. Qv21 replaces these cumbersome checklists with digital versions accessible via tablets or smartphones. Drivers can quickly and accurately complete their inspections, reducing the risk of overlooking critical safety checks.

In the fast-paced world of short-haul trucking, every minute counts. A Transportation Management System (TMS) serves as an essential tool for short-haul drivers, enabling them to efficiently conduct pre-trip inspections. From real-time scheduling to digital checklists and data analytics, Qv21 streamlines the inspection process, enhances safety, and ensures compliance with regulations. Ultimately, Qv21's TMS helps short-haul drivers stay on the road, delivering goods safely and on time, while also prioritizing safety and compliance.

So, to all the short haul drivers out there, remember that a comprehensive pre-trip inspection is your gateway to a successful trip. Embrace it, master it, and hit the road with confidence knowing that you're well-prepared for whatever the journey brings. Safe travels!

Contact our team now to learn more and take your understanding to new heights.

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Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist for Trucker: A Comprehensive Guides

The pre-trip inspection checklist is a crucial part of a trucker's daily routine. It ensures that the vehicle is safe and road-ready, helping to prevent accidents and breakdowns. For truck drivers and fleet managers, understanding and implementing a thorough pre-trip inspection checklist is essential for maintaining vehicle safety, complying with DOT standards, and ensuring smooth operations. In this comprehensive guide, we will cover all aspects of the pre-trip inspection process, providing step-by-step instructions, tips, and best practices for truckers.

What is a Pre-Trip Inspection?

A pre-trip inspection is a systematic check of a commercial truck's components and systems before hitting the road. It involves examining various parts of the truck to ensure they are in proper working order. This inspection is mandated by the Department of Transportation (DOT) and is crucial for truck driver safety. The pre-trip inspection checklist typically includes checking the brakes, lights, tires, steering, and other vital components.

Why is a Pre-Trip Inspection Important?

Conducting a pre-trip inspection is important for several reasons:

• Safety: Ensures that the truck is in safe operating condition, reducing the risk of accidents.
• Compliance: Meets DOT regulations and avoids potential fines or penalties.
• Maintenance: Identifies potential issues early, preventing costly repairs and downtime.
• Efficiency: Helps maintain efficient operations by ensuring the truck is road-ready.

Primary Benefits of a Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

A comprehensive pre-trip inspection checklist offers numerous benefits:

• Accident Prevention: Regular inspections help detect issues that could lead to accidents.
• Cost Savings: Identifying and fixing problems early can save on expensive repairs.
• Legal Compliance: Staying compliant with DOT regulations helps avoid fines and legal issues.
• Improved Reliability: Ensures that trucks are reliable and less likely to experience breakdowns.
• Enhanced Reputation: Consistently well-maintained trucks contribute to a positive reputation for safety and reliability.

Common Issues Found During Pre-Trip Inspections

During pre-trip inspections, truckers often encounter common issues such as:

• Worn Tires: Tires with low tread depth or damage can pose significant safety risks.
• Brake Problems: Faulty or worn brakes can lead to dangerous driving conditions.
• Fluid Leaks: Leaks in oil, coolant, or other fluids can indicate underlying mechanical problems.
• Electrical Issues: Non-functioning lights and reflectors can reduce visibility and increase the risk of accidents.
• Loose or Damaged Components: Parts like belts, hoses, and mirrors that are loose or damaged can impact vehicle performance and safety.

Next Steps for Implementing a Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

To effectively implement a pre-trip inspection checklist, follow these steps:

• Standardize the Checklist: Develop a standardized checklist that covers all critical components and systems.
• Train Drivers: Provide training to ensure that all drivers understand the importance of pre-trip inspections and know how to perform them correctly.
• Use Digital Tools: Consider using digital inspection tools to streamline the process and ensure consistency.
• Document Inspections: Keep thorough records of all inspections and any issues found to track trends and address recurring problems.
• Regularly Review and Update: Regularly review and update the checklist to reflect any changes in regulations or best practices.

By implementing a comprehensive pre-trip inspection checklist, truckers and fleet managers can ensure their vehicles are safe, compliant, and road-ready, ultimately enhancing safety, efficiency, and reliability.

A thorough pre-trip inspection checklist is vital for ensuring truck driver safety, compliance with DOT standards, and maintaining vehicle efficiency. By following the steps outlined in this guide, truckers and fleet managers can effectively conduct pre-trip inspections, identify potential issues early, and ensure their vehicles are road-ready. Implementing a comprehensive pre-trip inspection process not only enhances safety but also helps prevent costly breakdowns and delays. Start using our pre-trip inspection checklist today to ensure your truck's safety and compliance.

For more tips and detailed guides on truck maintenance and safety, visit our blog regularly.

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Top 10 FAQs: Pre-trip Inspection for Trucks

What is a pre-trip inspection checklist.

A pre-trip inspection checklist is a systematic guide used by truck drivers to ensure their vehicle is safe and ready for the road.

Why is a pre-trip inspection important for truckers?

It ensures the safety of the driver and others on the road, helps comply with DOT regulations, and prevents breakdowns and costly repairs.

What should be included in a pre-trip inspection?

The checklist should include checks for brakes, lights, tires, steering, fluid levels, and emergency equipment.

How often should a pre-trip inspection be performed?

A pre-trip inspection should be performed before the start of each trip.

What are the benefits of using a pre-trip inspection checklist?

Benefits include improved safety, compliance with regulations, early detection of issues, and reduced maintenance costs.

Is a pre-trip inspection mandatory?

Yes, the DOT mandates pre-trip inspections for commercial vehicles to ensure road safety.

Can a pre-trip inspection help in reducing vehicle downtime?

Yes, identifying issues early can prevent breakdowns and reduce downtime.

What should I do if I find an issue during a pre-trip inspection?

Document the issue and report it to your fleet manager or maintenance team for immediate attention.

Are there digital tools available for pre-trip inspections?

Yes, there are various apps and software solutions that can help streamline the inspection process.

How can fleet managers ensure drivers are performing pre-trip inspections correctly?

Implementing a standardized checklist, providing training, and using digital inspection tools can help ensure consistency and accuracy.

We’ve created a comprehensive pre-trip inspection checklist for you. If you don’t have  DOT compliance software , you can just save this checklist and use it during your daily inspections.

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Pre-Trip Inspections: Know Before You Go

You leave your truck for the night and return the next morning. In between, anything could happen. How do you know your vehicle is still in tip-top shape? You won’t unless you conduct a thorough pre-trip inspection.

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) requires pre-trip inspections every time you start a shift. If you’re running late or in a hurry, it’s tempting to skip the inspection or cut corners. But if you’re not careful, you could suffer a breakdown or blowout, damage your truck and harm yourself and others on the road.

Set aside between 15 and 30 minutes for a proper inspection, and don’t rush through it. Try to follow the same sequence every time so you don’t miss any steps. Avoid common vehicle out-of-service violations and protect your truck with these extra tips:

Light all lamps. Look for burnt-out headlight bulbs, both on low-beam and high-beam. Check all other lights, including brake lights. Make sure your turn signals work properly. Fasten any loose light covers. Verify all reflectors are on the truck and trailer in the proper places.

Evaluate your braking system. Adjust brakes properly. Ensure brake hoses and lines are securely mounted and free from any cuts, frays or damage.

Inspect every tire. Tires wear differently depending on their position, so scrutinize all of them. Look for any cuts, damages or bulges. Maintain a tread depth of at least 4/32-inch. Measure tire pressure with a gauge (not a tire thumper) and maintain 90 – 100 psi. Tighten any loose lug nuts and report any missing ones. Listen for any air leaks.

Look underneath and inside your trailer. Check for signs of debris and even people—we’ve heard reports of drivers finding people sleeping under their truck or inside their truck. Remove any tree limbs or other objects from your path. Confirm your landing gear is fully raised.

Examine the fifth wheel. Make sure no gaps exist between the fifth wheel and the trailer apron. Inspect the kingpin and locking jaws.

Peek under the hood. Check your oil, coolant, transmission, wiper and power steering fluids and fill if needed. Inspect power steering hoses for any cracks or damage.

Don’t forget your emergency kit. Pack flares, triangles and other safety devices. Make sure your fire extinguisher is charged and secured—this is a common vehicle out-of-service violation.

Get comfortable in the cab . Adjust your driver’s seat and all mirrors before you start your truck.

Document any defects. Fill out a Driver Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR) whenever you spot any broken or missing parts so your motor carrier can repair your vehicle quickly.

Download and share a PDF of this Safety Bulletin with your drivers.

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10 Aspects Every Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist Should Include

Pre-trip inspections are integral to preventing downtime and allow fleet managers to keep a finger on the pulse of their assets. Using technology to conduct pre-trip inspections ensures your drivers complete fast, thorough inspections to confirm the health of your fleet.

The Benefits of Digital Pre-Trip Inspections Checklists

While pre-trip inspections are required practices for U.S. commercial fleets, they provide immense benefits into increasing the overall performance of your assets and your company’s earning potential.

Pre-trip inspections are typically performed each time a driver enters a vehicle (and are usually followed by a post-trip inspection). This allows the driver to check for any vehicle issues and communicate them with their fleet manager.

Many fleet managers still use inefficient paper-based inspection forms to manage their assets. Paper inspection forms are time-consuming for drivers, and issues can’t be easily reported to fleet managers in a timely manner, resulting in vehicle downtime.

Pre-Trip Inspection Apps

Trying to make sure your drivers complete pre-trip inspections can be challenging. Some drivers find the pre-trip inspection process tedious, particularly if they’re still using paper inspection forms, and rush through them (or skip them altogether). This can result in unplanned downtime, reduced vehicle lifespan or compliance violations.

Many fleets are making the switch to pre-trip inspection apps to streamline the inspection process, eliminate communication gaps and increase driver participation. Digital inspections, like eDVIR (electronic Daily Vehicle Inspection Reports) , provide an easy process that empowers drivers to complete thorough vehicle inspections in a mobile app.

Using a mobile app to synchronize vehicle inspections through software can reduce inspection times by 65 percent . When developing your own digital pre-trip inspection form , be sure to include the following aspects to guarantee your assets are in working condition.

1. Odometer Readings

On almost any pre-trip inspection form , on an app or otherwise, the odometer reading will be the first thing your drivers enter. Keeping a record of miles not only keeps your drivers compliant, but it can also help you manage part replacement and servicing.

Odometer readings also provide extensive insight into your assets and allow you to plan and carry out maintenance tasks. Watching your mileage closely ensures you adhere to your fleet’s preventive maintenance schedule , monitor asset utilization and track fuel performance.

2. Safety Features

Safety is continuously at the forefront of any fleet manager’s mind. Including safety items in your pre-trip inspection not only maintains compliance, but also ensures the safety of vehicles, drivers and the public.

When building your configurable pre-trip inspection form , consider adding items that help verify vehicle safety including but not limited to:

• Load security
• Emergency medical kit

Reliable tires are perhaps one of the most important parts of any vehicle. They’re the key to getting you to your destination, and ensuring that your fleet’s tires are in good condition prevents downtime.

Tires should be inspected for proper inflation and tread. Drivers should check for acceptable tire PSI (pounds per square inch) and monitor tire tread depth to ensure proper traction on the road.

4. Diagnostic Trouble Codes

Many fleets use telematics devices to track vehicles and improve processes such as preventive maintenance and data entry. Telematics devices also alert drivers to any major engine faults through diagnostic trouble codes (DTC).

DTC and fault alerts ensure you’re immediately aware of larger issues under the hood and can act quickly. While drivers should check their telematics devices for any DTC alerts, fleet managers can receive automatic DTC notifications in fleet management software to be notified immediately.

5. Vehicle Condition

It sounds basic, but walking around the vehicle and inspecting the body is an often overlooked aspect of pre-trip inspections. That said, checking the body for dents, scratches, or other issues not only helps drivers manage safety and liability, but it also can prevent more serious problems.

If your drivers swap vehicles or often park on their trips, each vehicle should be checked to make sure there is no damage to its exterior. Pre-trip inspection apps help prove chain of custody and can notify fleet managers of issues drivers spot from earlier trips or if the vehicle was hit while parked.

Though vehicle exterior damage is usually minor, it can also indicate more serious issues. If a truck is damaged near the fuel tank, the damage could easily compromise the tank, causing a larger issue.

When using mobile inspection forms, drivers can report these issues and take photos, helping fleet managers determine the severity of the issues and begin planning for repairs.

A vehicle’s lights both illuminate the road and provide signals to other drivers. Ensuring proper function of all exterior lights, reflectors and cabin lights should be included on each pre-trip inspection, regardless of the time of day.

Your assets have a variety of components that require fluids to function properly. While your preventive maintenance plan should include oil changes and fluid top-offs, your drivers should check fluid levels before each trip.

Proper fluid levels can be the difference between a well-performing vehicle and unplanned breakdowns.

Another aspect of pre-trip inspections that can be overlooked is the battery. One may assume that if the car starts, the battery is in working condition and doesn’t need to be checked.

While the battery may be in working order, the battery mounting, terminals and cables should be inspected prior to every trip to avoid any failures throughout a driver’s trip. Any signs of issues regarding voltage, corrosion or poor connections should be documented for the maintenance team to inspect.

Checking the engine compartment is one of the most comprehensive aspects of pre-trip inspections and requires thorough examination to ensure performance.

When checking the engine compartment, drivers should pay close attention to hoses and tubing, as well as any fluid reservoirs, for any obvious or potential leaks. All belts should also be inspected for performance, and drivers should document any signs of wear.

Many types of fleet vehicles, particularly in the trucking industry, have multiple brakes, and every component of the brake systems should be checked daily for the condition. Hydraulic, air and parking brakes should be tested manually for suitable function.

If issues arise during a pre-trip inspection, drivers can document them in detail on their vehicle inspection app. All issues are immediately recorded in fleet management software , and fleet managers can be notified immediately to remove information bottlenecks and begin maintenance quickly.

Take your pre-trip inspection process to the next level with Fleetio! Start your free trial or request a demo today.

About the Author

Content Marketing Specialist

Laura Flowers is the Content Marketing Specialist at Fleetio. When she’s not blogging, you can find her reading on the couch with her cat or in the studio tap dancing.

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The Ultimate Guide to Mastering Trucking Pre Trip Inspections

Trucking pre trip inspections are an essential part of a truck driver’s routine. Before hitting the road, truck drivers must conduct a thorough inspection of their vehicles to ensure they are in proper working order. This includes checking various components such as tires, brakes, lights, and fluid levels. The purpose of these inspections is to identify any potential issues that could compromise safety or lead to breakdowns on the road.

Importance of Pre Trip Inspections for Truck Drivers

Ensuring safety on the road is the primary reason why pre trip inspections are crucial for truck drivers. By thoroughly inspecting their vehicles before each trip, drivers can identify any potential safety hazards and address them promptly. This not only protects the driver but also other road users who may be affected by a malfunctioning truck.

Compliance with federal regulations is another significant reason why pre trip inspections are important for truck drivers. The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs) require truck drivers to conduct pre trip inspections and keep records of these inspections. Failure to comply with these regulations can result in penalties and fines, which can have serious consequences for both the driver and the trucking company.

Preventing breakdowns and delays is yet another reason why pre trip inspections are vital for truck drivers. By identifying any potential issues before hitting the road, drivers can address them proactively, reducing the risk of breakdowns and subsequent delays in delivery. This not only helps maintain a good reputation for the driver and the company but also ensures that cargo arrives on time.

Protecting cargo and equipment is also a critical aspect of pre trip inspections. By thoroughly inspecting their vehicles, drivers can identify any issues that could potentially damage or compromise the cargo they are transporting. This includes checking for secure load restraints, ensuring proper temperature control for perishable goods, and verifying that all equipment necessary for safe transportation is in good working order.

Do not allow a company to tell you the following: oh you can fix it later, or you can fix it after you make delivery.

A lot of trucking company’s will ask there employee drivers to do such.

doing your daily inspection may save your life or others

Understanding the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs)

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Regulations (FMCSRs) are a set of rules and regulations established by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) to ensure the safe operation of commercial motor vehicles. These regulations cover various aspects of trucking, including pre trip inspections.

The FMCSRs require truck drivers to conduct pre trip inspections before each trip and document the results of these inspections. The inspections must be thorough and cover specific components of the vehicle, such as brakes, tires, lights, steering, and suspension. Drivers must also ensure that all required safety equipment, such as fire extinguishers and reflective triangles, are present and in good working order.

Non-compliance with the FMCSRs can result in penalties and fines. The severity of these penalties depends on the nature of the violation and can range from monetary fines to suspension of driving privileges. It is essential for truck drivers to familiarize themselves with the FMCSRs and ensure they are in compliance to avoid these penalties.

A comprehensive pre trip inspection checklist is a valuable tool for truck drivers to ensure they cover all necessary components during their inspections. While specific checklists may vary depending on the company or individual preferences, there are some key components that should be included in any pre trip inspection checklist.

Firstly, drivers should inspect the tires thoroughly. This includes checking for proper inflation, tread depth, and any signs of damage or wear. Properly inflated and well-maintained tires are crucial for safe and efficient operation on the road.

Secondly, brakes should be carefully inspected. This includes checking brake pads, drums or rotors, brake lines, and ensuring proper brake fluid levels. Faulty brakes can lead to accidents or breakdowns, so it is essential to identify any issues before hitting the road.

Lights and signals are another critical component of a pre trip inspection. Drivers should check all exterior lights, including headlights, taillights, brake lights, and turn signals, to ensure they are functioning correctly. This is crucial for visibility and signaling intentions to other road users.

Other components that should be included in a comprehensive pre trip inspection checklist are steering and suspension systems, fluid levels (such as oil, coolant, and windshield washer fluid), mirrors and windshield wipers, and safety equipment such as fire extinguishers and reflective triangles.

Common Pre Trip Inspection Failures and How to Avoid Them

Despite the importance of pre trip inspections, there are common failures that truck drivers may encounter. By being aware of these failures and taking proactive measures to prevent them, drivers can ensure the safety and efficiency of their journeys.

One common failure is neglecting to check tire pressure and tread depth. Improperly inflated tires can lead to increased fuel consumption, reduced traction, and increased risk of blowouts. Drivers should regularly check tire pressure and ensure it is within the recommended range. Additionally, monitoring tread depth is crucial to maintain proper traction on the road.

Another common failure is overlooking brake issues. Faulty brakes can lead to accidents or breakdowns, posing a significant risk to the driver and other road users. Regularly inspecting brake pads, drums or rotors, and brake lines can help identify any issues before they become more severe.

Failure to inspect lights and signals is another common issue. Properly functioning lights are crucial for visibility and signaling intentions to other road users. Drivers should regularly check all exterior lights, including headlights, taillights, brake lights, and turn signals, to ensure they are working correctly.

To avoid these common failures, drivers should follow a comprehensive pre trip inspection checklist, allocate sufficient time for inspections, be meticulous in their approach, and address any identified issues promptly.

Even though An inspection may have been performed, failure can occur at any moment because of mechanical failure, part age or failure.

So after each inspection snap a couple of pictures of the vehicle left side, right side, front, and back. This way if something does fail beyond and outside your control, you have a picture with a time stamp on it. By doing this you may save yourself from a potential lawsuit or getting canned.

Just like humans we all have our failures and so do parts on trucks

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PGT Trucking’s Guide to Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections

A proper pre- and post-trip inspection is what separates the average truck driver from a true professional! Federal law requires that a driver of a commercial motor vehicle completes an inspection every day on each vehicle operated (truck and/or trailer). More importantly, a thorough truck and trailer inspection helps truck drivers keep their equipment in safe working order, protecting everyone out on the road. Don’t skip your pre-trip! Follow PGT Trucking’s guide to pre- and post-trip inspections.

What is a pre-trip inspection?

A pre-trip inspection is a thorough check of the vehicle to ensure everything is in working order before you take off down the road. Flatbed truck drivers should check their tires, brakes, lights, engine fluid levels, securement (if loaded) and more. By completing a general observation of all equipment before leaving, flatbed truck drivers know their truck and trailer are safely ready for the day ahead.

When should I do a vehicle inspection?

Flatbed truck drivers at PGT are required to complete an inspection on their truck and trailer at the start of their day, at the end of their day, and any time they drop or hook to a different trailer. Walk around inspections and load checks should also be completed at every change of duty status (fueling, 30-minute break, loading, unloading, etc.).

Why should I do post-trip inspection?

A post-trip inspection will help a flatbed truck driver identify any defects that may have occurred since the pre-trip inspection. Any repairs that are needed can be addressed immediately instead of delaying the start of a driver’s next trip. For flatbed truck drivers who drop and hook, a post-trip inspection is common courtesy – don’t leave issues for the next driver to find. It’s not safe!

How long should a pre/post-trip inspection take?

A thorough pre/post-trip inspection should take about 15 minutes to complete. It doesn’t take long, but it will save a flatbed truck driver valuable time in the long run. Don’t be stuck on the side of the road with a blown-out tire. Get any problems quickly addressed during the pre/post-trip inspection.

What is the goal of a pre/post-trip inspection?

The purpose of a pre/post-trip inspection is safety ! When equipment fails over the road, it places the truck driver and other motorists at risk. By examining the vehicle at the start and end of a trip, flatbed truck drivers can catch any defects before they cause a bigger problem over the road.

If I find something wrong during my pre/post-trip inspection, what should I do?

Any defects in the truck or trailer must be noted on the Driver Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR), and flatbed truck drivers should call the PGT maintenance hotline and their Fleet Manager . Any item considered out-of-service by the Department of Transportation (DOT) must be repaired immediately before the vehicle can move. Any defect that is not considered an out-of-service DOT violation must be repaired before that truck or trailer can be dispatched on another load. Drivers should not operate the vehicle if they feel it is in an unsafe condition or has any out-of-service defects!

What are the most common defects found during a pre/post-trip inspection?

At PGT, the most noted defects during a pre/post-trip inspection are related to the tires, brakes or lights. While all equipment should be reviewed for possible safety concerns, flatbed truck drivers should pay extra attention to these problem areas.

Do I need to wear any personal protective equipment (PPE) while doing a pre/post-trip inspection?

Yes! You should have your safety vest, gloves, appropriate footwear, goggles, and hard hat on while performing safety functions. Other tools for the inspection include a flashlight, tire depth gauge and tire pressure gauge.

Should I do a pre-trip inspection on my personal vehicle?

Yes! While it’s not legally required to do a pre-trip inspection, all non-commercial vehicles should still be routinely checked to confirm they are in good operating condition. It’s a great habit to get into, and for flatbed truck drivers, practice makes perfect. Do a pre-trip on every vehicle, every time!

How to Complete a Truck and Trailer Inspection

Step 1: Front of the Tractor

• Complete a visual inspection. Are all numbers and stickers present and clearly visible? Is there any damage or visible leaks?
• Open the hood and check all fluid levels and belt tension.

Step 2: Cab

• Enter the cab and start the engine. Test the horns, inspect the windshield (is it dirty? – clean it!), check the seatbelt and fire extinguisher.
• Is your ELD tablet securely mounted on the dash? Do you have all required documentation in the cab and readily accessible?

Step 3: Air and Lights

• Turn the engine off. Press and hold the brakes, listening for any air leaks or drop in pressure.
• Start the light check and observe all lights during your truck and trailer walk around.

Step 4: Left Front and Right Front Tractor

• Check the tires, brakes, and hub oil levels and look for exhaust leaks.
• When checking tires, check the air pressure, tread depth, sidewall, rims and lug nuts.
• When checking brakes, look for any extreme wear, cracks, soaked/contaminated oil, broken springs or anything out of adjustment.

Step 5: Front of Trailer and Mid Tractor

• Check the fuel cap.
• Look at the catwalk, headache rack, and bulkhead. Is everything clear of debris? Is all equipment properly secured? Remember, bungee cords have no working load limit and should never be used to secure tarps, chains, binders, lumber or pipe stakes.

Step 6: Right Forward and Rear Drive Wheel Ends

• Check both the inside and outside tires. Inspect the brakes, shocks and air lines.

Step 7: Rear of Tractor

• Check the rear light panel.
• Inspect the mud flaps.
• Confirm the fifth wheel jaws are fully closed.

Step 8: Trailer Right Mid Inspection

• Check the dolly legs, winches and straps.
• Check the lights down the trailer.
• Check your load securement!

Step 9: Trailer Right Forward and Rear Wheel Ends

• Check hub oil and grease levels.
• Look at the inside and outside rims and tires.
• Check the brakes, shocks and air lines.
• Drain trailer air tanks.

Step 10: Rear of Trailer

• Check the lights and mud flaps.
• Confirm the DOT tape is visible.
• Look for any damages to the ICC bumper.

Step 11: Trailer Left Forward and Rear Wheel Ends

Step 12: Trailer Left Mid Inspection

• Confirm the inspection, registration and insurance.

Step 13: Tractor Left Forward and Rear Driver Wheel

Step 14: Tractor Left Mid and Trailer Front

• Check the driver stairs.
• Inspect the bulkhead and headache rack.
• Drain the tractor air tanks.

Note: This list is meant to be a guideline only and is not fully comprehensive. Contact your Safety Manager, Fleet Manager or Training Department if you have any questions or need clarification.  

Safety is Everyone’s Job – All the Time

PGT Trucking is committed to being a safe and reliable carrier , driven by the best flatbed truck drivers in the industry. We want our Proud Professionals to get home safely after every trip, and that starts with thorough trip inspections. PGT understands that details matter, and we provide multiple resources to equip our flatbed truck drivers with the tools they need to do the job well.

Want to join the company that values your safety above all else? Apply to PGT today !

We have Company Flatbed Truck Driver positions available, averaging $84,000 in gross pay a year. Other benefits include medical, dental, and vision insurance, 401(k) retirement plan, company-paid life insurance, vacation time, and paid holidays. Find out what makes PGT Trucking a 2023 Best Fleets to Drive For® Top 20 Company .

Do you want to haul freight at competitive rates while maintaining your independence? PGT is partnering with experienced Owner-Operators and has one of the best Lease Purchase Programs in the industry. Apply now !

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Home » Blog » Maintenance » The Ultimate Guide to a Pre-trip Inspection

The Ultimate Guide to a Pre-trip Inspection

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Road safety is a big concern in many industries that require their employees to drive vehicles on the job. While 94% of serious traffic accidents are the result of human error, these numbers still leave 6% of other, often times avoidable causes, such as faulty systems or broken parts. Drivers can contribute to safer roads by conducting a thorough pre-trip inspection before they head out on a journey . Learn how a pre-trip inspection should be completed with ToolSense, what a pre-trip inspection is, what it entails, and how you can ensure that your employees follow the CDL pre-trip inspection checklist with the help of modern tools.

• A thorough pre-trip inspection should be done on any vehicle before it hits the road.
• This ensures that the vehicle is in working order, increases the driver’s safety, and lowers maintenance costs in the long run.
• Depending on whether a driver is checking a CDL Class A, B, or C vehicle, different components of the vehicle need to be checked before every trip.
• Examples from a pre-trip inspection checklist might include suspension parts, coupling, brakes, wheels, emergency equipment, lights, and windshield wipers.
• Pre-trip inspection software offers checklists and the ability to create custom forms to ensure drivers don’t forget a single detail during the pre-trip checks.

What Is a Pre-trip Inspection?

Any vehicle should be thoroughly checked before it hits the road in what is called a pre-trip inspection. This inspection ensures that the car, truck, or another type of vehicle is in working order to prevent expensive repairs as well as traffic accidents . Essentially, pre-trip inspections keep drivers safe by preventing accidents. They also contribute to lower maintenance costs as flaws can be repaired before they can cause further, more extensive damage. Potential malfunctions, failures, or broken parts are discovered during these checks and can be repaired or replaced before the vehicle heads out on the road. Pre-trip inspections have to be undertaken for trucks as well as their trailers and other vehicles that are being used on public roads, such as tractors.

Driving vehicles commercially requires a specific license which, in the United States, is called a CDL ( Commercial Driver’s License ). Other countries, such as the UK, Australia, and New Zealand, also require commercial drivers to have a specific license. The minimum age for acquiring a CDL is 18 years in the US. However, in interstate commerce, in the state of Hawaii, or when transporting hazardous materials, drivers are required to be at least 21 years of age. The CDL divides the license into three different classes, which all require different CDL pre-trip inspections.

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Class A Pre-trip Inspection

CDL Class A includes a combination of vehicles with a gross vehicle weight rating (GVWR) of 26,000 pounds if the towed vehicle weighs over 10,000 pounds . This includes tractor and trailer combinations, truck and trailer combinations, double and triple trailers, livestock carriers, tractor-trailer buses, flatbed trucks, and any vehicle that falls under Class B and C. A Class A pre-trip inspection is necessary for all vehicles that fall under this category.

Class B Pre-trip Inspection

CDL Class B includes vehicles with a GVWR of over 26,000 pounds and vehicles towing a trailer of up to 10,000 pounds . This includes straight and box trucks, such as delivery vehicles, large buses, and trucks with small trailers. A driver with a CDL Class B can also drive Class C vehicles. A pre-trip inspection for Class B vehicles is also necessary. A Class B pre-trip inspection is necessary for all vehicles that fall under this category.

Class C Pre-trip Inspection

A CDL Class C allows drivers to operate any vehicle that transports 16 or more passengers , driver included. According to the Hazardous Materials Transportation Acts, a driver with a Class C license is allowed to operate vehicles designed for the transportation of hazardous materials. This includes small HAZMAT vehicles and passenger vans.

Minimum Pre-trip Inspection Requirements

These classes have different pre-trip inspection requirements, depending on what type of vehicle is being checked and what they are carrying. A pre-trip inspection checklist can help drivers remember which components need to be checked specifically, depending on the type of vehicle. However, these are the minimum requirements during a pre-trip inspection:

Service Brake, Including Trailer Brake Connections

The brake systems for both the towing vehicle and the trailer need to be inspected to ensure that the systems are in working order. If undetected, a malfunctioning brake poses a significant hazard. The brake hose should be securely mounted on both ends and not be leaking air. Any cracks, splits, or cuts indicate that the brake hose needs to be replaced or repaired. The brake chamber should also not be leaking air. Slack adjusters and push rods need to be examined during the pre-trip inspection to ensure that push rods have less than 1 inch of play and stay at a 90-degree angle to the brake chamber. The brake pads should not show signs of oil or debris and have a minimum brake pad thickness of 1/4 inch.

Parking Brake

Drivers should insure the parking brakes of both the vehicle and the trailer are in working order by setting the brake and releasing it.

Steering Mechanism

The steering gearbox, air lines and hoses should show no damage or leaks. The hoses should be connected on both sides. The steering shaft should be straight and intact. The rubber on the drag link is properly greased and shows no splits or cuts. During the pre-trip inspection, drivers should make sure that all pins and bolts on the pitman’s arm are secure. According to the Class A pre-trip inspection checklist, tie rods should be secure and show no signs of being bent or broken. The steering wheel should be firmly attached to the steering column.

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Lighting Devices and Reflectors

Every pre-trip inspection checklist should include lights and reflectors, meaning these need to be checked by the driver before every trip to make sure they are intact and working. The following lights and reflectors should be inspected before a vehicle hits the road:

• Running lights
• High and low beams
• Turn signals
• Hazard and warning lights
• Brake lights
• License plate lights

Tires and Rims

Before the vehicle is used, drivers should make sure that no unauthorized wheel rims are used. Tires should not show cuts, abrasions, or bulges. The minimum tread depth is 1.6 mm and tires should be evenly worn. Air pressure levels should also be checked, and drivers should make sure that the valve stem is securely in place and not leaking air. Lug nuts should not show rust or cracks. When the driver checks the axle seal, it should be secure and show no leaks.

The functionality of the horn should be checked in every pre-trip inspection to ensure that it works in emergencies.

Windshield Wipers

As trivial as windshield wipers may seem, they are a part of every Class A pre-trip inspection checklist. Drivers must ensure wipers and fluid supply are working. The windshield wiper fluid should also be refilled.

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Rearview Mirrors

No CDL pre-trip inspection cheat sheet is complete without the mention of rearview mirrors. All of them should be intact and clean without cracks or damage. Drivers should also ensure that they are properly aligned.

Coupling Devices

When the vehicle is coupled to a trailer, the truck pre-inspection needs to include coupling devices. Air connectors need to be connected on both ends and show no signs of tangling, dragging, or damage. The same goes for the electrical lines, and the safety latch should be in place. The fifth-wheel platform is not allowed to have unauthorized welds and should not show cracks or signs of damage. Drivers should inspect the glad hands to check that the seals are in good condition and not leaking air. Mounting bolts should be tightly in place. The skid plate needs to be properly greased, and the release arm secure in a fully locked position. The kingpin should be firm and secure as well, while showing no cracks or damage. The locking jaw is intact and locks securely around the kingpin. The apron is also mounted and secured with no signs of cracks. The sliding fifth-wheel locking pins need to be in a fully locked position.

Emergency Equipment

Every pre-trip inspection list should include safety and emergency equipment. That means drivers need to ensure that the truck is carrying a functioning fire extinguisher, spare electrical fuses, and reflective triangles.

CDL Pre-trip Inspection Checklist

Tractor, bus, and truck pre-trip inspection checklists look a little different, depending on the type of vehicle that needs to be checked before heading out. With ToolSense you can create custom forms and checklists . Here is an example of what a printable pre-trip inspection checklist might look like :

1. Passenger Side Engine

• Drivers should check the air filter housing and verify that it is mounted securely, and the cover is in place. 
• The windshield washer fluid reservoir should be filled to an appropriate level and show no leaks. 
• The turbocharger does not leak oil or exhaust. 
• The engine air duct is working, has properly secured clamps, and shows no cuts.
• Truck drivers need to inspect the alternator to see that it is securely mounted and does not have broken or loose wires.
• The accessory drive belt should not be cracked or frayed.
• The air conditioner compressor is securely mounted.

2. Front Brakes

• Truck drivers have to service brakes and ensure that the brake drum and brake lining show no cracks or signs of damage.
• No oil should be leaking from the inner oil seal.
• The slack adjuster should be at the proper angle to the brake chamber. The clevis and cotter pin should be intact.
• Drivers need to make sure that the brake air line shows no bulges or cuts and fits tightly.

3. Front Wheel

• Truck drivers should check tires for abrasions, bulges, and cuts.
• The minimum tread depth should be 1.6 mm.
• Tires need to have a pressure of 120 PSI.
• The wheels should not be cracked or bent.
• If the hub is sealed, drivers can’t check the level. If it is not, the oil should be at an appropriate level and not leaking. The outer oil seal should not be leaking, either.
• The valve cap has to be in place.
• Drivers must make sure that the lug nuts are not missing, are secure, and show no streaks or shiny areas.

4. Driver Side of Engine

• Truck drivers have to ensure that the radiator brace shows no cracks or missing bolts and that the radiator is securely mounted and not leaking.
• The water pump should not be loose or leaking and show no cracks.
• The fuel water separator and filter show no leaks and are securely mounted.
• The pitman arm or drag link is not cracked, and the castle nut is secured with a cotter pin.
• Drivers need to check the steering gearbox to see that it is secured to its frame and not leaking.
• The power steering reservoir is at an appropriate level and shows no leaks.
• The dipstick shows the right level. The driver needs to secure it after every check.
• The steering shaft is also secure and not loose or damaged.
• There is no damage to the fuel pump and it does not show any cracks.
• The clamps on the engine air duct are secure and it does not show cuts.
• The brake master cylinder and the engine coolant reservoir show the correct fluid levels and do not leak.
• Drivers need to check the oil filler cap to ensure that it is secure and has no cracks.

5. Steer Axle Suspension

• The u-bolts are not cracked, loose, or missing their nuts.
• The leak spring does not shift, shows no cracks, and is not loose.
• Truck drivers need to ensure that the tie rod is secure with castle nuts and cotter pins.
• The shock absorbers are securely mounted and not leaking oil.
• The axle shows no cracks.

6. Rear Suspension

• Drivers need to check the spring mount to see that is securely mounted and shows no cracks.
• Just as they did on the front, the rear tires should be checked by the driver for abrasions, bulges, and cuts. Pressure should be 110 PSI and the minimum tread depth is 1.6 mm.
• The shock absorbers are securely mounted and not leaking out.

7. Side of Cab

• Drivers should inspect the mirrors to see that they are securely mounted, clean, and not broken.
• All doors should open and close properly, the hinges need to be secure, and there should not be any damage to doors or windows.
• The lights and signals are all working and not cracked.
• When drivers inspect the steps, they should be mounted properly and secured to the skirting.
• The battery box is securely mounted, and the cover is latched.
• The FED cap is secure.
• The gasket, vent, and chain are in place on the fuel cap and tank.
• The side skirting shoes no damage and the panels are secure.
• Drivers need to make sure that the side box is secured and that safety triangles are present.
• The body of the sleeper berth shows no damage, and the sleeper berth windows have no cracks.

8. Rear of Cab

• When truck drivers are checking the electrical cord, there should be no bare wires or corrosion. The plug at the end of the cord should be intact.
• The airline should not be tangled or worn. The grommets fittings are tight.
• The cab shock absorbers are securely mounted and not leaking oil.
• The cab airbag bellows is securely mounted and not ruptured.

9. Drive Shaft/Rear Frame

• Drivers need to ensure that the drive shaft is not cracked.
• The universal joint does not show cracks, missing bolts, or shiny areas.
• The differential is not leaking oil.
• The frame is straight and does not have non-factory welds.

10. Fifth-wheel Area

• Drivers have to check that the keeper pin and cotter key on the pivot pin are intact.
• The slider lock pins are fully engaged.
• During the inspections, the release arm shows no bent.
• The slider rail and slider stop blocks do not have broken welds or missing bolts.
• The fifth-wheel platform is well-greased and tilted down.

11. Front of Trailer

• The top rail and tracking device have no cracks or collision damage.
• During the pre-trip inspection, clearance lights are working properly.
• The registration is readable.
• The document box is not loose or missing.
• Truck drivers need to ensure that airlines and glad hands have no bulges or cuts, and that the rubber grommets on the glad hands are not damaged.
• The electric hook-up has an intact cover and no broken pins.
• The PM sticker is legible and up to date. The height stickers are legal for the chosen route.
• The placard holder is intact and not missing rivets.

12. Side of Trailer

• Drivers need to check the top rail for cracks and collision damage.
• The clearance lights are operational. The bottom lights are not cracks, show no collision damage, and are not missing bolts.
• The landing gear has no broken welds, the sand pads are secure, and the legs are straight.
• The reflector tape is clean.
• During the pre-trip inspection, placard holder and side panels show no damage and have no missing rivets.

13. Rear of Trailer

• Drivers need to ensure that the latches are secured and not damaged.
• Truckers need to check the lights to make sure they are operational.
• The splash guard’s brackets and guard are secure.
• The license plate is secure and clean, and the light is working.
• The bumper is intact and does not show broken welds.
• Door hooks and hinges are secure, intact, and not missing bolts.
• While checking the door seals, there should be no separation or rubber tubing sticking out.

14. Trailer Suspension

• The airline shows no bulges or cuts and the fittings are tight and not rubbing.
• The axle is neither bent nor broken.
• Drivers need to make sure that clevis pins and cotter key are not missing.
• The slack adjuster is at the proper angle with the clevis pin and cotter pin intact.
• The brake drum is intact.
• Drivers should check tires for abrasions, bulges, and cuts.
• Tires need to have a pressure of 110 PSI.
• The spring is not broken or shifted, and sprint mounts show no broken welds.
• While performing a pre-trip inspection, drivers need to make sure that the u-bolts are not cracked or loose.
• The torque rod is securely mounted with the brushing intact.
• The spring brake chamber is also securely mounted with a secured band clamp.

Staying ahead of the requirements for safety inspections without proper tools takes plenty of time and effort. Flexible rules, pre-configured and custom inspections and powerful automations ensure a flawless operation of your assets.

15. Gauges/Inside the Truck

Inside the truck, drivers should check the following readings:

• Tachometer: 1000-1500.
• Water temperature: 180–205 degrees.
• Fuel level should match the visual while looking into the tank.
• DEF level: minimum of one light bar.
• Oil pressure: 25-50 PSI.
• Air pressure: 90-120 PSI.
• Speedometer: 0-60 MPH.

CDL Pre-trip Inspection Video 

For more helpful tips on performing a pre-trip inspection, watch the video from Driving-Tests.org: “How to perform a CDL Class A Pre-Trip Inspection and pass in 2023”.

Completing a CDL Pre-trip Inspection Process With ToolSense

A CDL pre-trip inspection might seem like an overwhelming process and a lot of additional work for drivers that are already on a tight schedule, but there are ways to create a smooth and easy process for all employees involved . A printable CDL pre-trip inspection cheat sheet or a pre-trip inspection checklist in PDF format is just one way to make sure drivers don’t forget important details. Another option is a pre-trip inspection app .

ToolSense is a modern asset and fleet management solution that comes with pre-programmed pre-trip inspection forms and checklists and allows drivers to easily check off any parts that have already been inspected. Additionally, companies can create their own custom checklists using a simple form to ensure the lists are suitable for the type of vehicle that is in use. Because ToolSense’s pre-trip inspection software is cloud-based, employees can access important data from their desks as well as on the go with a smartphone or tablet. CDL pre-trip inspection pictures can also be added to the vehicle’s lifecycle folder within the software to ensure that drivers know exactly what to look out for.

Because ToolSense is a well-rounded asset management platform, creating checklists and forms is not the only handy feature it has to offer. Companies can track all of their assets either with modern GPS trackers, Bluetooth sensors, or a simple QR code system . That allows them to keep an eye on location, runtime, downtime, maintenance history, and work orders related to assets and vehicles . All this data is collected and saved in the asset management solution and used in handy analytics tools . Each asset and vehicle has its own lifecycle folder that stores information as well as pictures, videos, and invoices, meaning that everything is kept in one place where it is easily accessible to all employees. In the long run, ToolSense can increase a company’s productivity while saving time and money.

A pre-trip inspection is a check of any vehicle before it heads out on the road. This ensures that the truck, bus, car, or tractor is in perfect working order, keeps drivers safe, and helps reduce maintenance costs.

This checklist is specifically designed for a pre-trip inspection of Class A vehicles and includes brakes, suspension parts, wheels, emergency equipment, lights, and more.

Pre-trip inspection Class B checklists were created to inspect vehicles of that class before they hit the road. These can include brakes and air systems, lights, steering, windshield wipers, and more.

A pre-trip inspection tool or software turns regular inspections into a simple and easy process by providing drivers with the information they need to undertake the inspection. This includes using pre-configured pre-trip inspection checklists or creating custom checklists that drivers can use so as not to forget a single detail about the inspection.

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Complete CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Checklists for Class A and Class B Drivers

Your fleet is loaded, and the fuel tanks are full – you’re ready to move. Or are you?

If you haven’t completed a pre-trip inspection checklist, you might not be.

The Department of Transportation (DOT) requires all drivers holding a commercial driver’s license (CDL) to complete a pre-trip DOT inspection checklist before operating a commercial vehicle. Usually taking about 10-15 minutes, this inspection checks essential systems such as brakes and steering, as well as tires, mirrors, and emergency equipment.

So how can drivers know what to check? In this article, we’ll run down the DOT requirements for pre-trip inspection checklists, along with key differences between Class A and Class B inspections and even some useful tools that can help make the job easier.

What is a pre-trip inspection checklist?

A pre-trip inspection checklist is a list of items that CDL holders need to review before operating their vehicles. As you may have guessed, this process is known as a pre-trip inspection .

What is a pre-trip inspection?

Pre-trip inspections aren’t just an annoying routine – they’re an important and necessary safety measure that helps ensure that commercial vehicles are up to fleet safety operation standards .

While the scope and contents of a pre-trip inspection checklist vary according to the type of commercial vehicle and its use, you can complete most inspections in about 10-15 minutes. Checklist items generally include assessing the operational condition of anything the driver and vehicle need to operate the vehicle safely . This usually includes things like an air brake check, along with checking lights, tire pressure, couplings, and so on.

Drivers must also record their inspection results in a driver vehicle inspection report (DVIR), which is usually automated (or at least streamlined) in companies with established fleet management tools. Periodic inspection requirements require additional pre-trip inspections every 24 hours of continuous use or whenever the driver changes vehicles.

It may seem like a lot to review, but most of it boils down to common sense. Before you start crawling under the nearest truck, however, you may want to see whether you have to perform a pre-trip inspection in the first place!

Who needs to complete a pre-trip inspection?

Pre-trip inspections are mandatory for both Class A and Class B commercial driver’s license (CDL) holders.

If you’re a CDL holder, you probably already know which Class you fall into. But just in case, here’s a quick refresher on the types and weights of vehicles that different classes of CDL holders can operate.

• The Class A CDL applies to commercial vehicles weighing at least 26,001 pounds that can tow at least 10,000 pounds. This usually encompasses most towing commercial vehicles such as big rigs, tractor-trailers , and flatbeds.
• The Class B CDL applies to commercial vehicles weighing at least 26,001 pounds that can tow no more than 10,000 pounds. This usually encompasses most non-towing commercial vehicles, such as passenger buses, garbage trucks, and delivery trucks.

While there is also a Class C CDL, this usually extends to specialty vehicles not found under either Class A or Class B (such as hazardous waste transport). However, since their detailed inspection procedures are highly specific and beyond the scope of this article, we won’t cover them here.

But what’s involved in Class A and Class B inspections, and how can they differ?

Class A vs. Class B pre-trip inspections

While Class A and Class B vehicles share many of the same detailed inspection procedures (every commercial vehicle has brake lights, after all), each class and vehicle type has its own inspection procedures.

• Class A and Class B commercial vehicles share many common inspection items, such as front and rear suspension, brake lights, minimum brake pad thickness, oil level, etc. These are usually items that apply to any type of road vehicle.
• Class A inspection items are usually those related to towing systems in commercial vehicles, such as the trailer parking brake, coupling areas, etc. These inspection standards usually extend to the trailer, flatbed, or any other object that the truck is towing.
• Class B inspection items are usually those related to non-towing commercial vehicles. As this is a very broad category, some Class B vehicles may not require any additional inspections, while others may have several specific systems to inspect. In the case of the latter, these are usually items specific to the vehicle itself, such as checking for broken seat frames in passenger areas of a bus.

Of course, there’s much more to each pre-trip vehicle inspection than the handful of key differences we’ve listed here. In the next section, we’ll run down the pre-trip inspection process that applies to nearly every commercial vehicle and then detail more class-specific motor vehicle safety inspections.

CDL pre-trip inspection checklist

The standard CDL pre-trip DOT inspection checklist includes everything a commercial motor vehicle needs to navigate the road safely.

These are generally suspension- and engine-related items that would just as well apply to a regular car. As a general rule, a commercial pre-trip inspection test almost always includes the following motor vehicle safety inspections.

Brake system

There’s nothing more important than your vehicle’s air brakes. Note that the following air brake tests apply to both tractor brakes and trailer brakes on Class A commercial vehicles.

• Brake linings and brake pads: Brake pads should be no less than the minimum thickness of one-quarter inch (¼”). Also, be sure to check linings for oil and debris.
• Brake chamber: The brake chamber should be completely sealed with no audible air leaks.
• Air brake hose: No air should leak from the brake hose, and the line should be properly mounted and free of cuts or splits.
• Brake drum: Should not be blue from excessive heat.
• Hand brake: Push rods should have no more than one inch (1”) of play in either direction and stand up 90 degrees when pulled.

Depending on the vehicle, these items are usually checked with a 9-step, 7-step, or 5-step brake test. These tests usually involve pressing the brake pedal, service brake, hand brake, or foot brake under various conditions and seeing whether air pressure recovers to the proper level in time (see your vehicle’s operating guide).

For example, drivers can check for low air pressure by pressing the brake pedal to fan off the pressure. If repeatedly pressing the brake pedal results in a low pressure buzzer or light indicator, the brake system will require repair.

Engine compartment

Engine compartment inspection items include:

• Fluids: The coolant hose, power steering hose, and any tanks or reservoirs should all be securely mounted and have no leaks. Similarly, a dipstick should indicate that all fluid levels (including oil level and coolant level) are at their proper levels.
• Belts: All belts for compressors, pumps, and alternators should have no cracks or frays and give no more than one-half of an inch (½”) of play.
• Air compressor: Should be securely mounted and functional with no cracks or leaks.
• Water pump: Pump hoses must be properly connected with no leaks.
• Alternator: Wires and belts must be properly connected.

Front of vehicle

Front-of-vehicle inspection items usually include steering equipment such as:

• Steering column or steering shaft: The steering column should be straight and unbroken.
• Steering box: The steering gearbox should be intact, and all connected hoses should be securely mounted with no power steering fluid leaks.
• Tie rod and control arms: Both should be straight.
• Drag link: The rubber should be greased and uncracked.
• Pitman arm: All cotter pins and caste nuts are present, secure, and tight.

Front suspension

Front suspension inspection items include springs, spring mounts, shocks, and suspension airbags.

• Spring mounts and spring hangers: Spring mounts should hold spring hangers securely in place with no signs of wear, cracks, or breakage.
• Leaf springs: Should be secured to hangers with no cracks or breakage.
• Shock absorbers: Should have no leaks, splits, or dry rot in the rubber. Leaks are typically located where the top and bottom pieces overlap.
• U-bolts: Should all be securely fastened around the spring and axle.

Rear of vehicle

The rear of tractor or truck inspection items include the following.

• Driveshaft: Should be straight with unbroken U-joints.
• Exhaust: Should be free of rust with no leaks or excessive soot.
• Frame: Structurally sound with no damages or unauthorized repairs/welds.
• Steps: Structurally sound and mounted properly.
• Mud Flaps: Should be clean, unbroken, and secured at the right height.

Wheels and tires

Wheel and tire inspections check for both proper inflation and overall tire condition, specifically tread depth. Note that this also extends to trailers on Class A vehicles.

• Drive and steer tires: Tire tread should be even with a minimum tread depth of 2/32” on drive tires and a minimum tread depth of 4/32” on steering axle tires. Use an air pressure gauge to check inflation levels against manufacturer inflation levels. Treads and sidewalls should be free of cracks, bulges, and abrasions.
• Wheel rims: No unauthorized repairs or illegal welds.
• Hub seal and axle seals: Should show the axle and hub seal intact with no visible leaks or play.
• Dual spacing: Any dual tires must have enough spacing between them.
• Lug bolt holes: All lug bolt holes should have all lug bolts and lug nuts.
• Valve stem: No audible air leaks.

Lights and reflectors

Light and reflector inspections include everything from running lights to DOT tape and 4-way emergency flashers.

• High and low beams: Ensure both are functional on all forward lights.
• Turn signals: Make sure all are functional for both tractor and trailer.
• Brake lights: Make sure all are functional for both tractor and trailer.
• Running lights and license plate lights: Walk around the truck and make sure all are on.
• 4-way emergency flasher function: Walk around the truck to make sure the 4-way flasher rear and front lights are fully operational.
• Reflector tape and DOT tape: All DOT tape and reflector tape should be clean with no signs of excessive wear.

Driver door and fuel tanks

Cab doors and fuel tanks are often located in the same area on commercial vehicles. Be sure to check the following:

• Door and door hinges: Should be intact and latch completely. The rubber door seal should be clean and uncracked.
• External mirrors and mirror brackets: All external mirrors should be firmly attached to their mirror brackets. External mirrors should also be clean and uncracked. Also, be sure to adjust external mirrors and mirror brackets to provide an adequate rear view.
• Steps: Should be securely mounted and able to support the weight.
• Fuel tank: No leaks, with cap and seal unbroken and intact.

In-cab items

Cab inspection usually covers the following items:

• Steering wheel: Fully attached to steering column.
• Gauges: Check that air gauges, oil pressure gauges, and any other gauges for operation function normally within their operating range. Air pressure gauges should build pressure to the governor cut out during an applied pressure test.
• Warning lights: Lights should show clearly for any lighting indicators, such as ABS lights or oil pressure indicators.
• Windshield: Cracks beyond one inch (1”) are not permitted. Windshield wipers should be clean and work properly, and the truck should have enough windshield washer fluid.
• Seat belt: Should fasten securely.
• City horn and air horns: Both air and city horn should sound properly.
• Heater and defroster: Should heat and function properly.

Special checks for Class A and Class B inspections

As we mentioned earlier, a Class A pre-trip truck inspection will usually have different periodic inspection requirements than, say, a Class B pre-trip school bus inspection.

While periodic inspection requirements ultimately come down to the exact type of vehicle (a Class B garbage truck, for example, may require additional inspections for its armature and compactor), the main differences usually come down to trailers vs. passenger areas .

• Trailers share many of the same inspection checklist items as the tractor, specifically the wheels and tires, suspension, and rear of trailer lights and reflectors. Also, make sure that the landing gear is not broken and can be fully raised.
• Coupling area inspections include checking air connectors, electrical lines, and nearby glad hands. All mounting equipment, such as the fifth-wheel plate, kingpin, mounting bolts, skid plate, release arm, and locking jaw and pins, should be present, secure, and in good condition.
• Rear of truck suspension inspections share many of the same items as those of front inspections but with special attention paid to the torque arm (or radius rod), which should be mounted securely with intact brushings.
• Passenger items such as seating, passenger doors, and any wheelchair lifts should all be secure and in working order. Emergency exits should also be clearly labeled and sound an alarm when opened.
• School bus items include all of the passenger items listed above, with the addition of checking student loading lights, stop arm, student rear-view mirror, and a recent first aid and body fluid cleanup kit.

Pre-trip inspections made easy with CalAmp

With fleet management software from CalAmp, you can spend less time filling out pre-trip inspection reports and more time on the road. Request a demo today to see just how easy it is to use CalAmp’s pre-trip inspection tools!

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DOT Pre-trip Inspection Guide

If you’re only getting paid when you’re out on the road, you want to make sure you head out as quickly as possible every day. But as great as it is to get started on your route for the day, you should never hit the open road without first doing your DOT pre-trip inspection and completing your DOT pre-trip inspection checklist. 

While your CDL school will teach you how to do a DOT pre-trip inspection thoroughly, here’s a quick introduction to get you started so you and others stay safe while you’re heading down the highway. 

What Is a Pre-trip Inspection?

A pre-trip inspection is simply a thorough check of your truck to make sure everything is functioning before you get behind the wheel. Completing your DOT pre-trip inspection checklist gives you a chance to make sure your vehicle is safe and allows you to address any issues or potential issues before you head out on the road.    A basic DOT pre-trip inspection includes checking your fluid levels, leaks, tires, 5th wheel, brakes, clutch, shock absorbers, ball joints, kingpins, gauges, lights, and more. Once you’ve completed a check of your truck, you can log your DOT pre-trip inspection in your log books and be on your way. While doing a DOT pre-trip inspection properly takes time, it can save your life. 

CDL pre-trip inspections should be taken seriously for several reasons:

• First, it’s a required activity by employers
• Second, your own safety is at stake, as well as the safety of those driving ahead of, behind and alongside you;
• Third, if you’re stopped by law enforcement or a Department of Transportation (DOT) inspector, an infraction could result in fines or instantly render your vehicle “out of service,” which could negatively impact your wallet or your career.

How Long Should a DOT Pre-trip Inspection Take?

There’s no standard or required amount of time a pre-trip inspection should take, but on average, a thorough DOT pre-trip inspection takes around 30 to 50 minutes. While some drivers try to cut corners and do their inspection faster, it’s important to take the time to perform a thorough inspection of your truck now, rather than risk having a breakdown or other issues while you’re on the road later. 

Failing to do a complete DOT pre-trip inspection checklist can also land you in hot water if you’re pulled over for a DOT inspection while on route. If you fail a routine DOT inspection, there can be some pretty hefty consequences such as a written warning, fine, suspension, or even jail time if the infraction is serious enough. Long story short—don’t rush your DOT pre-trip inspection.  

What Is a Level 1 DOT Inspection?

There are six levels of DOT inspections, but a Level 1 DOT inspection is the most common and most comprehensive. Sometimes you’ll need to stop along a route and complete a DOT inspection. While it might feel inconvenient, it’s important for keeping our roads and highways safe. Thankfully, you can speed the process along by keeping an accurate and up-to-date logbook and understanding what a Level 1 DOT inspection covers. 

Your DOT Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

Once you know how to properly perform your pre-trip check, it can be helpful to have a quick checklist to remind you of all the points you need to hit on your inspection. Each company is going to have its own checklist and its own safety process which comply with Federal Motor Carrier and Safety Administration (FMCSA) guidelines. Each State also follows the guidelines set by FMCSA when conducting a commercial vehicle inspection.

Here are the main points for a Level 1 DOT inspection. 

☐ Drug or alcohol use ☐ Use of seatbelts ☐ Logbook record ☐ Medical examiner’s certificate ☐ Hours of service 

☐ Brakes ☐ Truck frame ☐ Tires ☐ Suspension ☐ Vehicle inspection report ☐ Coupling devices ☐ Wheels and rims ☐ Turn signals ☐ Van and trailer bodies ☐ Lamps on projecting loads ☐ Windshield wipers ☐ Hazmat placarding ☐ Brake lamps ☐ Tail lamps ☐ Headlamps ☐ Safe loading ☐ Steering mechanism ☐ Exhaust system ☐ Fuel system

As you prepare for your CDL permit test you will learn how to properly conduct a DOT pre-trip inspection step-by-step. Knowing what to expect from a DOT Level 1 inspection will help you feel comfortable and prepared when you do get stopped. 

Why Is It Important to Do Pre- and Post-trip Inspections?

The reasons you need to do DOT pre- and post-trip inspections are pretty self-explanatory, but it’s still important to understand why these inspections matter for you, your company, and other drivers on the road. You may have even met drivers who rush through their paperwork and pre-trip inspections to get out on the road quicker. While it’s appealing at the time, doing this can easily result in additional downtime for their vehicles, increased safety issues, and accidents on the road. 

Why Are Pre-trip Inspections Important?

Pre-trip checks are in place because not all drivers understand the importance of doing a safety check before they hop behind the wheel. When you drive a massive truck, you have a massive responsibility to keep the road safe. Pre-trip inspections help you catch any safety concerns, save money on vehicle repairs, and reduce liability to yourself and your company.

Why Are Post-trip Inspections Important? 

When you’ve just finished a 14-hour shift, the last thing you want to do is a post-trip check of your truck for half an hour. However, a post-trip inspection is just as important as a DOT pre-trip inspection because it gives you the opportunity to repair any issues or potential issues before you need to continue or head out on your route the following day.  

Taking the time to do a thorough pre- and post-trip inspection will not only save you time and money, but also lives. Pre-trip inspections make sure you don’t start driving until you know the truck is road safe, while a good post-trip inspection will give you time to fix any issues before you need to head back out on your route.

  Are Pre-trip Inspections Required?

DOT pre-trip inspections are absolutely required and are essential for trucking companies, drivers, and owner-operators to run a safe and effective trucking fleet. Drivers are required by law to check their truck before they start their shift and once every 24 hours while they’re on the road. Although companies can be held liable for DOT inspection failures, the ultimate responsibility lies with you, the driver, to conduct a proper pre-trip inspection. 

Here are a few more reasons you should always take the time to complete your DOT pre-trip inspection checklist: 

It’s Required by Law

As previously mentioned, DOT pre-trip inspections aren’t just there to keep you safe and your truck in good repair—they are required by law by the Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration. Companies that fail DOT inspections can easily rack up thousands of dollars in fines. 

It Protects Drivers

Something as simple as checking your tires could mean the difference between life and death for other drivers. If you get a flat or lose a tire on the interstate you could easily cause a major traffic incident for other drivers. On the flip side, a major accident of your own could mean the difference between your life and death.

It Protects Trucking Companies

Aside from protecting yourself and others, a pre-trip inspection also protects your trucking company from legal liability. Whether you work for a company or are an owner-operator, failure to do a pre-trip inspection appears negligent and can result in fines and be used against you if your case is brought to court.

It Helps Identify Problems

Pre-trip inspections also serve another, very useful service: they allow you to track vehicle repairs and maintenance issues with your trucks. If you’re noticing the same issues cropping up again and again, it may mean a part is defective or that a truck needs to be replaced. Noticing these issues before your truck is on its last leg makes everyone safer on the road. 

When you only get paid for your time behind the wheel, it makes sense that some drivers try to cut corners and rush thorough inspections. However, a seasoned driver knows that it’s always better to take the time and do your inspection than to risk losing more time and money—and perhaps even your job—down the road. 

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Pre-Trip Inspection Study Guide

Our Pre-Trip Inspection Study Guide has everything you need to prepare for the Class A CDL Pre-Trip Inspection Exam . Our study guide will cover the pre-trip inspection terminology as well as a thorough list of all of the parts you will be inspecting on the vehicle. For each part you will be inspecting there will also be a list of items you will be checking for. Our study guide is broken down into the following sections:

• What You Need to Know About Pre-Trip Inspection

Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Questions

• Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist

Pre-Trip Inspection Videos

Pre-trip inspection printable resources, what you need to know about the pre-trip inspection.

The Pre-Trip Inspection is a thorough inspection of the vehicle and all of its major systems. Inspecting the vehicle before driving each day is a Federal requirement and normally takes about 15 minutes. It must be logged in your logbook as "on duty not driving."

You will have to do thorough safety inspections of the coupling system, the vehicle lights, engine compartment, tires and brakes, the chassis, the fuel tanks, and an in-cab inspection.

The following information is a brief summary of Daniel's Complete Pre-Trip Inspection taken from our oustanding free PDF download:

Engine Compartment

You will be checking the engine compartment for any sort of leaks. You will also be checking to see if all components are properly mounted and secured. None of the mounts must be cracked, bent, or broken.

You will be checking all hoses to make sure they aren't leaking, frayed, or sliced and the fluid levels including the oil level, the coolant, and the power steering fluid.

You must check the components like the water pump, the power steering pump, and the alternator to make sure nothing is leaking, the belts are not frayed, and that everything is properly mounted and secured.

From inside the engine compartment you will also find the steering system, the front suspension system, and the front brake system. All components of these systems must be properly mounted and secured without anything being cracked, bent, or broken. Finally you will be checking the tires, rims, and axle seals to make sure the tires are properly inflated, the rim isn't bent or cracked, and the axle seals are not leaking.

Fuel Tank And Battery Area

You will be standing along the side of the tractor doing a series of checks on the mirrors, fuel tanks, batteries, exhaust system, and more. You will check to make sure nothing is bent, cracked, broken, or leaking.

Check the mirrors, door hinges, door handle to make sure nothing is cracked, bent, or broken. Check to make sure there is no fuel leaking and that the fuel cap is secured and the gasket is not missing.

Check the exhaust system to make sure nothing is cracked, bent, or broken. Check the driveshaft, cat walk, and steps to make sure nothing is cracked, bent, or broken.

Check the frame and crossmembers for structural integrity. Check the air lines going to the trailer to make sure they're properly connected and that there are no abrasions, bulges, or cuts. Make sure the gaskets are present.

Check the suspension system and brakes on the drive axles, making sure nothing is cracked, bent, or broken. Make sure the brake linings are the proper thickness and that the air bags and properly inflated. Inspect the brake chambers, slack adjusters, and pushrods are properly mounted and secure. Not Cracked, Bent, or Broken. With the brakes released and pulled by hand, the Push Rod should not move more than 1 inch.

Check the rims, tires, and axle seals of the drive tires for proper inflation, no leaks around the seal, and the lugs are all present and secured.

Coupling System

You will be standing where the tractor and trailer are connected and you'll start by checking the electrical line and air lines to make sure they're properly mounted and secure at both ends. No abrasions, bulges or cuts. Not leaking air. Make sure the electrical line has no wires exposed. Check the gladhands to make sure the seals are in good condition, no cracks or signs of dry rotting. Not leaking air.

Check the skid plate of the fifth wheel and the apron of the trailer to make sure there is no debris and nothing is cracked, bent, or broken. Make sure the fifth wheel is properly greased. Also make sure there is no gap in between the fifth wheel and the trailer apron once the tractor and trailer are coupled. Make sure the kingpin of the trailer is properly mounted and not cracked, bent, or broken and that the locking jaws of the fifth wheel are properly secured when the tractor and trailer are coupled.

Check the mounting bolts where the fifth wheel attaches to the tractor frame. Make sure there are no missing bolts and that everything is secured properly. Check the locking pin if you having a sliding fifth wheel to make sure it's properly locked into place.

Make sure that there is the proper clearance space between the tractor mudflap and the trailer landing gear so that they don’t hit each other when making a turn.

You will start inspecting the trailer at the head board, which is the front wall of the trailer. Make sure there are no holes or missing rivets. Check the landing gear to make sure it is properly mounted and secure. Not cracked, bent, or broken. Make sure the fully raised and the handle is secure in the cradle when the tractor and trailer are coupled.

Check the frame and crossmembers under the trailer to make sure they're not cracked, bent, or broken. Check the tandem frame and release pins to make sure the frame is in good condition and the release handle and locking pins are in the fully locked position.

You will check the entire suspension and brake system for the trailer tandems the same way you did for the drive axles of the tractor. You will also make sure the mudflaps are properly secured. For dual tires check to see that there is proper space between the tires and there is nothing stuck between the tires.

Check the rear door and hinges to make sure they are properly mounted and nothing is cracked, bent, or broken. Make sure the door seals are not worn, torn, or dry rotted.

Light Check

You will be checking all of the lights and reflectors on both the tractor and the trailer. Check the reflectors and reflective tape to make sure they are properly mounted and secure, not cracked, bent, or broken, and clean and illuminated. Check that you have the proper color of amber to the front and sides, and red to the rear.

Start by turning on your marker lights and headlights. Now walk around the entire truck and trailer and point out the lights. Give the function of the light and the location. You should then ask your examiner to help you check your five functions.

While you're sitting in the drivers seat, the examiner will stand to the front of the truck, then behind the trailer. He will then check your Turn Signals, Four Way Flashers and Brake Lights. You must do each function at every location.

The five locations that you must check your lights:

• Front of the Truck
• Both sides of the Truck
• Rear of the Truck
• Both sides of the Trailer
• Rear of the Trailer

The Five Functions you are checking for:

• Left Turn Signal
• Right Turn Signal
• Four Way Flashers
• High Beams/Low Beams
• Brake Lights

In-Cab Inspection

The in-cab inspection and air brake check will cover the various gauges and systems inside the cab along with several tests to make sure you air brake system is working properly.

You will start by checking the following:

• Seat Belt- Properly Mounted and Secure. Not ripped or frayed Adjusts and latches properly.
• Fire Extinguisher- Properly Mounted and Secure. Fully charged
• Three Red Reflective Triangles- My three red reflective triangles are GIVE LOCATION
• Spare Electrical Fuses- My spare electrical fuses are GIVE LOCATION
• Volmeter, Oil Pressure Gauge, Water Temperature Gauge, and Air Pressure Gauge all show proper operation
• City horn and air horn functioning properly
• The windshield and mirrors are clean, no cracks or breaks, no obstructions. The mirrors are in proper adjustment.
• Windshield Wipers and Washers - Demonstrate that the washers work by spraying the windshield. The Wipers are: Properly Mounted and Secure and operate smoothly. The blades aren't cracked or dry rotten.
• Heater and Defroster - Demonstrate that both the Heater and Defroster are working properly.
• Lighting Indicators - Left Turn, Right Turn, Four Way Flashers, and High Beams.

Trailer Parking Brakes - Set the Trailer Brake, release the tractor brake, and then tug lightly on the trailer.

Tractor Parking Brakes- Then set the Tractor Brake, release the trailer brake, and then tug lightly on the tractor.

Service Brake Check - Release both Tractor and Trailer Brakes. Now drive at idle speed. Apply the Service Brake to make sure you come to a complete stop, and that it doesn't pull to the left or right when applying the brakes.

Air Brake Test

The air brake test will consist of a leakdown test to make sure your air brakes aren't leaking air and losing pressure. It will also test the warning lights and buzzer to make sure the driver gets the proper warning if the air pressure drops too low.

There are three stages to an Air Brake Test

#1: Applied Pressure Test

#2: Warning Light and Buzzer

#3 Tractor/Trailer Protection Valve Pop Out

Applied Pressure Test: Build the air pressure to governor cut out. Put the truck in the lowest gear. Then turn off the engine Immediately turn the engine back on. Push in both the tractor and trailer valves. (This will release the parking brakes.) Push and hold the Brake pedal fully. Allow the gauges to stabilize. Announce the gauges have stabilized and the Primary and Secondary PSI. With the Brakes fully pressed, you should not lose more than 4 PSI in one minute. Announce that you are listening for air leaks during that minute.

Warning Light and Buzzer Test: Pump down on the Brake pedal until the warning light and buzzer comes on, at or before 60 PSI.

Tractor/Trailer Protection Valve Pop Out Test: Pump down on the brake pedal until both the tractor and trailer protection valves pop out. They should both pop out between 40 and 20 PSI.

We have a ton of Pre-Trip Inspection Practice Questions along with the answers and a complete scoring system in our Free Online CDL Practice Tests :

The Engine Compartment Section will include questions about checking the oil level and coolant levels, inspecting belt-driven engine components (like the water pump, alternator, and air compressor), and the safety devices required in the cab. There will also be questions regarding the windshield wipers and free play in the steering wheel.

The Lights And Brakes Section will include questions about dashboard indicator lights, inspecting the parking brakes, and doing a leakdown test on the air brakes. It will also include questions about the low air pressure warning signal and testing your air horn and city horn.

The Suspension And Steering Section will include questions about the tractor protection valve, inspecting the steering box, and inspecting many suspension system parts. It will also include questions about welds being present on tire rims and the minimum tread depth required on steering axle tires.

The Tires And Coupling Devices Section will include questions about shiny trails or rusty threads on lug nuts, inspecting the battery box and cover, and inspecting electrical lines. It will also contain questions about inspecting the coupling devices and the fifth wheel skid plate.

The Emergency Equipment And Fifth Wheel Section will include questions about additional emergeny equipment required by school buses, inspecting the gap between the kingpin apron and the fifth wheel skid plate, and the landing gear securement. It will also contain questions about inspecting driver mirrors and the trailer frame.

Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist - Class A

Our pre-trip inspection checklist covers every part of the truck from front to back, both inside and outside of the truck. It covers the air brakes, suspension parts, steering components, wheels and rims, fuel tanks, batteries, lights, and more. It also covers the air brake tug test and checks for everything under the hood including alternator, water pump, fuel pump, fluids, and more.

This is a super handy checklist to study anytime you have a few minutes to spare:

Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist - Free Word Document Download (Editable Version)

Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist - Free PDF Download (Print Version)

Pre-Trip Inspection Video By Apex CDL Institute

Jeff from Apex Institute does an in-depth explanation of the entire pre-trip inspection process. This video is loaded with tips that go beyond the CDL test to help drivers really understand how to identify problems.

Pretrip Inspection Self-Test By CDL College

The Pretrip Inspection Self-Test By CDL College is really unique. It's a silent video which will show you the part you're inspecting and then gives you a few seconds to figure out what you should be checking for before giving you the answer. Definitely check this one out. Great for practicing before the CDL exam.

Pre-Trip Inspection Video By Averitt Express

This is a complete back to front pre-trip inspection of a truck and trailer by Averitt mainentance associate Kevin Breeding. This thorough pre-trip inspection covers all inportant points of inside the cab, lights, engine, the tractor itself and the trailer.

We have included two print versions of the pre-trip inspection process from Daniel. The first is the entire pre-trip inspection and the second is an abbreviated checklist for the inspection.

• PDF: Daniel's Pre-trip Inspection (Print Version)
• PDF: Daniel's Pre-trip Inspection Checklist (Print Version)

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What is a Pre-Trip Inspection Checklist for Class A CDL

October 22, 2021

Get Started With Samsara

Key Takeaways

Drivers who have a class A commercial driver’s license (CDL) usually have to complete a pre-trip inspection on their non-passenger commercial vehicles. Having a pre-trip inspection checklist handy helps driver’s know what to expect when they pass their CDL examination and what parts of their vehicle the will need to inspect before heading out on the road.

What is a CDL pre-trip inspection checklist?

A pre-trip inspection checklist helps truck drivers remember all the major systems and parts to inspect before heading out on a route. Knowing how to complete a pre-trip vehicle inspection is an important part of trucking. 

Pre-trip inspections for class A licensees

The class A commercial driver’s license (CDL) typically covers non-passenger commercial vehicles . These might include tractor-trailers, tankers, livestock carriers, flatbeds, and more.

The Department of Transportation (DOT) requires drivers to perform a pre-trip inspection before driving a commercial vehicle. Similar to Class B CDL holders, the actual daily pre-trip inspection takes about 15 minutes or less. Typically, the inspection includes the following, with some employers making their own variations.

Brakes and air system

Steering mechanism

Lights and reflectors

Tires, wheels, and rims

Windshield wipers

Rearview mirrors

Emergency equipment

Drivers complete a driver vehicle inspection report (DVIR) recording the completed inspection.

Class A CDL pre-trip inspection checklist

When getting a CDL, drivers need to pass a  pre-trip inspection test. It’s more intensive than the inspection drivers perform daily. This pre-trip inspection checklist for a Class A CDL gives drivers an overview of performing an inspection. Check your state’s CDL manual for a complete list of inspection requirements.

Click here for a Class B pre-trip inspection list.

Engine compartment

Fluids - coolant, oil, and power steering : Reservoirs and tanks should not leak. Check hoses for splits or cuts and that they are securely mounted on both ends. Verify proper fluid levels with a dipstick.

Belts - alternator, pumps, compressor : All belts should be securely mounted without cracks or frays. Belt should have no more than 1/2" to 3/4" of play. 

Hoses (passenger and driver’s sides) : All hoses, including power steering and coolant hose, should be secured on both ends. They should not have splits, cuts, or leaks.

Air compressor: May be difficult to see. Ensure it’s securely mounted, not broken, cracked or leaking.

Alternator : All wires are properly connected.

Water pump : All hoses are properly connected and not leaking. 

Front of tractor/truck

Steering gearbox and hoses : No damage or leaks. Hose should be secured on both ends. They should not have splits, cuts, or leaks.

Steering shaft/steering column : Not bent or broken.

Pitman arm : All caste nuts and cotter pins are present and tight.

Drag link : Rubber is not split and properly greased.

Upper and lower control arms and tie rod : Tie rod should be secure, not cracked or bent.

Front suspension

Spring mounts/spring hanger : Not cracked or broken.

Leaf springs : None are cracked, broken, or shifted.

U-bolts : All accounted for.

Shock absorber : No visible leaks. Leaks will show at the point where the top and bottom of the shock meet. Rubber is not split or shows signs of dry rot.

Airbag : Check rubber for abrasions, cuts or audible leaks plus any missing mounting bolts.

Driver door and fuel area

Mirrors and bracket: Hardware attached properly. Mirror should be clean and not broken.

Door and hinges : Demonstrate door operations, latching properly, hinges intact. Door seals should not be torn or rotten. 

Steps : Mounted properly and can hold weight.

Fuel tank: Not leaking; cap is tight with seal intact.

Rear of tractor/truck

Drive shaft : Not twisted, U-joints not broken and free of debris.

Exhaust system: Not loose, no sign of leaks (exterior soot).

Frame : Nothing broken or unauthorized welds.

Catwalk and steps : Properly mounted and clear of loose objects.

Mudflap : Secured, not missing or broken. At the right height.

Coupling area

Air connector: Secure on both ends, no abrasions, cuts, or audible leaks. Connectors should not drag or tangle.

Electric lines : Secure on both ends, no abrasions or cuts. Safety latches in place. Lines should not drag on the catwalk or tangle.

Glad hands : Seals should be in good condition with no cracks, signs of rotting, or leaking air.

Fifth wheel platform : Secure to frame, not cracked, bent or broken. No unauthorized or illegal welds.

Mounting bolts : No missing bolts and mounted tight.

Skid plate: Properly greased.

Release arm : Secure in fully locked position.

King pin : Mounted and secure. No cracks, bends, and breaks.

Locking jaw : Fully locked around the king pin. 

Apron : Mounted and secure. No cracks, bends, and breaks.

Sliding 5th wheel locking pins : Pin must be in the fully locked position.

Brake system (both tractor and trailer)

Brake hose : Securely mounted on both ends. No splits, cuts, and not audibly leaking air.

Brake chamber : Not audibly leaking air.

Slack adjuster and push rod : When brakes are released and pulled by hand, the push rod should have no more than 1” of play. It should stay at a 90° angle to the brake chamber.

Brake drum :  No bluing from excessive heat.

Brake pads/brake lining : Check for oil and debris on the lining. Minimum brake pad thickness is ¼.” 

Wheel system (both tractor and trailer)

Wheel rims : No unauthorized or illegal welds.

Steer tires : Look for cuts, bulges, and abrasions on the tread and sidewalls. Tread depth should be a minimum of 4/32”. Tread should be evenly worn. Check inflation levels on tires with an air gauge, filled to manufacturer’s specifications.

Drive tires : Look for cuts, bulges, and abrasions on the tread and sidewalls. Tread depth should be a minimum of 2/32”. Tread should be evenly worn. Check inflation levels on tires with an air gauge, filled to manufacturer’s specifications.

Valve stem . Properly secured, metal cap in place. Not audibly leaking air.

Lug nuts : All accounted for. Check for rust or cracks.

Hub seal/axle seal : Should not be loose. No visible leaks.

Spacing : If equipped with duals, there must be proper spacing between the tires.

Frame and cross members : Secure, not cracked, bent or broken and none missing.

Header board : Secure and not excessively damaged. No holes or missing rivets. 

Landing gear : Must be fully raised and the cradle handle secured. Not cracked, bent or broken.

Doors and hinges: Secured and should open, close and latch properly. Door seals have no separation, no rubber tubing sticking out.

Tandem release :  Release handle and locking pins should be fully locked.

Trailers airbag : Check rubber for abrasions, cuts or audible leaks, plus any missing mounting bolts.

Trailer spring mounts/spring hanger : Not cracked or broken

Trailer leaf springs : None are cracked, broken, or shifted.

Trailer u-bolts : All accounted for.

Trailer shock absorber : No visible leaks. Leaks will show at the point where the top and bottom of the shock meet. Rubber is not split or shows signs of dry rot.

Torque arm/radius rod : Secure mounting, bushings intact.

Check all lights on the front, both sides of tractor, truck rear, both sides of trailer, and trailer rear. Turn on to ensure lights and reflectors are working.

Running lights : Walk around the truck and trailer to examine all.

High beams/low beams: Walk around the truck and trailer to examine all.

Turn signals : Signal both right turn and left turn. Walk around the truck and trailer to examine all.

Hazards/4-way flashers : Walk around the truck and trailer to examine all.

Brake lights : Ask the examiner to watch brake lights. Confirm they worked using the side mirror. 

License plate lights : Walk around the truck and trailer to examine all.

Reflector tapes : Clean and not worn. Walk around the truck and trailer to examine all.

In-cab inspection and air brake test

Seat belt: No rips or frays and should adjust and latch properly.

Lighting indicators : See lights and reflectors section

Oil pressure indicator : Demonstrate normal operating range.

Water temperature gauge : Demonstrate normal operating range.

Air pressure gauges : Build to governor cut out.

Ammeter/voltmeter : Charging between 13 and 14 volts.

Mirrors : Secure, not cracked or broken. No obstructions and properly adjusted.

Windshield : No more than a 1” crack is permitted. Clean and free of debris.

Windshield wipers and washers: Turn on to show they are working properly.

Horns (city and air) : Show they are working properly.

Heater/defroster : Turn on to show they are working properly.

Safety/emergency equipment : Must have a fire extinguisher, three red reflective triangles and spare electrical fuses. Extinguisher must be fully charged and secured.

Steering wheel : Secured to steering column.

Foot pedals : Free of grease and debris. No obstructions. 

Hydraulic brake check : Pump the brake pedal several times. Apply pressure to the pedal and hold for five seconds. The pedal should not move.

Air brake check : Air brake devices vary. Drivers must test three components of the air brake check correctly: applied pressure, warning lights and buzzers, and valve pop-outs.

Parking brake: 

Trailer parking brake : Set the trailer brake, release the tractor brake. Put truck in low gear and tug. 

Tractor parking brake : Set the tractor brake, release the trailer brake. Put truck in low gear and tug.

Service brake : Release both the tractor and trailer brakes. Drive 3 – 5 mph. Apply the service brake and come to a complete stop. Ensure steering does not pull to the left or right when applying the brakes.

Watch the video below to see how All Aboard America uses the Samsara Driver App to become nearly 100% paperless and save 30 minutes per trip, totaling 500 hours saved weekly.

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5 Best Practices for Executing Pre- and Post-Trip Inspections

This post is part of a series sponsored by IAT Insurance Group.

When commercial drivers are pulled over for DOT roadside inspections, an under-inflated tire, a malfunctioning brake light or any other number of equipment failures can result in assessed violations, fines and potential out-of-service-related downtime. Each one of these can negatively impact a motor carrier’s DOT compliance record.

It is estimated that out-of-service vehicles can cost fleets an average of $850 to $1,000 per day. In addition, the failure to deliver goods on time can result in customer dissatisfaction and the possible loss of revenue from your customer taking their business elsewhere.

In a more severe scenario, a truck driver is involved in an accident when the brakes malfunction. When the plaintiff’s attorney finds out the driver failed to perform a federally required pre-trip inspection that day, the repercussions grow.

The Federal Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) regulates pre- and post-trip inspections to be performed by truck drivers on each trip. [1] , [2] When commercial driver’s license (CDL) operators follow documented policies and procedures in completing these equipment inspections, such as using the U.S. DOT’s pre- and post-trip checklist, [3] these issues can potentially be avoided. Unfortunately, many drivers fail do so.

Out of 59,000 roadside inspections performed during a three-day road safety campaign last year, 14,428 violations were issued for brake systems, tires, defective service brakes, lights and cargo securement. [4]

Checking the boxes to reduce violations

To significantly reduce the odds of violations and to ensure equipment is safe to operate, these best practices can help fleets educate and motivate their drivers to perform their required safety checks daily.

• Perform a twice-daily walk-around . When drivers make a habit of walking around their vehicle twice a day, inspecting components such as tires, lights, brakes and the fifth wheel, any potentially needed repairs can be noted and addressed. This is also the perfect opportunity to fill out the Driver Vehicle Inspection Report (DVIR).3

Consider using a pre-trip inspection app to make the inspections easier for drivers. In lieu of a paper form, using an electronic eDVIR can help streamline the process, encourage participation and reduce inspection time.

• Include pre- and post- trip inspection in your annual training and onboarding. Teach and/or review the step-by-step process to completing a proper equipment inspection to your drivers and emphasize its importance. In addition, instruct them on how to properly document that they’ve completed the inspection.

Emphasize the timeframe needed to perform a pre- or post-trip inspection. Assure drivers that their daily pre-trip inspection should take only 10 minutes or 15 minutes at the most.

• Report your findings. When issues are discovered during the equipment inspection process, take care of the issue right away. Owner-operators should arrange to immediately fix their truck or trailer, and fleet drivers should be trained to inform managers immediately.

Document and maintain files on all equipment that shows when inspections, service and repairs have been completed. In the event of an accident, it is key to ensure these files are available.

• Be aware of common violations . Commonly known as the BLT’s of equipment violations — brakes, lights and tires — fleets should instruct their drivers to be extra diligent in inspecting these areas, as they are the most commonly assessed equipment violations. In addition to inspecting their vehicle, drivers must prepare and sign a written report listing any defect or deficiency that could impact operational safety or lead to a mechanical breakdown of parts and accessories.

The following should be examined during each pre- 1 and post-trip 2 inspection, per the FMCSA:

• Service brakes, including trailer brake connections
• Parking (hand) brake
• Steering mechanism
• Lighting devices and reflectors
• Windshield wipers
• Rear-vision mirrors
• Coupling devices
• Wheels and rims
• Emergency equipment
• Discuss how equipment violations affect the company. Inform your drivers that DOT violations lead to additional inspections, possible loss of customers due to a poor DOT compliance record and increases insurance costs. Good equipment inspections help keep your drivers and the motoring public safe.

ASK A LOSS CONTROL REPRESENTATIVE

Have a question on how to mitigate risk? Email [email protected] for a chance to see your question answered in a future blog.

[1] FMCSA “ 6.3.4 Equipment, Inspection, and Use (392.7-392.9) ,” Accessed March 21, 2023.

[2] Code of Federal Regulations “ 396.11 driver vehicle inspection report(s), ” March 17, 2023.

[3] FMCSA “ Driver’s Vehicle Inspection Report ,” Accessed March 21, 2023.

[4] Josh Fisher “ Bad brakes, false logs were most common 2022 Roadcheck violations,” Sept. 14, 2022.

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The Importance of Pre-Trip Inspections

• February 8, 2021
• TCI Transportation
• Tips & Advice

When it’s time to hit the road, the last thing you want to do is perform a pre-trip inspection. However, pre-trip inspections can save you from unwanted downtime by preventing accidents, repair costs, or missed deadlines. Understanding the benefits of performing pre-trip inspections will ensure the company, your drivers, and motorists are safe on the road.

Why Are Pre Inspections Required?

Even though pre-trip inspections take up valuable time, they are required by law.

The Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) requires truck drivers to perform pre-trip inspections before each haul. Each driver must fill out a driver vehicle inspection report (DVIR) to ensure that the truck’s parts are in working condition, and if not, the vehicle needs to be repaired before use.

There are many reasons why pre-trip inspections are required by law, but two are most important:

Safety : Pre-trip inspections keep truckers and motorists safe on the road. Because trucks are heavy-duty vehicles, they can cause fatal, lasting damage if an accident occurs during a haul. For instance, faulty brakes could lead to a fatal accident. Truck driving takes 7th place on the list of the most dangerous jobs in America, and the U.S. The Department of Labor stated that the number of truck driver fatalities increased by 6.6% from 2016 to 2018. One of the primary causes of these fatal accidents is the failure to perform daily vehicle inspections. Inspecting each and every truck before use keeps everyone protected.

Protection: Unfortunately, even if inspections are completed properly, an accident may still occur on the road. If a motorist or driver is hurt, the company is required to prove in court that they consistently took the necessary precautions to ensure everyone’s safety. DVIR’s are essential to protecting the company because they serve as proof that the vehicle passed inspection and that the company is compliant with the law.

What Are the Consequences of Not Performing Pre-Trip Inspections?

The FMCSA has a point system in place that ensures drivers are following the list of regulations. The Compliance, Safety, and Accountability (CSA) points program rates drivers and fleet managers to see if they are following the FMCSA safety standards .

When a driver is not following one of the regulations, they will receive a CSA violation. Every CSA violation equals a certain number of points depending on the regulation. If a fleet company accrues too many points, it is flagged and becomes a priority for the FMCSA to intervene and assess.

If an accident occurs while a trucker was on the road, lawyers will want to look at the pre-trip inspection report. If a report was not filed, the fleet company can be deemed as negligent in court. Or, if the report states that the inspection took 10 minutes or less, then the lawyers may see it as a red flag and may want details as to how the driver was able to fully inspect the truck in less than 10 minutes.

Fleet managers who do not require inspection reports to be completed are not complying with the law, which can lead to costly trouble. Failure to perform daily pre-trip inspections can result in a loss of certifications, licenses, money, and in severe cases, jobs and even businesses. While a pre-trip inspection can take up to thirty minutes of time, failing to comply with the law can lead to timeless consequences.

Commonly Overlooked Checks During Pre-Trip Inspections

Sometimes certain checks slip through the cracks when it comes time for inspection. These following checks should be added to a daily inspection checklist to ensure a truck is ready to hit the road.

Brakes: Checking the brakes is an absolute must when it comes time to perform a pre-trip inspection. A vehicle’s brakes quickly wear and tear over time and are often ranked as one of the top roadside violations. When checking the brakes, make sure to check the adjustment with the slack adjuster, perform an in-cab check, and ensure the air lines are secure and can flex.

Emergency Kit: Truck drivers must have an emergency kit containing a fire extinguisher, spare fuses/circuit breakers, and warning triangles. You’ll need to test the fuses to make sure they still work properly and replace the extinguisher when needed as it will lose pressure over time.

Seatbelts: Check your seatbelts for wear and tear, frayed edges, or any signs of breakage. If the seatbelt was to snap during a haul, it could lead to both a violation as well as serious danger on the road.

Go Digital with A Driver Vehicle Inspection Reports App

To help truckers perform inspections with ease, companies have released apps to help drivers complete DOT driver vehicle inspection reports. An app is a beneficial solution for any fleet company because the reports will be digitized, and there won’t be any worries about lost reports in case of accidents. Fleet managers can check for reports through the app without having to sort through reams of paperwork.

An example of one of the DVIR digital apps on the market includes DriverRoo . This app walks the driver through a visual representation of the vehicle and makes logging reports effortless.

Fleetio also provides a driver inspection reports app to ensure your trucks are safe to hit the road. Fleet managers can create customized DVIR forms or start from premade templates. It is also a managing tool to schedule vehicles for inspection, set frequencies, and remind drivers when inspections are due.

At TCI, we are dedicated to educating and serving the trucking and transportation industries. If you enjoyed this article and want to stay up-to-date with the trucking industry, please sign up for our email list .

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