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Slips, Trips and Falls Safety Talk

Introduction to Workplace Safety

Every year, countless employees are injured from easily preventable accidents. Among the most common are slips, trips, and falls. These incidents not only lead to personal injury but can also result in significant financial costs for businesses. Understanding how to avoid these hazards in the workplace is essential for creating a safe and productive environment.

In this blog post, we will explore the importance of preventing these accidents, identify common causes, and provide actionable strategies to mitigate risks. Whether you’re a safety manager or an employee wanting to contribute to a safer workplace, this guide is for you.

Common Causes of Slips, Trips and Falls

• Best Prevention Practices

The Role of Employee Training

What industry is the most prone to slips, trips and falls.

The construction industry is most at risk for fatal falls. More than seven times the rate of other industries according to NSC . In 2021, nearly 1 in 5 workplace deaths occured in the construction industry with most falls occuring to a lower level .

Falls are the most common hazard and leading cause of death in construction. They make up a part of OSHA’s “ Fatal Four ” and OSHA offers lesson plans that focus on each topic tailored to the industry. 

Why Prevention is Crucial

Accidents resulting from slips, trips, and falls are among the most frequent and severe workplace injuries. According to the National Safety Council, they account for over 30% of all workplace injuries. For businesses, these incidents can lead to increased insurance premiums, legal fees, and lost productivity.

Beyond the numbers, there’s a moral responsibility to ensure the well-being of staff. Preventing such accidents promotes a culture of care and safety, which can also improve employee morale and satisfaction. A safe workplace is a productive one, and taking proactive steps to prevent accidents is both a wise and ethical choice.

Wet and Uneven Surfaces

One of the primary causes of slips and falls is wet or uneven surfaces. This can include everything from freshly mopped floors to unexpected patches of ice or snow at building entrances. Surfaces that are not level, such as loose floorboards or uneven tiles, can also be hazardous.

For example, consider a warehouse where spills happen frequently. If these spills aren’t cleaned up promptly, employees are at risk of slipping. Similarly, construction sites often pose trip hazards due to the nature of the work environment.

Clutter and Obstructions

Another common culprit is workplace clutter . Items left in walkways, electrical cords stretched across rooms, and poorly arranged furniture can all create dangerous trip hazards. In busy environments, such as offices or hospitals, clutter can quickly become a serious issue.

Imagine a busy job site where toolboxes or any other equipment is set down. A worker walking through who is carrying materials or equipment themselves could easily trip over these obstacles, leading to potential injury. It’s important to keep pathways clear and organized to prevent such incidents.

Poor Lighting

Adequate lighting is crucial for safety. Dimly lit areas can obscure potential hazards, making it difficult for employees to see and avoid them. Poor lighting is especially dangerous in stairwells, storage rooms, and areas with heavy foot traffic.

Think about a poorly lit parking structure or garage. Without proper illumination, employees may not see oil spills or uneven pavement, increasing the risk of an accident. Ensuring that all areas are well-lit can significantly reduce these risks.

Best Practices for Prevention

Consistent maintenance and housekeeping are key to preventing slips, trips, and falls. This includes promptly addressing spills, repairing damaged flooring, and removing clutter from walkways. Regular inspections can help identify potential hazards before they cause accidents.

Practices for fall prevention include:

• Implementing a daily cleaning schedule
• Inspecting for floor damage, loose tiles, or any hazardous clutter or debris
• Enforce fall protection systems such as harnesses
• Safety training and emergency preparedness
• Ensure safe access to all work areas using stable ladders, scaffolds, etc.
• Use safety nets where applicable
• Consistent supervising and monitoring of risky work
• Conduct regular safety audits and improve measures and practices

Proper Signage and Warnings

Signage plays a vital role in alerting employees to potential hazards. Using clear, visible signs to indicate wet floors, uneven surfaces, or areas under maintenance can help prevent accidents. Temporary signage should be used during cleaning or maintenance activities.

Consider a construction site where water is sprayed for dust control. By placing “Wet Floor” signs in visible areas where employees and clients are likely to slip and fall can reduce risk.

Appropriate Footwear and Equipment

Encouraging the use of appropriate footwear and safety equipment can significantly reduce the risk of slips, trips, and falls. Non-slip shoes, for example, are designed to provide better traction on slippery surfaces.

In construction, workers using proper footwear and helmets are better protected against falls and other injuries. Job sites often have heavy objects, tools, and various other hazards that can all be resolved with shoes that have the following traits:

• Impact protection
• Puncture and tear resistance
• Slip resistance
• Electrical hazard protection
• Ankle support
• Comfort and material longevity

Employee training and awareness programs are essential for fostering a safety-conscious culture. Regular training sessions can educate staff about potential hazards and how to avoid them. Interactive workshops and real-life scenarios can make these sessions more engaging and effective.

For example, a manufacturing plant might conduct monthly safety drills to train employees on how to handle spills and obstructions. These drills can increase awareness and reduce the likelihood of accidents.

Employers can track training progress and document toolbox talks using the Safety Reports safety training app . This app will improve your company’s safety program with a variety of features including preloaded safety talks and attendance verification. 

Encouraging Reporting

Creating an environment where employees feel comfortable reporting hazards is crucial. Encourage staff to report spills, damaged flooring, or poorly lit areas without fear of retribution. Implementing a simple reporting system can make this process easier.

In an office setting, a simple online form for hazard reporting can empower employees to take an active role in maintaining a safe workplace. Promptly addressing reported hazards demonstrates a commitment to safety.

Continuous Education

Safety training shouldn’t be a one-time event. Continuous education and refresher courses can keep safety top-of-mind. Regular updates on new safety protocols and technologies can help staff stay informed and prepared.

Hold A Safety Stand-Down

What is a safety stand down?

A safety stand down is a company-wide event used by employers to educate and inform employees about important safety topics such as fall prevention. 

Management can conduct a safety stand down in the following ways:

• Take breaks to hold a toolbox talk relevant to your industry. OSHA has a list of many safety topics to choose from. 
• Hold safety activities using engaging training strategies that will ensure participants interact and learn effectively.
• Conduct safety equipment inspections .
• Talk about or develop rescue/action plans with your team for when injuries take place.
• Talk about PPE and other safety equipment essentials . 

By holding a Safety Stand-Down, companies can receive a Certificate of Participation from OSHA. This certificate recognizes the time and effort devoted to preventing falls with work crews. 

Preventing slips, trips, and falls in the workplace is a continuous effort that requires attention to detail and a commitment to safety. By understanding common causes, implementing best practices, and leveraging technology, businesses can create safer work environments.

Remember, a safe workplace doesn’t just happen—it’s built through consistent efforts and a proactive approach. By prioritizing safety, companies can protect their most valuable asset—their people.  

Align Technologies™ 400 Inverness Pkwy Suite 250 Englewood, CO 80112 402.403.6575

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Construction, Injuries and Illness

Prevent slips and falls at your construction site.

Updated: Apr 13, 2018

Slip-and-fall accidents are one of the leading causes of injury in the construction workplace. While the most catastrophic of these occur when working from heights, many injuries also happen at the ground level. Many accidents occur when walking across uneven ground that is too soft, too hard, wet, or muddy.

Halfpoint / iStock / Getty Images Plus / Getty Images

The most common injuries are back injuries, twisted ankles, and knee strains. However, depending on how a person falls, so are fractured wrists and muscle tears. Preventing slips and falls is a concern that should be addressed by every employer and an important issue for workers, visitors, and the public.

The following guidelines set out tools for good practice in developing an overall slip-and-fall prevention program.

Risk Areas and Regular Maintenance

Regular maintenance with safety in mind is required so that working surfaces are maintained free of slip, trip, and fall hazards that may result in injury to workers. The following risk areas should be addressed as part of a regular maintenance program:

• Walkways. Seasonal changes in temperature, along with regular wear and tear, can deteriorate the condition of outdoor walkways, so these areas should be inspected regularly to identify the ruts, slippery conditions, and other uneven ground on the worksite. Also, identify holes and trenches on the site. Cover them and rope them off with caution tape to prevent access to the area. Workers should not take shortcuts through debris piles.
• Floors. Floors should be kept clean and free of water, oil, and grease. Tiled or concrete floors can be etched to provide a nonslip, nonskid surface. Smooth flooring also can be covered with skid-resistant materials to improve traction.
• Stairwells and steps. Stairwells and steps should be well lit, and sturdy railings should be provided along both sides when possible. Steps should not be dangerously steep and should have the same rise and depth with visible edges. Keep stairs and stairwells free of grease, ice, snow, boxes, and other obstacles that could cause slips or trips.
• Lighting. Reduce the risk of slips and falls by using proper indoor and outdoor lighting. Outdoor stairs, walkways, and parking lots should be well lit. Conduct regular lighting inspections of the construction site, and replace burned-out bulbs immediately. Ensure adequate outdoor lighting as the seasons change and it gets dark earlier and stays dark longer.

Seasonal Safety Hazards

Walkways, ladders, and work platforms present seasonal slip-and-fall hazards due to snow, ice, and rain. It’s important to evaluate your equipment and employee needs before each new season begins. For example, devise a team of volunteers or employees to handle snow- and ice-removal emergencies, and stock up on salt and shovels before the winter season.

Be sure to consider:

• Snow and ice. Clear snow and ice from emergency exits, outdoor staircases, walkways, and parking lots as soon as possible. Evaluate downspouts to ensure runoff does not form ice buildup on sidewalks or parking areas.
• Rain. Keep floors dry and alert people to potentially slippery surfaces in the event of rain. Entryways and hallways become slippery when wet, but also consider potentially dangerous outdoor areas, such as ramps. Preplanning and vigilance can help prevent a majority of slips and falls.

“Develop a written protocol that addresses cleaning procedures and proper response to housekeeping emergencies, such as spills. Establish procedures to clean up spills immediately and to display signs warning people of the danger,” says construction injury specialist consultant and attorney John M. O’Brien . “Determine an appropriate cleaning schedule to keep stairways, passageways, scaffold, ladders, and gangways free of material, supplies, and obstructions. Keep hoses, power cords, or welding leads from lying in heavily traveled walkways or areas. Debris should be removed to keep the worksite orderly. Adequately dispose of scrap, waste and surplus materials. Designate areas for waste materials and provide containers.”

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Slips, Trips, And Falls Hazards | How To Prevent Them

Every year, countless individuals experience the unexpected mishap of a slip, trip, or fall. These incidents occur across all age groups and settings, from homes and public spaces to workplaces. While often brushed off as minor inconveniences or embarrassments, slips, trips, and falls can lead to serious injuries and significant financial and emotional costs.

The key to tackling this pervasive issue lies in understanding the factors contributing to these accidents and implementing effective prevention measures. In this blog, we delve into the causes of slips, trips, and falls, their impact, and, most importantly, how we can prevent them.

By understanding these risks, we empower ourselves to create safer environments, whether looking at the comfort of our homes, the safety of public spaces, or the well-being of employees in a workplace. This guide aims to heighten awareness, encourage preventive action, and highlight our shared responsibility in reducing the risks and consequences of slips, trips, and falls. Join us as we navigate through this important topic step by carefully step.

The Importance of Preventing Slips, Trips, and Falls

The impact of slips, trips, and falls can be highly significant, from bruised shins to broken bones. These incidents aren’t just about physical injury. The repercussions can ripple outwards, affecting an individual’s quality of life, workability, and mental well-being. In the workplace, such accidents can lead to significant downtime, loss of productivity, and even legal implications for businesses. It’s estimated that the annual costs associated with occupational falls run into billions of dollars globally, impacting not just individuals but entire economies. Therefore, it’s clear that these everyday accidents are anything but trivial and that preventing them should be a top priority for everyone.

Basic Understanding of Slips, Trips, and Falls

To prevent these incidents, we first need to understand them. So, what exactly are slips, trips, and falls? A slip occurs when there is too little friction or traction between your footwear and the walking surface, leading to a loss of balance. A trip happens when your foot or lower leg hits an object, and your upper body continues moving, resulting in loss of balance. A fall can result from a slip or trip but can also occur due to other factors, like poor lighting, lack of handrails, or sudden illness.

Each of these incidents can occur under various circumstances. While some common causes include wet or uneven surfaces, poor footwear, and cluttered walkways, there can also be less obvious contributors, like insufficient training or awareness. This article aims to delve deeper into the world of slips, trips, and falls, elucidating their causes, impacts, and, most importantly, the strategies for prevention. The goal is not to instill fear but to inspire a culture of safety, vigilance, and proactive measures to keep everyone safe.

Definition and Differences: Slips, Trips, and Falls

While the terms ‘slips,’ ‘trips,’ and ‘falls’ are often used interchangeably, they refer to distinct occurrences. As we’ve already discussed, a slip occurs when there is insufficient traction between your foot and the walking surface. This lack of grip may cause an imbalance, leading you to fall.

Trips, on the other hand, occur when your foot contacts an object in its path or drops unexpectedly, causing you to lose balance. A trip might occur due to clutter, an obstacle in the pathway, or an uneven walking surface.

Finally, a fall is a sudden, uncontrolled descent for various reasons, including slips, trips, loss of consciousness, or other health-related issues. Falls can occur on the same level (for example, falling on the floor) or from one level to another (like falling down the stairs or from a ladder).

Common Causes of Slips, Trips, and Falls

Understanding the common causes of these incidents is the first step toward prevention. Below are some major factors that often contribute to slips, trips, and falls.

• Wet or Oily Surfaces: One of the most common causes of slips is the presence of wet or oily surfaces. This might occur in areas prone to spills or leaks, such as kitchens, bathrooms, and certain industrial environments.
• Uneven Surfaces, Irregularities, and Obstacles: Uneven walking surfaces or irregularities such as potholes, cracks, or abrupt transitions can cause trips. Obstacles might include clutter, cords, open drawers, and other items that haven’t been stored properly.
• Poor Lighting Conditions: Inadequate lighting can make it difficult to see and avoid potential hazards like spills, obstacles, or changes in level. This can lead to both trips and falls.
• Weather Hazards: Outdoor slips and falls often increase during bad weather conditions such as rain, snow, or ice, which make surfaces slippery and vision less clear.
• Human Factors: Rushing, distraction, fatigue, or lack of proper training can also contribute to slips, trips, and falls. These can often be mitigated through awareness and training.
• Improper Footwear: Footwear unsuitable for the work environment or the current weather conditions can increase the risk of slips, trips, and falls. For example, smooth-soled shoes might not provide enough traction on a wet or oily surface, leading to slips.
• Loose or Unsecured Mats or Rugs: Unsecured mats, rugs, or carpets can shift underfoot or present tripping hazards with their edges.
• Improper Use of Equipment: This might involve using chairs instead of ladders, climbing on shelves, or not using safety equipment correctly, all of which can lead to falls.
• Poor Housekeeping: If work and walkway areas are not kept clean and orderly, they can contribute significantly to slips, trips, and falls. Examples include cluttered workspaces, cables across walkways, or spills not promptly cleaned up.
• Lack of Safety Training: Employees not properly trained on the correct job procedures, including safety equipment, can be at higher risk for accidents.
• Inadequate Maintenance: Neglecting maintenance can lead to hazards such as leaky pipes (leading to wet surfaces), potholes, or uneven flooring, which can cause slips, trips, and falls.
• Poorly Designed Walkways: Walkways with sudden drops, absence of handrails, sharp turns, or inadequate space can increase the risk of falls.
• Medical Conditions: Certain conditions like poor vision, balance disorders, or mobility problems can also increase the risk of slips, trips, and falls.
• Age: Both the very young and the elderly are at an increased risk for falls, partly due to factors such as lack of coordination, decreased strength, or reduced balance.

Remember, while this list of causes is extensive, it is not exhaustive. There may be other contributing factors depending on the specific circumstances or environment. That’s why it’s crucial to carry out regular risk assessments to promptly identify and address potential hazards.

Impact and Consequences Of Slips, Trips, And Falls

The impacts of slips, trips, and falls extend beyond the immediate event and can have lasting effects on the individuals involved and the organizations they belong to. These incidents can result in physical injuries, financial costs, and psychological distress.

Physical Injuries: From Minor to Severe

Physical injuries resulting from slips, trips, and falls can range from minor to severe. Minor injuries may include bruises, abrasions, or sprains. At the same time, more severe cases can lead to fractures, concussions, or even life-threatening injuries such as traumatic brain injuries or spinal cord damage.

In some cases, these incidents can lead to chronic pain or long-term disability, affecting the individual’s ability to perform daily activities or return to work. Falls, in particular, can be especially dangerous for older adults, leading to hip fractures or other serious injuries that significantly impact their independence and quality of life.

Financial Implications: Costs of Accidents

The financial implications of these incidents are also considerable. For individuals, this can include medical expenses, rehabilitation costs, and lost wages during recovery. Additionally, they might face expenses related to modifying their home for accessibility if the fall leads to a long-term disability.

For businesses, the financial costs can be substantial. There are indirect costs besides direct costs like medical expenses and workers’ compensation claims. These can include lost productivity due to employee absence, costs related to training replacement employees, and potential increases in insurance premiums. In severe cases, businesses may also face legal fees if they are negligent in providing a safe environment.

Psychological Implications: Fear and Anxiety After a Fall

The psychological impacts of slips, trips, and falls should not be underestimated. People who have experienced such an incident may develop a fear of falling again. This fear can limit their activities, reduce their independence, and decrease their quality of life.

Anxiety, depression, and social isolation can also result from the fear of falling or the consequences of an injury, such as disability. Employees may experience stress or anxiety about returning to work, especially if they feel the environment is unsafe.

Understanding these impacts highlights the importance of preventive measures to ensure safe environments, reducing the risk of slips, trips, and falls. The following sections will explore strategies to identify potential hazards and implement effective control measures.

Slips, Trips, And Falls Hazards Risk Assessment

Risk assessment is critical in preventing slips, trips, and falls. It involves identifying potential hazards, evaluating their risks, and determining appropriate control measures. A thorough risk assessment should consider all areas and activities in a given environment, from the home to the workplace.

Identifying High-Risk Areas in the Home or Workplace

High-risk areas vary depending on the setting. These might include staircases, bathrooms, and kitchens in the home, where wet surfaces are common. Outdoor areas like driveways or walkways can also present risks, especially in adverse weather conditions. Any area without sufficient support structures could be risky for older adults or those with mobility issues.

In the workplace, high-risk areas could be those with heavy foot traffic, wet or uneven surfaces, or places with lots of equipment and machinery. Industrial kitchens, construction sites , warehouses, and healthcare facilities are examples of workplace environments that often have high-risk areas.

Key Considerations for Risk Assessment

A comprehensive risk assessment should consider various factors. These include:

• The Environment: Assess the condition of the floors, lighting, staircases, and walkways. Look for hazards like wet surfaces, uneven floors, poor lighting, or lack of handrails.
• Human Factors: Consider the behavior and health of individuals in the environment. Are they rushing? Are they carrying heavy items that may obstruct their view? Do they have any health conditions that increase their risk?
• Tasks: Evaluate the tasks being performed. Does the job involve working at height, handling hazardous substances, or heavy physical labor? Are workers exposed to distractions or time pressure?
• Footwear and Clothing: Assess whether appropriate footwear and clothing are worn for specific environments and tasks.
• Previous Incidents: Look at the history of slips, trips, and falls in the environment. A pattern might indicate a persistent problem that needs addressing.

Importance of Regular Safety Audits

Regular safety audits are essential to maintain a safe environment. These audits involve routinely inspecting the environment and practices to ensure that safety measures are up-to-date and effectively implemented. They help identify new or overlooked hazards and assess the effectiveness of current control measures.

Regular audits also demonstrate a commitment to safety, which can encourage individuals to take responsibility for their safety and that of others. This fosters a proactive safety culture where hazards are promptly reported and addressed, further reducing the risk of slips, trips, and falls.

Prevention and Control Measures For Slips, Trips, And Falls

Once potential hazards have been identified through risk assessment, it’s crucial to implement prevention and control measures to mitigate these risks. This involves a range of strategies, from good housekeeping practices to installing safety features.

Housekeeping Best Practices

Proper housekeeping is one of the most effective ways to prevent slips, trips, and falls. Here are some best practices:

• Regular Cleaning: Clean floors regularly and immediately clean up any spills. Ensure to put up “wet floor” signs until the area is dry.
• Declutter: Keep walkways and work areas clear of clutter and obstacles.
• Proper Storage: Store materials and equipment properly when not in use.
• Maintenance: Promptly repair any damages to walkways and work areas, like cracks or uneven surfaces.

Installing Safety Features (Handrails, Non-Slip Mats, etc.)

Installing safety features can greatly reduce the risk of accidents. Here are a few examples:

• Handrails: Install sturdy handrails on all staircases and other areas where individuals may need extra support.
• Non-slip Mats: Use non-slip mats in areas prone to wet or slippery conditions.
• Guard Rails: Install guardrails around elevated platforms, mezzanines, and other fall hazards.
• Visible Markings: Use reflective tape or other visible markings to highlight changes in floor level or other hazards.

Appropriate Footwear for Different Surfaces

Wearing the right footwear can significantly reduce the risk of slips, trips, and falls. Choose shoes with good traction, especially for wet or slippery surfaces. Protective footwear should be worn in workplaces where specific hazards are present, such as construction sites.

Prompt Removal or Correction of Identified Hazards

Address identified hazards as quickly as possible to prevent accidents. If a hazard cannot be immediately removed or corrected, ensure it is clearly marked, and individuals are informed about it until it can be addressed.

Adequate Lighting

Ensure all areas have sufficient lighting to allow individuals to see and avoid potential hazards. This is particularly important for stairways, hallways, and outdoor paths. Replace burnt-out bulbs promptly and consider installing automatic lights in often-used areas.

By implementing these prevention and control measures, you can greatly reduce the risk of slips, trips, and falls, promoting a safer environment for everyone. In the next section, we’ll explore additional strategies and considerations specific to the workplace.

Workplace-Specific Considerations

While many of the principles of slips, trips, and falls prevention apply universally, certain considerations are particularly relevant to workplaces. These involve safety training, employer responsibilities, and industry-specific hazards.

Importance of Safety Training and Awareness Programs

Safety training is vital to workplace safety . Regular training sessions can ensure that employees are aware of potential hazards and the best practices for avoiding them. Training should cover topics such as proper use of equipment, safe handling of materials, and emergency procedures.

Awareness programs, too, can play a crucial role in maintaining a safe work environment. These programs could include regular safety reminders via bulletins, emails, or meetings, encouraging employees to be vigilant and proactive about safety.

Employer Responsibilities and Employee Rights

Employers have a responsibility to provide a safe work environment. This involves conducting regular risk assessments, addressing identified hazards promptly, and providing necessary safety training and equipment. They should also have procedures in place for reporting accidents or hazards and ensure that employees feel comfortable using these procedures without fear of retaliation.

Employees, on the other hand, have the right to a safe workplace and the right to speak up about safety concerns. They also have a role in maintaining safety by following established procedures, using provided safety equipment, and promptly reporting any hazards or incidents.

Industry-Specific Hazards and Control Measures

Every industry has its unique set of hazards, so it’s important to consider these when planning prevention and control measures. For example, spills and hot surfaces might be major hazards in a restaurant kitchen. Measures could include non-slip mats, appropriate footwear, and caution signs. In a construction site, falls from a height might be the primary concern, necessitating guardrails, safety harnesses, and fall arrest systems.

In conclusion, slips, trips, and falls are common but preventable incidents. By understanding their causes and impacts, conducting regular risk assessments, and implementing effective prevention and control measures, we can significantly reduce these accidents, fostering safer homes, workplaces, and communities.

The Role of Training in Preventing Slips, Trips , and Falls

Proper training programs are essential to educate employees on recognising hazards and taking preventive measures. Key training includes:

• Slips, Trips , and Falls Training:  This program focuses on identifying potential slip, trip, and fall hazards, understanding the causes and learning preventive measures. Through  online slips, trips, and falls training , employees can learn how to recognize and mitigate these risks effectively and promptly report such incidents.
• Hazard Awareness Training:  General hazard awareness training helps employees recognize various workplace hazards, including those that could lead to slips, trips and falls. It promotes a culture of safety and vigilance.
• Housekeeping and Workplace Organi z ation:  Training on maintaining a clean and organized workplace can prevent many trip hazards. This includes proper material storage, cable management and clear walkways.
• Emergency Response Training:  Knowing how to respond in the event of a slip, trip or fall is crucial. This training covers first aid, emergency procedures and reporting protocols to ensure quick and effective response to incidents.
• Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) Training:  Employees must know how to select, use and maintain their PPE. PPE training includes instructions on wearing non-slip footwear, gloves and other protective gear to minimize the risk of slips, trips and falls.
• Work at Height Training:  Work at height course  educates employees on the risks of working at heights and teaches safe practices for performing such tasks. This specialized training helps prevent severe injuries resulting from fall incidents.

Preventing slips, trips, and falls is no small task, but it is a crucial one. As we’ve explored in this guide, these incidents are far from trivial, carrying the potential for serious physical injuries, significant financial costs, and profound psychological impacts. Yet, armed with the knowledge of what causes these incidents and understanding their impacts, we’re already halfway towards prevention.

The steps to creating safer environments—at home, in public spaces, or at workplaces—aren’t overly complex. They begin with recognizing the potential hazards and involve a thoughtful blend of risk assessment, implementing practical measures, and fostering a culture of safety awareness. From basic housekeeping to installing safety features, each action reduces the risk.

It’s important to remember that the responsibility of preventing slips, trips, and falls doesn’t rest on a single individual or group—it’s a collective effort. Employers, employees, homeowners, and public facility managers all have roles to play. And in our various roles, we all contribute to a larger, shared goal: creating safer environments for everyone.

Preparing for and preventing these incidents can seem daunting in a world where the unexpected is expected. But, as we’ve seen, it’s not only possible; it’s a critical part of our commitment to safety for ourselves and others. Let this guide serve as a reminder and resource for that commitment, helping us make each step we take a safer one. Thank you for joining us on this journey towards safer environments and greater awareness. Let’s continue to take steps, big and small, toward a safer tomorrow.

Posted 12/18/23 @ 3:34 pm

How to Prevent Slips, Trips, and Falls on Construction Sites

The risk of accidents like slips, trips, and falls continue to be one of the most crucial concerns on a construction site. Slippery or hazardous working conditions caused by wet walkways or platforms and damaged, uneven, or cluttered walk spaces are just a few of the hazards in construction that can lead to unfortunate accidents.

Being diligent in preventing slips, trips, and falls protects everyone who enters a working area and mitigates preventable injuries or even death. Protective measures may include identifying and removing dangerous working conditions and using proper protective equipment like footwear, harnesses, and vests. Explore ways to avoid slips, trips, and falls and make a construction site safer for everyone.

The Dangers of Slips, Trips, and Falls

Workplace incidents related to slips, trips, falls, and other job safety concerns have increased over the years. According to the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics , construction deaths due to falls, slips, and trips increased 5.9 percent in 2021.

Slip, trip, and fall hazards often occur when elements like dangerous weather conditions, poorly lit construction work areas, unsafe work surfaces, and heavy equipment handling are present in the construction area.

Potential Slip, Trip, and Fall Hazards

A micro slip, big slip, or loss of footing can result in a fall and lead to severe injuries or fatalities. Trips typically happen in surface elevation changes, poor surface illumination, and congested walking areas shared by numerous people and motorized and nonmotorized equipment. Also, when carrying materials and equipment, vision can be impaired while walking and increasing the likelihood of a fall.

Slip, Trip, and Fall Prevention

Preventing slips, trips, and falls is crucial to avoid work-related injuries on construction sites. Keep all work areas clean, clear, and well-lit and provide safety gear or guardrails when necessary. Inspect areas prone to slips, trips, and falls (either areas typically wet, heavily trafficked, or lots of cords, cables, equipment, etc.) and quickly making fixes to hazardous working conditions.

How To Stay Safe on A Construction Site

Besides conducting initial inspections of potentially dangerous work areas and eliminating slip, trip, and fall hazards, ensuring that safety gear and equipment are available and that employees are familiarized with necessary safety guidelines is essential.

At 365 Equipment & Supply , we are your ultimate source for all your construction site needs. We offer the safety equipment to help you and your employees do the job safely and efficiently.

We have a wide range of safety equipment and products like the Guardian Fall Protection Halo Series Self-Retracting Lifeline (SRL) that provides a quick-action braking system, helping prevent unnecessary falls, or the Titan II Harness with a belt offering dependable security.  Learn more about our available safety equipment and products to help prevent slips, trips, and falls at your work site today.

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Data Dashboards

Falls, slips, and trips in construction.

Falls, slips, and trips are one of the leading causes of construction injuries, with over 300 fatal and 20,000 nonfatal fall injuries annually since 2013.

This dashboard examines fatal and nonfatal falls, slips, and trips by event and subsector. Data are from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS) Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI), Survey of Occupational Injuries and Illnesses (SOII), and the Current Population Survey (CPS). CFOI and SOII data were downloaded from BLS, and CPS was downloaded from IPUMS.

You can download the data as a spreadsheet. The spreadsheet is color-coded for each set of charts, and each worksheet name is based on the corresponding dashboard chart. If you have questions or comments, please email [email protected] .

Recommended Citation: CPWR-The Center for Construction Research and Training. [2024]. Falls, Slips, and Trips in Construction [dashboard] .

Preventing Slips, Trips and Falls at Construction Sites

Falls are one of the leading causes of fatal and non-fatal injuries at construction worksites. According to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), slips, trips and falls account for over 20% of construction worker deaths every year. However, many of these incidents can be prevented through proper training, attention and mindfulness. This article explores the primary causes of slips, trips and falls in construction and provides actionable strategies that contractors and workers can implement to foster safer worksites.

The Dangers of Slips, Trips and Falls

Slips, trips and falls may seem harmless, but they can lead to severe and even fatal injuries. Falling from ladders, scaffolding and rooftops can obviously result in major trauma. However, even falling on the same level can lead to injuries like fractures, torn ligaments, concussions, back injuries and more. These incidents also often result in lost work time and disability claims, creating financial and productivity burdens for contractors.

While experiences may vary, here are some statistics that highlight the dangers of falls in construction:

• Slips, trips and falls cause over 300,000 injuries and over 800 deaths per year at construction sites.
• 20% of fall accidents result in injuries that require 31+ days away from work.
• Fall injuries account for 1/3 of all non-fatal construction injuries involving days away from work.
• Fall-related fatalities account for around 38% of construction worker deaths.
• 20% of worker compensation costs are associated with slip, trip and fall injuries.

Clearly, falls present one of the biggest safety risks that construction workers face. However, knowledge and preparation can significantly reduce this threat.

Understanding Slips and Trips

To prevent falls, it’s important to understand what causes slips and trips in the first place. Trips occur when a person’s foot collides with an object or surface, causing them to lose balance and fall. Trips often result from:

• Debris, materials or tools blocking walkways
• Exposed rebar or wiring
• Damaged flooring or walking surfaces
• Lack of lighting or visibility

Slips happen when there is insufficient friction between a person’s shoe and the walking surface. This causes their feet to slide out from under them. Common causes of slips include:

• Wet, icy or greasy floors
• Loose materials like sand or gravel
• Mud, oil and grease accumulation
• Slippery surfaces like tile, concrete or metal

The risks of slips and trips also increase when carrying heavy loads or moving quickly. Momentum causes the body to keep moving when feet are obstructed. Maintaining awareness and control of one’s movements is key to preventing falls.

Strategies to Prevent Slips and Trips

While slips and trips are usually sudden and unexpected, worksites can take many proactive measures to reduce their likelihood. Here are some best practices for preventing falls due to slips and trips:

• Encourage employees to take their time and be mindful when walking around the worksite, especially when carrying equipment. Rushing increases risks.
• Keep walkways and work areas clear of obstructions, tools, materials and debris. Designate storage areas away from high-traffic zones.
• Clean up spills immediately and use absorbents on oily or greasy floors. Allow time for floors to fully dry before resuming work.
• Provide adequate lighting in all work zones, whether indoors or outdoors. Replace burnt out bulbs promptly.
• Cover slick surfaces like freshly painted floors with non-slip mats or work in alternative areas until dry.
• Use gravel, sand or salt to improve traction in outdoor areas prone to mud or ice buildup.
• Install adequate drainage and sump pumps to reduce standing water.
• Be mindful of entryways where concrete meets asphalt or areas where old floors meet new floors, as height differences can cause tripping.
• Look out for loose flooring, exposed nails in wood, or damaged concrete that could catch a worker’s foot. Block access until repaired.
• Keep ramps and stairwells clear of clutter and check that railings are secure.
• Encourage workers to wear slip-resistant footwear with textured soles and low heels. Boots should provide ankle support as well.

Maintaining an organized worksite and being proactive about addressing slip and trip hazards is key to preventing falls. But preparation does not end there.

Safe Practices for Working at Heights

In addition to slips and trips, falls from elevation present another major risk. OSHA estimates that falls from stairs, ladders, scaffolds, roofs and other heights account for around a third of all construction fall fatalities. Strict adherence to safe work practices is essential when working above ground level. Here are some guidelines:

• Ensure ladders are placed on stable, even surfaces and extend at least 3 feet above landing points. Maintain 3 points of contact when climbing.
• Wear and attach the proper fall arrest equipment when using lifts or working near unprotected sides and edges. Conduct regular inspections.
• Assemble scaffolding correctly, with adequate planking fully secured. Do not modify or remove components.
• Cover or guard floor openings, skylights and holes immediately. Use proper fall protection when accessing.
• Follow safe practices when working on roofs, including using harnesses and guards around openings.
• When lifting heavy loads to elevated work areas, use mechanical means like cranes instead of carrying.
• Set up signs or barricades to warn others of fall hazards like unprotected sides and openings.
• Do not use makeshift platforms like pallets or stilts to reach heights. Use proper ladders or lifts.

Falls become more likely when proper equipment, guards and supports are not used. Complying with safety guidelines, using harnesses and barriers, maintaining three points of contact, and avoiding unnecessary risks are all critical for working at heights.

Responding to Fall Emergencies

If a serious fall does occur, it is vital to respond appropriately. Here is a quick summary of how to assist victims after falls:

• Call 911 immediately if the victim appears unconscious or badly injured. Do not attempt to move them.
• If the victim is conscious, keep them calm and still until medical help arrives. Watch for signs of shock.
• Stop any bleeding by applying pressure with a clean cloth. Do not remove objects impaled in wounds.
• If no spinal injury is suspected, place victim on their back with legs elevated.
• Do not remove a victim’s helmet or protective equipment in case of head, neck or spinal injuries.
• Monitor airway passages in case victim vomits or bleeds from the mouth.
• Provide first aiders with details about the incident like the height and surface fallen on.

Getting immediate medical attention can be critical for recovery. However, staying with the victim, keeping them still and comfortable until EMTs arrive is vital as well.

Maintaining Stability and Balance

To avoid falls, it’s important to understand how our bodies maintain stability and balance. When standing, walking or working, our center of gravity – the point where body weight is evenly distributed – must stay over the base of support provided by our feet.

Several factors affect stability:

• Height and body shape. Shorter people have a lower center of gravity and more natural stability.
• Posture. Slouching and reaching extends one’s center of gravity, decreasing stability. Stay upright with arms at sides.
• Load carrying. Carrying items higher up or away from the body raises the center of gravity and throws off balance. Keep loads low and close to the body.
• Walking speed. Moving quickly builds momentum, making it harder to react to slips or trips. Go at a controlled pace.

Being mindful of these factors can optimize stability and help prevent falls when moving around a worksite.

Safely Reacting to Falls

Despite best efforts, slips and trips still occur. Knowing how to react when falls happen can reduce potential injuries:

• Stay loose and relaxed. Do not tense up or try to catch yourself.
• Allow joints to bend and muscles to absorb impact gradually.
• Roll with the momentum of the fall rather than fighting it.
• Avoid using hands to break falls. This can lead to wrist, arm and shoulder injuries.
• Land on fleshy body parts like the shoulder, hip or thigh to disperse impact.
• Twist to avoid landing on your head, neck or tailbone.

While falls should always be avoided, reacting appropriately can minimize injuries if they do occur. Being prepared and not panicking can save workers from severe harm.

Slips, trips and falls present a major hazard on construction sites. However, knowledge of what causes these incidents, adherence to proper work practices, and quick response when emergencies occur can significantly reduce risks and prevent severe injuries. Maintaining safe, orderly worksites, using appropriate safety equipment, moving mindfully and staying focused are all key to avoiding fall accidents. With proper diligence and training, contractors can keep their teams safe and falls to an absolute minimum.

Slips, trips, and falls represent not only a significant risk to construction workers’ lives and well-being but also a burden on productivity and compensation costs. Yet, these risks can be mitigated, and safety can be ensured. The key lies in education and the implementation of safe practices. That’s why it’s vital to explore new avenues for training, such as our “Slips, Trips and Falls in Construction Environments” online courses, designed to empower workers with the knowledge and skills needed to prevent these accidents.

Don’t let slips, trips, and falls dictate your construction site’s fate! They account for a staggering 17% of disabling injuries and 15% of fatalities on the job. But with our “Slips, Trips and Falls in Construction Environments” full-length interactive course, these numbers can change for the better.

Imagine a construction site where every worker understands the mechanics of slips and trips, the importance of proper footwear, and the principles of correct falling. Picture a worksite where safety isn’t an afterthought but the standard. This isn’t a mere dream; it’s a reality within your grasp!

Our comprehensive online course covers everything from understanding your center of gravity to selecting the right walking surfaces and maintaining impeccable housekeeping. Tailored to the unique demands of construction environments, this course doesn’t just educate – it transforms the way your workers perceive and approach safety.

What’s more, it’s available in both English and Spanish, ensuring a more inclusive and effective training experience for your diverse team.

Say goodbye to avoidable accidents and costly compensation claims. Embrace a future where safety isn’t just a goal; it’s a culture. Join the revolution today with our “Slips, Trips and Falls in Construction Environments” full-length interactive course, and take the crucial step towards a safer, more productive construction site. It’s time to stand firmly on the ground of safety and excellence!

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Dashpivot article page – how to prevent slips trips and falls in the workplace

How to prevent slips trips and falls in the workplace

In the workplace, slips, trips, and falls are among the most common causes of injury and can lead to serious consequences.

These accidents can result in lost workdays, decreased productivity, and even severe health repercussions for employees.

However, with proper awareness and preventive measures, these incidents can be significantly reduced.

Here is a detailed guide on how to prevent slips, trips, and falls in the workplace.

Understanding the Risks

Before diving into prevention strategies, it's important to understand the common causes of these accidents:

Slips usually occur when there's a lack of friction between the footwear and the walking surface, often due to wet or oily floors.

Trips happen when an individual’s foot collides with an object, causing them to lose balance. This can be due to clutter, uneven surfaces, or exposed cables.

Falls can be a result of slips and trips but also include falls from heights, such as ladders or scaffolding.

Maintain a Clean and Organised Environment

A tidy workplace is fundamental in preventing slips and trips.

Regular removal of debris, scrap materials, and other obstacles from walkways and work areas is crucial. This includes proper disposal of waste and orderly stacking of materials.

Conduct routine inspections to identify and rectify potential hazards, such as loose carpeting, uneven flooring, or exposed cords and cables.

Immediate cleaning of spills and clearly marking wet areas is essential to prevent slips, especially on surfaces like concrete which can become extremely slick when wet.

Ensure Adequate Lighting

Good lighting is crucial in preventing falls, particularly in high-risk areas.

Ensure that all areas of the workplace, especially hallways, staircases, and outdoor walking areas, are well-lit.

Conduct frequent checks and maintenance of lighting equipment to ensure it is functioning correctly, especially in temporary work zones. Replace any burnt-out bulbs and repair malfunctioning lights promptly.

Have reliable emergency lighting in place to prevent accidents during power outages or other emergencies.

Implement Proper Footwear Policies

Appropriate footwear can significantly reduce the risk of slips and falls.

• Non-Slip Footwear: Workers should wear boots with strong grip and support to prevent slips and provide stability on uneven surfaces.
• Footwear Policies: Develop and enforce clear policies regarding appropriate footwear in the workplace, tailored to different areas and job functions.
• Regular Monitoring: Encourage workers to regularly check their footwear for wear and tear and replace them as needed.

Training and Awareness Programs

Educating employees about the risks and prevention methods is a key aspect of reducing accidents.

Conduct training sessions to educate employees on identifying and mitigating hazards.

Hold regular toolbox talks to discuss specific safety topics and encourage employees to share concerns or suggestions.

Use of Signage and Barriers

Clearly marked signs and physical barriers can guide behaviour and prevent accidents.

• Warning Signs: Use warning signs to indicate slippery surfaces, uneven ground, or changes in elevation like steps or ramps.
• Physical Barriers: Install barriers or guardrails in high-risk areas, such as near open ledges or where elevation changes occur.

Regular Site Inspections

Conducting frequent site inspections to identify and address hazards is essential in a dynamic construction environment.

Perform regular risk assessments focusing on potential slip, trip, and fall hazards and implement corrective actions promptly.

Foster an environment where workers feel comfortable reporting potential hazards they observe.

Preventing slips, trips, and falls in the workplace requires a combination of environmental maintenance, appropriate equipment, employee education, and strict adherence to safety policies.

By focusing on these areas, employers can create a safer environment, significantly reducing the likelihood of such accidents.

It's important for businesses to recognise that investing in these preventive measures not only protects their employees but also enhances overall productivity and workplace morale.

Toolbox talks are an invaluable tool in preventing slips, trips and falls on site - see how you could use the example below to help.

Prevent slips trips and falls by using a digital toolbox talk on slips trips and falls

Use toolbox talks to prevent slips trips and falls on site.

Toolbox talks are an effective way to raise awareness and educate employees about the specific risks of slips, trips, and falls in the workplace, fostering a culture of safety and mindfulness.

Use a toolbox talk slips trips and falls template to engage your team in regular discussions on hazard identification, preventive measures, and best practices.

It comes standardised with fields and sections to capture slips trips and fall hazards, what talking points you want to cover, take attendance and team feedback.

Safety Toolbox Talk template

This toolbox talk template is quick and easy to complete and signoff on site, and keeps all of your toolbox talks neatly organised and professional.

Toolbox Talk Noise Pollution template

Keep your team aware of noise pollution, ways to manage risks and reduce noise with this Toolbox Talk template.

Site Security Toolbox Talk template

Keep your team up to date with site security with this Toolbox Talk Site Security.

Sitemate builds best in class tools for built world companies.

About Nick Chernih

Nick is the Senior Marketing Manager at Sitemate. He wants more people in the Built World to see the potential of doing things a different way - just because things are done one way doesn't mean it's the best way for you.

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Home » Legal Blog » Common Causes of Slips, Trips, and Falls on Construction Sites

May 11, 2021 | By Jonathan Damashek

Common Causes of Slips, Trips, and Falls on Construction Sites

Categories: Construction Accidents , Slip and Fall Accidents

Slips, trips, and falls are common on construction sites in New York City. In fact, according to the Occupational Safety and Health Administration, slip, trip, and fall accidents are among the leading causes of construction workplace injuries .

Many of these accidents are preventable. Whether it is an unstable walkway, debris, or unsafe conditions, a construction injury lawyer can help you recover damages from an accident that was not your fault.

What Causes Most Slip, Trip, and Fall Accidents?

OSHA requires that employers protect against hazards in the workplace . Despite this, slip, trip, and fall accidents happen, and people get injured.

Some common causes of slips, trips, and falls on construction sites include:

• Slick spots on walking surfaces
• Unsafe stairs or ladders
• Improperly structured scaffolding
• Sloped walking surfaces
• Loose, unanchored flooring
• Ramps without skid- or slip-resistance surfaces
• Mounting and dismounting vehicles and equipment
• Loose, irregular surfaces such as gravel
• Weather hazards
• Uncovered hoses, cables, or wires
• Poor lighting

Falling objects are another hazard that contributes to workplace accidents. Employers should ensure that construction sites and other workplaces are safe, with proper equipment provided to employees. Construction sites should be ADA compliant when required by law.

OSHA Standards Violations Lead to Slips, Trips, and Falls

When employers fail to comply with OSHA standards , they create a dangerous work environment for employees. In 2019, OSHA reported that three of the top 10 most frequently cited OSHA standards that were violated involved fall protection or scaffolding requirements.

According to the US Bureau of Labor Statistics , more than 5,400 workers died on the job in 2022. That is approximately 100 per week or 15 per day. About 20% – 1,056 – of worker fatalities are construction deaths . Nearly half of these fatal incidents resulted from slips, trips, and falls.

Preventing Slips, Trips, and Falls Is Good Business

The best way to deal with these accidents is to prevent them. Employers can prevent slip and fall accidents by ensuring safety equipment is available on work sites. They can also provide appropriate training for employees.

The following are suggested measures that may prevent slip, trip, and fall accidents on New York City construction sites.

Best Practices to Prevent Falls on Construction Sites

The Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) mandates that walkways and driveways should be obstruction-free, in good repair, and adequately spacious. Key practices include:

• Removing clutter and debris.
• Storing tools and equipment properly after use.
• Promptly addressing potential dangers.
• Allowing time for workers to clean and organize the work area within working hours.

Maintain Clean and Dry Surfaces

Keeping outdoor surfaces clean and dry is crucial, using treatments like sand, salt, and anti-skid adhesives when necessary. Indoor surfaces benefit from non-slip mats and maintaining cleanliness to prevent hazards from construction work boots.

Ensure Structural Safety

Secure any gaps, holes, and openings, following OSHA definitions and guidelines. Use covers, railings, and toe boards to prevent falls through these spaces.

Special Focus: Roof Safety

Working on roofs presents unique challenges. to enhance safety:.

• Never work alone on a roof.
• Avoid working in adverse weather conditions like snow, rain, or thunderstorms.
• Stay off wet roofs to prevent slips.
• Use appropriate safety gear, including harnesses, hardhats, safety glasses, and sturdy footwear. Regularly inspect all fall protection equipment.
• Implement safety systems like guard rails or controlled access zones as per OSHA standards.
• Keep roofs free from tools and materials that can cause accidents.
• Work cautiously and avoid rushing.

Follow Stairs and Ladders Safety

Stairs and ladders are common sites for accidents. To mitigate risks:

• Always use handrails.
• Ensure areas are well-lit.
• Maintain clear visibility.
• Conduct regular inspections and repairs.
• Clean up moisture and spills immediately.
• Remove or repair defective equipment.
• Use ladders and other equipment as intended and on stable surfaces.

For a more in-depth understanding of fall prevention, the OSHA “Fall Prevention Guide” is available for download. This guide provides comprehensive safety measures, especially for work involving elevation like ladders, scaffolds, and roofs. Remember, safety is a continuous effort and requires the participation of everyone on site.

Injured on Site? Get Legal Help From a New York Law Firm

Always get medical help if you are injured at work in a slip, trip, or fall accident or any kind of construction accident. After you talk to your healthcare provider, call Hecht, Kleeger & Damashek for a free consultation. You may be able to recover damages for injuries caused by another party’s negligence or wrongdoing.

Call our construction accident lawyers at (212) 490-5700 or use our online contact form for a free consultation.

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Slips, Trips, and Falls Safety Training in the Construction Industry

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Nearly one-third of reportable injuries and 40% of fatalities in construction result from slips, trips, and falls . These injuries result in 50% more days away from work than other injuries. Slips, trips, and falls can be caused by slick spots, debris, clutter, and unsafe stairs or ladders. The Occupational Health and Safety Administration , or OSHA, requires employers to protect against these hazards. These regulations will help you prevent slips, trips and falls.

Housekeeping

Housekeeping is an effective way to minimize accidents. OSHA requires that passageways be:

• Clear of obstructions
• In good repair
• Large enough to allow safe clearance

Make housekeeping a routine by:

• Picking up after yourself
• Keeping surfaces and stairways clear of debris
• Putting away tools and equipment after use

Your employer should allow time for you to clean your work area.

Indoor and Outdoor Surfaces

Keep outdoor surfaces clean and dry. Treat them with sand, salt, or anti-skid adhesive if necessary. Indoors, use non-slip floor mats and allow people to clean their shoes often.

Floor mats should:

• Have beveled edges
• Be made out of material that won’t slide
• Be placed where moisture can collect

Finally, wear boots or shoes with good traction.

Lifting Equipment

Construction equipment can create slip, trip, and fall hazards . All lifting equipment requires training to operate. Personal fall arrest systems also require training. Never operate equipment without training . Only use equipment that is in good condition and inspect it before use. If you notice problems, remove it from service and notify a supervisor.

Floor Loading Protection

The load rating is the maximum weight that a surface can safely hold. The approved load limit should be posted. This limit includes the total weight of all people and objects on that surface. It’s unsafe and against the law to exceed the load rating. If you bring an unusual amount of weight onto a surface, or if work is being performed on a surface that hasn’t been rated, check that the surface can handle the load.

Holes and Openings

OSHA defines a hole as a gap or space more than 2 inches wide in any horizontal working surface, and an opening as a gap or space at least 30 inches high and at least 18 inches wide in a vertical surface through which a person could fall.

Holes, and any openings that could lead to a fall, must have:

• Covers or railings to prevent tripping or falling
• A toeboard if tools may fall into it or people can pass under it

If holes or openings must be left temporarily unguarded, they must be attended until covered again.

Stairs and Ladders

To help prevent falls on stairs:

• Always use the handrail
• Turn on lights in the stairwell
• Don’t carry loads that block your view
• Check individual stairs regularly for damage
• Repair steps when necessary
• Keep stairways clear
• Clean up any moisture you find

In general, to help prevent falls from ladders:

• Inspect it prior to use to make sure it has no defects
• If damaged, remove ladder from service, tag it “Dangerous, Do Not Use,” and notify your supervisor
• Never use metal ladders around electrical equipment
• Never exceed the ladder’s load rating
• Never use ladders horizontally as work platforms

• Safety requirements for scaffolds:
•  Scaffolds must support 4x the maximum intended load
• Workers must be protected from overhead hazards
• Scaffolding higher than 10 ft. must have guardrails, mid-rails, and toeboards
• Use wire mesh between the toeboard and guardrail if people pass below
• Workers must have a safe way to get onto the scaffold
• Don’t use damaged or weakened scaffolding
• Don’t move or alter scaffolding while someone is working on it
• Never work on scaffolds during storms, high winds, ice or snow

Open-Sided Floors

Open-sided floors 6 feet above the surface must have a railing on open sides, except for entrances to ramps, stairways, etc. If the floor is used for non-construction activities, it must have a railing at 4 ft. There must be a toeboard below the railing if:

• People pass under it
• There is moving machinery below
• There is a danger of falling objects

If an open-sided floor is lower than the 4 or 6 ft. threshold, there must still be a railing and toeboard if it is near hazardous equipment. If railing systems are not possible, an approved fall protection method must be in place.

Loading Docks

Dockboards are movable ramps. They bridge the gap between a loading dock and a truck. To prevent accidents, OSHA requires that:

• Dockboards be secured
• Vehicles be secured from moving with wheel chocks, or brakes which meet Federal Motor Carrier Safety Administration (FMCSA) requirements
• Entryways into trailers from loading docks be well lit
• Workers be aware of sharp edges and uneven ground
• Workers keep docks free of moisture and debris

Slips, trips, and falls can cause serious injury. Following OSHA’s requirements will help keep employees and visitors safe. Be mindful of your surroundings, clean up after yourself, and implement safety measures when necessary.

OSHA’s Fall Prevention Campaign provides more information about preventing falls from heights: https://www.osha.gov/stopfalls/index.html

This OSHA pocket guide includes more on scaffolds and elevated surfaces: https://www.osha.gov/Publications/OSHA3252/3252.html

This pdf gives a detailed overview on stairway and ladder safety: https://www.osha.gov/Publications/osha3124.pdf

SafetySkills offers a course over preventing slip, trip and fall injuries in the construction industry, which covers the general safety requirements for walking and working surfaces, including elevated surfaces.

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